[`flake8-bugbear`] Ignore `B028` if `skip_file_prefixes` is present (#18047)

## Summary

Fixes #18011

crates/ruff_linter/resources/test/fixtures/flake8_bugbear/B028.py

@@ -25,3 +25,11 @@ warnings.warn(
         # some comments here
         source = None # no trailing comma
     )
+
+# https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/issues/18011
+warnings.warn("test", skip_file_prefixes=(os.path.dirname(__file__),))
+# trigger diagnostic if `skip_file_prefixes` is present and set to the default value
+warnings.warn("test", skip_file_prefixes=())
+
+_my_prefixes = ("this","that")
+warnings.warn("test", skip_file_prefixes = _my_prefixes)

crates/ruff_linter/src/rules/flake8_bugbear/rules/no_explicit_stacklevel.rs

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 use ruff_diagnostics::{AlwaysFixableViolation, Diagnostic, Fix};
 use ruff_macros::{derive_message_formats, ViolationMetadata};
-use ruff_python_ast::{self as ast};
+use ruff_python_ast::{self as ast, Expr};
 use ruff_text_size::Ranged;
 
 use crate::{checkers::ast::Checker, fix::edits::add_argument};
@@ -60,10 +60,18 @@ pub(crate) fn no_explicit_stacklevel(checker: &Checker, call: &ast::ExprCall) {
         return;
     }
 
+    // When prefixes are supplied, stacklevel is implicitly overridden to be `max(2, stacklevel)`.
+    //
+    // Signature as of Python 3.13 (https://docs.python.org/3/library/warnings.html#warnings.warn)
+    // ```text
+    //                  0       1               2            3                  4
+    // warnings.warn(message, category=None, stacklevel=1, source=None, *, skip_file_prefixes=())
+    // ```
     if call
         .arguments
         .find_argument_value("stacklevel", 2)
         .is_some()
+        || is_skip_file_prefixes_param_set(&call.arguments)
         || call
             .arguments
             .args
@@ -90,3 +98,14 @@ pub(crate) fn no_explicit_stacklevel(checker: &Checker, call: &ast::ExprCall) {
 
     checker.report_diagnostic(diagnostic);
 }
+
+/// Returns `true` if `skip_file_prefixes` is set to its non-default value.
+/// The default value of `skip_file_prefixes` is an empty tuple.
+fn is_skip_file_prefixes_param_set(arguments: &ast::Arguments) -> bool {
+    arguments
+        .find_keyword("skip_file_prefixes")
+        .is_some_and(|keyword| match &keyword.value {
+            Expr::Tuple(tuple) => !tuple.elts.is_empty(),
+            _ => true,
+        })
+}

crates/ruff_linter/src/rules/flake8_bugbear/snapshots/ruff_linter__rules__flake8_bugbear__tests__B028_B028.py.snap

@@ -61,3 +61,26 @@ B028.py:22:1: B028 [*] No explicit `stacklevel` keyword argument found
 26    |-        source = None # no trailing comma
    26 |+        source = None, stacklevel=2 # no trailing comma
 27 27 |     )
+28 28 | 
+29 29 | # https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/issues/18011
+
+B028.py:32:1: B028 [*] No explicit `stacklevel` keyword argument found
+   |
+30 | warnings.warn("test", skip_file_prefixes=(os.path.dirname(__file__),))
+31 | # trigger diagnostic if `skip_file_prefixes` is present and set to the default value
+32 | warnings.warn("test", skip_file_prefixes=())
+   | ^^^^^^^^^^^^^ B028
+33 |
+34 | _my_prefixes = ("this","that")
+   |
+   = help: Set `stacklevel=2`
+
+ℹ Unsafe fix
+29 29 | # https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/issues/18011
+30 30 | warnings.warn("test", skip_file_prefixes=(os.path.dirname(__file__),))
+31 31 | # trigger diagnostic if `skip_file_prefixes` is present and set to the default value
+32    |-warnings.warn("test", skip_file_prefixes=())
+   32 |+warnings.warn("test", skip_file_prefixes=(), stacklevel=2)
+33 33 | 
+34 34 | _my_prefixes = ("this","that")
+35 35 | warnings.warn("test", skip_file_prefixes = _my_prefixes)