diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index ff8df2981d..ed187bc5c5 100644
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -124,7 +124,7 @@ ruff's goal is to achieve feature-parity with Flake8 when used (1) without any p
 stylistic checks; limiting to Python 3 obviates the need for certain compatibility checks.)
 
 Under those conditions, Flake8 implements about 60 rules, give or take. At time of writing, ruff
-implements 41 rules. (Note that these 41 rules likely cover a disproportionate share of errors:
+implements 42 rules. (Note that these 42 rules likely cover a disproportionate share of errors:
 unused imports, undefined variables, etc.)
 
 The unimplemented rules are tracked in #170, and include:
@@ -156,6 +156,7 @@ Beyond rule-set parity, ruff suffers from the following limitations vis-à-vis F
 | E742 | AmbiguousClassName | ambiguous class name '...' |
 | E743 | AmbiguousFunctionName | ambiguous function name '...' |
 | E902 | IOError | No such file or directory: `...` |
+| E999 | SyntaxError | SyntaxError: ... |
 | F401 | UnusedImport | `...` imported but unused |
 | F403 | ImportStarUsage | `from ... import *` used; unable to detect undefined names |
 | F404 | LateFutureImport | from __future__ imports must occur at the beginning of the file |
diff --git a/examples/generate_rules_table.rs b/examples/generate_rules_table.rs
index d288d28e57..374c6c509e 100644
--- a/examples/generate_rules_table.rs
+++ b/examples/generate_rules_table.rs
@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@ fn main() {
         CheckKind::NotIsTest,
         CheckKind::RaiseNotImplemented,
         CheckKind::ReturnOutsideFunction,
+        CheckKind::SyntaxError("...".to_string()),
         CheckKind::TooManyExpressionsInStarredAssignment,
         CheckKind::TrueFalseComparison(true, RejectedCmpop::Eq),
         CheckKind::TwoStarredExpressions,
diff --git a/resources/test/fixtures/E999.py b/resources/test/fixtures/E999.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b2c931a6a4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/resources/test/fixtures/E999.py
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+def x():
+
diff --git a/resources/test/fixtures/pyproject.toml b/resources/test/fixtures/pyproject.toml
index 4a853c2e3c..fb95d0686b 100644
--- a/resources/test/fixtures/pyproject.toml
+++ b/resources/test/fixtures/pyproject.toml
@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ select = [
     "E742",
     "E743",
     "E902",
+    "E999",
     "F401",
     "F403",
     "F404",
diff --git a/src/checks.rs b/src/checks.rs
index cafd8d6419..92271dccf5 100644
--- a/src/checks.rs
+++ b/src/checks.rs
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ pub enum CheckCode {
     E742,
     E743,
     E902,
+    E999,
     F401,
     F403,
     F404,
@@ -69,6 +70,7 @@ impl FromStr for CheckCode {
             "E742" => Ok(CheckCode::E742),
             "E743" => Ok(CheckCode::E743),
             "E902" => Ok(CheckCode::E902),
+            "E999" => Ok(CheckCode::E999),
             "F401" => Ok(CheckCode::F401),
             "F403" => Ok(CheckCode::F403),
             "F404" => Ok(CheckCode::F404),
@@ -118,6 +120,7 @@ impl CheckCode {
             CheckCode::E742 => "E742",
             CheckCode::E743 => "E743",
             CheckCode::E902 => "E902",
+            CheckCode::E999 => "E999",
             CheckCode::F401 => "F401",
             CheckCode::F403 => "F403",
             CheckCode::F404 => "F404",
@@ -153,7 +156,7 @@ impl CheckCode {
     pub fn lint_source(&self) -> &'static LintSource {
         match self {
             CheckCode::E501 => &LintSource::Lines,
-            CheckCode::E902 => &LintSource::FileSystem,
+            CheckCode::E902 | CheckCode::E999 => &LintSource::FileSystem,
             _ => &LintSource::AST,
         }
     }
@@ -204,6 +207,7 @@ pub enum CheckKind {
     NotIsTest,
     RaiseNotImplemented,
     ReturnOutsideFunction,
+    SyntaxError(String),
     TooManyExpressionsInStarredAssignment,
     TrueFalseComparison(bool, RejectedCmpop),
     TwoStarredExpressions,
@@ -251,6 +255,7 @@ impl CheckKind {
             CheckKind::NotIsTest => "NotIsTest",
             CheckKind::RaiseNotImplemented => "RaiseNotImplemented",
             CheckKind::ReturnOutsideFunction => "ReturnOutsideFunction",
+            CheckKind::SyntaxError(_) => "SyntaxError",
             CheckKind::TooManyExpressionsInStarredAssignment => {
                 "TooManyExpressionsInStarredAssignment"
             }
@@ -300,6 +305,7 @@ impl CheckKind {
             CheckKind::NotIsTest => &CheckCode::E714,
             CheckKind::RaiseNotImplemented => &CheckCode::F901,
             CheckKind::ReturnOutsideFunction => &CheckCode::F706,
+            CheckKind::SyntaxError(_) => &CheckCode::E999,
             CheckKind::TooManyExpressionsInStarredAssignment => &CheckCode::F621,
             CheckKind::TrueFalseComparison(_, _) => &CheckCode::E712,
             CheckKind::TwoStarredExpressions => &CheckCode::F622,
@@ -394,6 +400,7 @@ impl CheckKind {
             CheckKind::ReturnOutsideFunction => {
                 "a `return` statement outside of a function/method".to_string()
             }
+            CheckKind::SyntaxError(message) => format!("SyntaxError: {message}"),
             CheckKind::TooManyExpressionsInStarredAssignment => {
                 "too many expressions in star-unpacking assignment".to_string()
             }
diff --git a/src/main.rs b/src/main.rs
index dfa94cd205..485ddefcfb 100644
--- a/src/main.rs
+++ b/src/main.rs
@@ -106,8 +106,17 @@ fn run_once(
         .par_iter()
         .map(|entry| {
             lint_path(entry.path(), settings, &cache.into(), &autofix.into()).unwrap_or_else(|e| {
-                error!("Failed to check {}: {e:?}", entry.path().to_string_lossy());
-                vec![]
+                if settings.select.contains(&CheckCode::E999) {
+                    vec![Message {
+                        kind: CheckKind::SyntaxError(e.to_string()),
+                        fixed: false,
+                        location: Default::default(),
+                        filename: entry.path().to_string_lossy().to_string(),
+                    }]
+                } else {
+                    error!("Failed to check {}: {e:?}", entry.path().to_string_lossy());
+                    vec![]
+                }
             })
         })
         .flatten()
diff --git a/src/pyproject.rs b/src/pyproject.rs
index 25b1845f26..7297ba30e1 100644
--- a/src/pyproject.rs
+++ b/src/pyproject.rs
@@ -277,6 +277,7 @@ other-attribute = 1
                     CheckCode::E742,
                     CheckCode::E743,
                     CheckCode::E902,
+                    CheckCode::E999,
                     CheckCode::F401,
                     CheckCode::F403,
                     CheckCode::F404,
diff --git a/src/settings.rs b/src/settings.rs
index ee565532d3..873fd33683 100644
--- a/src/settings.rs
+++ b/src/settings.rs
@@ -89,6 +89,7 @@ impl Settings {
                     CheckCode::E742,
                     CheckCode::E743,
                     CheckCode::E902,
+                    CheckCode::E999,
                     CheckCode::F401,
                     CheckCode::F403,
                     CheckCode::F406,