Use `memchr` for tab-indentation detection (#9853)

## Summary

The benchmarks show a pretty consistent 1% speedup here for all-rules,
though not enough to trigger our threshold of course:

![Screenshot 2024-02-05 at 11 55
59 PM](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/assets/1309177/317dca3f-f25f-46f5-8ea8-894a1747d006)

crates/ruff_linter/src/checkers/tokens.rs

@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ pub(crate) fn check_tokens(
     }
 
     if settings.rules.enabled(Rule::TabIndentation) {
-        pycodestyle::rules::tab_indentation(&mut diagnostics, tokens, locator, indexer);
+        pycodestyle::rules::tab_indentation(&mut diagnostics, locator, indexer);
     }
 
     if settings.rules.any_enabled(&[

crates/ruff_linter/src/rules/pycodestyle/rules/tab_indentation.rs

@@ -1,11 +1,8 @@
 use ruff_diagnostics::{Diagnostic, Violation};
 use ruff_macros::{derive_message_formats, violation};
 use ruff_python_index::Indexer;
-use ruff_python_parser::lexer::LexResult;
-use ruff_python_parser::Tok;
-use ruff_python_trivia::leading_indentation;
 use ruff_source_file::Locator;
-use ruff_text_size::{TextLen, TextRange, TextSize};
+use ruff_text_size::{TextRange, TextSize};
 
 /// ## What it does
 /// Checks for indentation that uses tabs.
@@ -48,44 +45,52 @@ impl Violation for TabIndentation {
 /// W191
 pub(crate) fn tab_indentation(
     diagnostics: &mut Vec<Diagnostic>,
-    tokens: &[LexResult],
     locator: &Locator,
     indexer: &Indexer,
 ) {
-    // Always check the first line for tab indentation as there's no newline
-    // token before it.
-    tab_indentation_at_line_start(diagnostics, locator, TextSize::default());
+    let contents = locator.contents().as_bytes();
+    let mut offset = 0;
+    while let Some(index) = memchr::memchr(b'\t', &contents[offset..]) {
+        // If we find a tab in the file, grab the entire line.
+        let range = locator.full_line_range(TextSize::try_from(offset + index).unwrap());
 
-    for (tok, range) in tokens.iter().flatten() {
-        if matches!(tok, Tok::Newline | Tok::NonLogicalNewline) {
-            tab_indentation_at_line_start(diagnostics, locator, range.end());
+        // Determine whether the tab is part of the line's indentation.
+        if let Some(indent) = tab_indentation_at_line_start(range.start(), locator, indexer) {
+            diagnostics.push(Diagnostic::new(TabIndentation, indent));
+        }
+
+        // Advance to the next line.
+        offset = range.end().to_usize();
+    }
+}
+
+/// If a line includes tabs in its indentation, returns the range of the
+/// indent.
+fn tab_indentation_at_line_start(
+    line_start: TextSize,
+    locator: &Locator,
+    indexer: &Indexer,
+) -> Option<TextRange> {
+    let mut contains_tab = false;
+    for (i, char) in locator.after(line_start).as_bytes().iter().enumerate() {
+        match char {
+            // If we find a tab character, report it as a violation.
+            b'\t' => {
+                contains_tab = true;
+            }
+            // If we find a space, continue.
+            b' ' | b'\x0C' => {}
+            // If we find a non-whitespace character, stop.
+            _ => {
+                if contains_tab {
+                    let range = TextRange::at(line_start, TextSize::try_from(i).unwrap());
+                    if !indexer.multiline_ranges().contains_range(range) {
+                        return Some(range);
+                    }
+                }
+                break;
+            }
         }
     }
-
-    // The lexer doesn't emit `Newline` / `NonLogicalNewline` for a line
-    // continuation character (`\`), so we need to manually check for tab
-    // indentation for lines that follow a line continuation character.
-    for continuation_line in indexer.continuation_line_starts() {
-        tab_indentation_at_line_start(
-            diagnostics,
-            locator,
-            locator.full_line_end(*continuation_line),
-        );
-    }
-}
-
-/// Checks for indentation that uses tabs for a line starting at
-/// the given [`TextSize`].
-fn tab_indentation_at_line_start(
-    diagnostics: &mut Vec<Diagnostic>,
-    locator: &Locator,
-    line_start: TextSize,
-) {
-    let indent = leading_indentation(locator.after(line_start));
-    if indent.find('\t').is_some() {
-        diagnostics.push(Diagnostic::new(
-            TabIndentation,
-            TextRange::at(line_start, indent.text_len()),
-        ));
-    }
+    None
 }