infer arguments of generic calls with declared type context

crates/ty_python_semantic/resources/mdtest/assignment/annotations.md

@@ -476,10 +476,8 @@ def _(i: int):
     b: list[int | None] | None = id([i])
     c: list[int | None] | int | None = id([i])
     reveal_type(a)  # revealed: list[int | None]
-    # TODO: these should reveal `list[int | None]`
-    # we currently do not use the call expression annotation as type context for argument inference
-    reveal_type(b)  # revealed: list[Unknown | int]
-    reveal_type(c)  # revealed: list[Unknown | int]
+    reveal_type(b)  # revealed: list[int | None]
+    reveal_type(c)  # revealed: list[int | None]
 
     a: list[int | None] | None = [i]
     b: list[int | None] | None = lst(i)
@@ -495,3 +493,26 @@ def _(i: int):
     reveal_type(b)  # revealed: list[Unknown]
     reveal_type(c)  # revealed: list[Unknown]
 ```
+
+The function arguments are inferred using the type context:
+
+```py
+from typing import TypedDict
+
+class TD(TypedDict):
+    x: int
+
+def f[T](x: list[T]) -> T:
+    return x[0]
+
+a: TD = f([{"x": 0}, {"x": 1}])
+reveal_type(a)  # revealed: TD
+
+b: TD | None = f([{"x": 0}, {"x": 1}])
+# TODO: Narrow away the `None` here.
+reveal_type(b)  # revealed: TD | None
+
+# error: [missing-typed-dict-key] "Missing required key 'x' in TypedDict `TD` constructor"
+# error: [invalid-key] "Invalid key access on TypedDict `TD`: Unknown key "y""
+c: TD | None = f([{"y": 0}, {"x": 1}])
+```

crates/ty_python_semantic/src/types/infer/builder.rs

@@ -5535,6 +5535,7 @@ impl<'db, 'ast> TypeInferenceBuilder<'db, 'ast> {
         ast_arguments: &ast::Arguments,
         arguments: &mut CallArguments<'a, 'db>,
         bindings: &Bindings<'db>,
+        call_expression_tcx: TypeContext<'db>,
     ) {
         debug_assert!(
             ast_arguments.len() == arguments.len()
@@ -5603,10 +5604,28 @@ impl<'db, 'ast> TypeInferenceBuilder<'db, 'ast> {
                     return None;
                 };
 
-                let parameter_type =
+                let mut parameter_type =
                     overload.signature.parameters()[*parameter_index].annotated_type()?;
 
-                // TODO: For now, skip any parameter annotations that mention any typevars. There
+                // If this is a generic call, attempt to specialize the parameter type using the
+                // declared type context, if provided.
+                if let Some(generic_context) = overload.signature.generic_context
+                    && let Some(return_ty) = overload.signature.return_ty
+                    && let Some(declared_return_ty) = call_expression_tcx.annotation
+                {
+                    let mut builder =
+                        SpecializationBuilder::new(db, generic_context.inferable_typevars(db));
+
+                    let _ = builder.infer(return_ty, declared_return_ty);
+                    let specialization = builder.build(generic_context, call_expression_tcx);
+
+                    // Note that we are not necessarily "preferring the declared type" here, as the
+                    // type context will only be preferred during the inference of this expression
+                    // by the same heuristics we use for the inference of the outer generic call.
+                    parameter_type = parameter_type.apply_specialization(db, specialization);
+                }
+
+                // TODO: For now, skip any parameter annotations that still mention any typevars. There
                 // are two issues:
                 //
                 // First, if we include those typevars in the type context that we use to infer the
@@ -6820,7 +6839,12 @@ impl<'db, 'ast> TypeInferenceBuilder<'db, 'ast> {
                 let infer_call_arguments = |bindings: Option<Bindings<'db>>| {
                     if let Some(bindings) = bindings {
                         let bindings = bindings.match_parameters(self.db(), &call_arguments);
-                        self.infer_all_argument_types(arguments, &mut call_arguments, &bindings);
+                        self.infer_all_argument_types(
+                            arguments,
+                            &mut call_arguments,
+                            &bindings,
+                            tcx,
+                        );
                     } else {
                         let argument_forms = vec![Some(ParameterForm::Value); call_arguments.len()];
                         self.infer_argument_types(arguments, &mut call_arguments, &argument_forms);
@@ -6841,7 +6865,7 @@ impl<'db, 'ast> TypeInferenceBuilder<'db, 'ast> {
         let bindings = callable_type
             .bindings(self.db())
             .match_parameters(self.db(), &call_arguments);
-        self.infer_all_argument_types(arguments, &mut call_arguments, &bindings);
+        self.infer_all_argument_types(arguments, &mut call_arguments, &bindings, tcx);
 
         // Validate `TypedDict` constructor calls after argument type inference
         if let Some(class_literal) = callable_type.as_class_literal() {