[`ruff`] Handle `attrs`'s `auto_attribs` correctly (`RUF009`) (#14520)

## Summary

Resolves #14519.

## Test Plan

`cargo nextest run` and `cargo insta test`.

crates/ruff_linter/resources/test/fixtures/ruff/RUF009_attrs_auto_attribs.py

@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+import attr
+from attrs import define, field, frozen, mutable
+
+
+foo = int
+
+
+@define  # auto_attribs = None => True
+class C:
+    a: str = 0
+    b = field()
+    c: int = foo()
+    d = list()
+
+
+@define()  # auto_attribs = None => True
+class C:
+    a: str = 0
+    b = field()
+    c: int = foo()
+    d = list()
+
+
+@define(auto_attribs=None)  # auto_attribs = None => True
+class C:
+    a: str = 0
+    b = field()
+    c: int = foo()
+    d = list()
+
+
+@frozen  # auto_attribs = None => True
+class C:
+    a: str = 0
+    b = field()
+    c: int = foo()
+    d = list()
+
+
+@frozen()  # auto_attribs = None => True
+class C:
+    a: str = 0
+    b = field()
+    c: int = foo()
+    d = list()
+
+
+@frozen(auto_attribs=None)  # auto_attribs = None => True
+class C:
+    a: str = 0
+    b = field()
+    c: int = foo()
+    d = list()
+
+
+@mutable  # auto_attribs = None => True
+class C:
+    a: str = 0
+    b = field()
+    c: int = foo()
+    d = list()
+
+
+@mutable()  # auto_attribs = None => True
+class C:
+    a: str = 0
+    b = field()
+    c: int = foo()
+    d = list()
+
+
+@mutable(auto_attribs=None)  # auto_attribs = None => True
+class C:
+    a: str = 0
+    b = field()
+    c: int = foo()
+    d = list()
+
+
+@attr.s  # auto_attribs = False
+class C:
+    a: str = 0
+    b = field()
+    c: int = foo()
+    d = list()
+
+
+@attr.s()  # auto_attribs = False
+class C:
+    a: str = 0
+    b = field()
+    c: int = foo()
+    d = list()
+
+
+@attr.s(auto_attribs=None)  # auto_attribs = None => True
+class C:
+    a: str = 0
+    b = field()
+    c: int = foo()
+    d = list()

crates/ruff_linter/src/rules/ruff/mod.rs

@@ -396,6 +396,10 @@ mod tests {
         Rule::FunctionCallInDataclassDefaultArgument,
         Path::new("RUF009_attrs.py")
     )]
+    #[test_case(
+        Rule::FunctionCallInDataclassDefaultArgument,
+        Path::new("RUF009_attrs_auto_attribs.py")
+    )]
     #[test_case(Rule::MutableDataclassDefault, Path::new("RUF008_attrs.py"))]
     #[test_case(Rule::MapIntVersionParsing, Path::new("RUF048.py"))]
     #[test_case(Rule::MapIntVersionParsing, Path::new("RUF048_1.py"))]

crates/ruff_linter/src/rules/ruff/rules/function_call_in_dataclass_default.rs

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ use ruff_text_size::Ranged;
 use crate::checkers::ast::Checker;
 use crate::rules::ruff::rules::helpers::{
     dataclass_kind, is_class_var_annotation, is_dataclass_field, is_descriptor_class,
+    AttrsAutoAttribs, DataclassKind,
 };
 
 /// ## What it does
@@ -84,6 +85,28 @@ pub(crate) fn function_call_in_dataclass_default(
         return;
     }
 
+    let attrs_auto_attribs = match dataclass_kind {
+        DataclassKind::Stdlib => None,
+
+        DataclassKind::Attrs(attrs_auto_attribs) => match attrs_auto_attribs {
+            AttrsAutoAttribs::Unknown => return,
+
+            AttrsAutoAttribs::None => {
+                if any_annotated(&class_def.body) {
+                    Some(AttrsAutoAttribs::True)
+                } else {
+                    Some(AttrsAutoAttribs::False)
+                }
+            }
+
+            _ => Some(attrs_auto_attribs),
+        },
+    };
+    let dataclass_kind = match attrs_auto_attribs {
+        None => DataclassKind::Stdlib,
+        Some(attrs_auto_attribs) => DataclassKind::Attrs(attrs_auto_attribs),
+    };
+
     let extend_immutable_calls: Vec<QualifiedName> = checker
         .settings
         .flake8_bugbear
@@ -101,13 +124,21 @@ pub(crate) fn function_call_in_dataclass_default(
         else {
             continue;
         };
-        let Expr::Call(ast::ExprCall { func, .. }) = &**expr else {
+        let Expr::Call(ast::ExprCall { func, .. }) = expr.as_ref() else {
             continue;
         };
 
-        if is_class_var_annotation(annotation, checker.semantic())
+        let is_field = is_dataclass_field(func, checker.semantic(), dataclass_kind);
+
+        // Non-explicit fields in an `attrs` dataclass
+        // with `auto_attribs=False` are class variables.
+        if matches!(attrs_auto_attribs, Some(AttrsAutoAttribs::False)) && !is_field {
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        if is_field
+            || is_class_var_annotation(annotation, checker.semantic())
             || is_immutable_func(func, checker.semantic(), &extend_immutable_calls)
-            || is_dataclass_field(func, checker.semantic(), dataclass_kind)
             || is_descriptor_class(func, checker.semantic())
         {
             continue;
@@ -121,3 +152,10 @@ pub(crate) fn function_call_in_dataclass_default(
         checker.diagnostics.push(diagnostic);
     }
 }
+
+#[inline]
+fn any_annotated(class_body: &[Stmt]) -> bool {
+    class_body
+        .iter()
+        .any(|stmt| matches!(stmt, Stmt::AnnAssign(..)))
+}

crates/ruff_linter/src/rules/ruff/rules/helpers.rs

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 use ruff_python_ast::helpers::{map_callable, map_subscript};
-use ruff_python_ast::{self as ast, Expr};
+use ruff_python_ast::{self as ast, Expr, ExprCall};
 use ruff_python_semantic::{analyze, BindingKind, Modules, SemanticModel};
 
 /// Return `true` if the given [`Expr`] is a special class attribute, like `__slots__`.
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ pub(super) fn is_dataclass_field(
     dataclass_kind: DataclassKind,
 ) -> bool {
     match dataclass_kind {
-        DataclassKind::Attrs => is_attrs_field(func, semantic),
+        DataclassKind::Attrs(..) => is_attrs_field(func, semantic),
         DataclassKind::Stdlib => is_stdlib_dataclass_field(func, semantic),
     }
 }
@@ -76,13 +76,29 @@ pub(super) fn is_final_annotation(annotation: &Expr, semantic: &SemanticModel) -
     semantic.match_typing_expr(map_subscript(annotation), "Final")
 }
 
+/// Values that [`attrs`'s `auto_attribs`][1] accept.
+///
+/// [1]: https://www.attrs.org/en/stable/api.html#attrs.define
+#[derive(Debug, Copy, Clone, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub(super) enum AttrsAutoAttribs {
+    /// `a: str = ...` are automatically converted to fields.
+    True,
+    /// Only `attrs.field()`/`attr.ib()` calls are considered fields.
+    False,
+    /// `True` if any attributes are annotated (and no unannotated `attrs.field`s are found).
+    /// `False` otherwise.
+    None,
+    /// The provided value is not a literal.
+    Unknown,
+}
+
 /// Enumeration of various kinds of dataclasses recognised by Ruff
 #[derive(Debug, Copy, Clone, PartialEq, Eq)]
 pub(super) enum DataclassKind {
     /// dataclasses created by the stdlib `dataclasses` module
     Stdlib,
     /// dataclasses created by the third-party `attrs` library
-    Attrs,
+    Attrs(AttrsAutoAttribs),
 }
 
 impl DataclassKind {
@@ -91,11 +107,12 @@ impl DataclassKind {
     }
 
     pub(super) const fn is_attrs(self) -> bool {
-        matches!(self, DataclassKind::Attrs)
+        matches!(self, DataclassKind::Attrs(..))
     }
 }
 
-/// Return the kind of dataclass this class definition is (stdlib or `attrs`), or `None` if the class is not a dataclass.
+/// Return the kind of dataclass this class definition is (stdlib or `attrs`),
+/// or `None` if the class is not a dataclass.
 pub(super) fn dataclass_kind(
     class_def: &ast::StmtClassDef,
     semantic: &SemanticModel,
@@ -112,7 +129,39 @@ pub(super) fn dataclass_kind(
         };
 
         match qualified_name.segments() {
-            ["attrs", "define" | "frozen"] | ["attr", "s"] => return Some(DataclassKind::Attrs),
+            ["attrs", func @ ("define" | "frozen" | "mutable")] | ["attr", func @ "s"] => {
+                // `.define`, `.frozen` and `.mutable` all default `auto_attribs` to `None`,
+                // whereas `@attr.s` implicitly sets `auto_attribs=False`.
+                // https://www.attrs.org/en/stable/api.html#attrs.define
+                // https://www.attrs.org/en/stable/api-attr.html#attr.s
+                let Expr::Call(ExprCall { arguments, .. }) = &decorator.expression else {
+                    let auto_attribs = if *func == "s" {
+                        AttrsAutoAttribs::False
+                    } else {
+                        AttrsAutoAttribs::None
+                    };
+
+                    return Some(DataclassKind::Attrs(auto_attribs));
+                };
+
+                let Some(auto_attribs) = arguments.find_keyword("auto_attribs") else {
+                    return Some(DataclassKind::Attrs(AttrsAutoAttribs::None));
+                };
+
+                let auto_attribs = match &auto_attribs.value {
+                    Expr::BooleanLiteral(literal) => {
+                        if literal.value {
+                            AttrsAutoAttribs::True
+                        } else {
+                            AttrsAutoAttribs::False
+                        }
+                    }
+                    Expr::NoneLiteral(..) => AttrsAutoAttribs::None,
+                    _ => AttrsAutoAttribs::Unknown,
+                };
+
+                return Some(DataclassKind::Attrs(auto_attribs));
+            }
             ["dataclasses", "dataclass"] => return Some(DataclassKind::Stdlib),
             _ => continue,
         }

crates/ruff_linter/src/rules/ruff/snapshots/ruff_linter__rules__ruff__tests__preview__RUF009_RUF009_attrs.py.snap

@@ -2,16 +2,6 @@
 source: crates/ruff_linter/src/rules/ruff/mod.rs
 snapshot_kind: text
 ---
-RUF009_attrs.py:23:41: RUF009 Do not perform function call `default_function` in dataclass defaults
-   |
-21 | @attr.s
-22 | class A:
-23 |     hidden_mutable_default: list[int] = default_function()
-   |                                         ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ RUF009
-24 |     class_variable: typing.ClassVar[list[int]] = default_function()
-25 |     another_class_var: ClassVar[list[int]] = default_function()
-   |
-
 RUF009_attrs.py:46:41: RUF009 Do not perform function call `default_function` in dataclass defaults
    |
 44 | @define

crates/ruff_linter/src/rules/ruff/snapshots/ruff_linter__rules__ruff__tests__preview__RUF009_RUF009_attrs_auto_attribs.py.snap

@@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
+---
+source: crates/ruff_linter/src/rules/ruff/mod.rs
+snapshot_kind: text
+---
+RUF009_attrs_auto_attribs.py:12:14: RUF009 Do not perform function call `foo` in dataclass defaults
+   |
+10 |     a: str = 0
+11 |     b = field()
+12 |     c: int = foo()
+   |              ^^^^^ RUF009
+13 |     d = list()
+   |
+
+RUF009_attrs_auto_attribs.py:20:14: RUF009 Do not perform function call `foo` in dataclass defaults
+   |
+18 |     a: str = 0
+19 |     b = field()
+20 |     c: int = foo()
+   |              ^^^^^ RUF009
+21 |     d = list()
+   |
+
+RUF009_attrs_auto_attribs.py:28:14: RUF009 Do not perform function call `foo` in dataclass defaults
+   |
+26 |     a: str = 0
+27 |     b = field()
+28 |     c: int = foo()
+   |              ^^^^^ RUF009
+29 |     d = list()
+   |
+
+RUF009_attrs_auto_attribs.py:36:14: RUF009 Do not perform function call `foo` in dataclass defaults
+   |
+34 |     a: str = 0
+35 |     b = field()
+36 |     c: int = foo()
+   |              ^^^^^ RUF009
+37 |     d = list()
+   |
+
+RUF009_attrs_auto_attribs.py:44:14: RUF009 Do not perform function call `foo` in dataclass defaults
+   |
+42 |     a: str = 0
+43 |     b = field()
+44 |     c: int = foo()
+   |              ^^^^^ RUF009
+45 |     d = list()
+   |
+
+RUF009_attrs_auto_attribs.py:52:14: RUF009 Do not perform function call `foo` in dataclass defaults
+   |
+50 |     a: str = 0
+51 |     b = field()
+52 |     c: int = foo()
+   |              ^^^^^ RUF009
+53 |     d = list()
+   |
+
+RUF009_attrs_auto_attribs.py:60:14: RUF009 Do not perform function call `foo` in dataclass defaults
+   |
+58 |     a: str = 0
+59 |     b = field()
+60 |     c: int = foo()
+   |              ^^^^^ RUF009
+61 |     d = list()
+   |
+
+RUF009_attrs_auto_attribs.py:68:14: RUF009 Do not perform function call `foo` in dataclass defaults
+   |
+66 |     a: str = 0
+67 |     b = field()
+68 |     c: int = foo()
+   |              ^^^^^ RUF009
+69 |     d = list()
+   |
+
+RUF009_attrs_auto_attribs.py:76:14: RUF009 Do not perform function call `foo` in dataclass defaults
+   |
+74 |     a: str = 0
+75 |     b = field()
+76 |     c: int = foo()
+   |              ^^^^^ RUF009
+77 |     d = list()
+   |
+
+RUF009_attrs_auto_attribs.py:92:14: RUF009 Do not perform function call `foo` in dataclass defaults
+   |
+90 |     a: str = 0
+91 |     b = field()
+92 |     c: int = foo()
+   |              ^^^^^ RUF009
+93 |     d = list()
+   |
+
+RUF009_attrs_auto_attribs.py:100:14: RUF009 Do not perform function call `foo` in dataclass defaults
+    |
+ 98 |     a: str = 0
+ 99 |     b = field()
+100 |     c: int = foo()
+    |              ^^^^^ RUF009
+101 |     d = list()
+    |