[`flake8-simplify`] Fix truthiness assumption for non-iterable arguments in tuple/list/set calls (`SIM222`, `SIM223`) (#21479)

## Summary

Fixes false positives in SIM222 and SIM223 where truthiness was
incorrectly assumed for `tuple(x)`, `list(x)`, `set(x)` when `x` is not
iterable.

Fixes #21473.

## Problem

`Truthiness::from_expr` recursively called itself on arguments to
iterable initializers (`tuple`, `list`, `set`) without checking if the
argument is iterable, causing false positives for cases like `tuple(0)
or True` and `tuple("") or True`.

## Approach

Added `is_definitely_not_iterable` helper and updated
`Truthiness::from_expr` to return `Unknown` for non-iterable arguments
(numbers, booleans, None) and string literals when called with iterable
initializers, preventing incorrect truthiness assumptions.

## Test Plan

Added test cases to `SIM222.py` and `SIM223.py` for `tuple("")`,
`tuple(0)`, `tuple(1)`, `tuple(False)`, and `tuple(None)` with `or True`
and `and False` patterns.

---------

Co-authored-by: Brent Westbrook <brentrwestbrook@gmail.com>

crates/ruff_linter/resources/test/fixtures/flake8_simplify/SIM222.py

@@ -216,3 +216,15 @@ def get_items_list():
 
 def get_items_set():
     return tuple({item for item in items}) or None  # OK
+
+
+# https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/issues/21473
+tuple("") or True  # SIM222
+tuple(t"") or True  # OK
+tuple(0) or True  # OK
+tuple(1) or True  # OK
+tuple(False) or True  # OK
+tuple(None) or True  # OK
+tuple(...) or True  # OK
+tuple(lambda x: x) or True  # OK
+tuple(x for x in range(0)) or True  # OK

crates/ruff_linter/resources/test/fixtures/flake8_simplify/SIM223.py

@@ -157,3 +157,15 @@ print(f"{1}{''}" and "bar")
 
 # https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/issues/7127
 def f(a: "'' and 'b'"): ...
+
+
+# https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/issues/21473
+tuple("") and False  # SIM223
+tuple(t"") and False  # OK
+tuple(0) and False  # OK
+tuple(1) and False  # OK
+tuple(False) and False  # OK
+tuple(None) and False  # OK
+tuple(...) and False  # OK
+tuple(lambda x: x) and False  # OK
+tuple(x for x in range(0)) and False  # OK

crates/ruff_linter/src/rules/flake8_simplify/snapshots/ruff_linter__rules__flake8_simplify__tests__SIM222_SIM222.py.snap

@@ -1144,3 +1144,23 @@ help: Replace with `(i for i in range(1))`
 208 | # https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/issues/21136
 209 | def get_items():
 note: This is an unsafe fix and may change runtime behavior
+
+SIM222 [*] Use `True` instead of `... or True`
+   --> SIM222.py:222:1
+    |
+221 | # https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/issues/21473
+222 | tuple("") or True  # SIM222
+    | ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+223 | tuple(t"") or True  # OK
+224 | tuple(0) or True  # OK
+    |
+help: Replace with `True`
+219 | 
+220 | 
+221 | # https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/issues/21473
+    - tuple("") or True  # SIM222
+222 + True  # SIM222
+223 | tuple(t"") or True  # OK
+224 | tuple(0) or True  # OK
+225 | tuple(1) or True  # OK
+note: This is an unsafe fix and may change runtime behavior

crates/ruff_linter/src/rules/flake8_simplify/snapshots/ruff_linter__rules__flake8_simplify__tests__SIM223_SIM223.py.snap

@@ -1025,3 +1025,23 @@ help: Replace with `f"{''}{''}"`
 156 | 
 157 | 
 note: This is an unsafe fix and may change runtime behavior
+
+SIM223 [*] Use `tuple("")` instead of `tuple("") and ...`
+   --> SIM223.py:163:1
+    |
+162 | # https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/issues/21473
+163 | tuple("") and False  # SIM223
+    | ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+164 | tuple(t"") and False  # OK
+165 | tuple(0) and False  # OK
+    |
+help: Replace with `tuple("")`
+160 | 
+161 | 
+162 | # https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/issues/21473
+    - tuple("") and False  # SIM223
+163 + tuple("")  # SIM223
+164 | tuple(t"") and False  # OK
+165 | tuple(0) and False  # OK
+166 | tuple(1) and False  # OK
+note: This is an unsafe fix and may change runtime behavior

crates/ruff_python_ast/src/helpers.rs

@@ -1322,14 +1322,22 @@ impl Truthiness {
                             && arguments.keywords.is_empty()
                         {
                             // Ex) `list([1, 2, 3])`
-                            // For tuple(generator), we can't determine statically if the result will
+                            match argument {
-                            // be empty or not, so return Unknown. The generator itself is truthy, but
+                                // Return Unknown for types with definite truthiness that might
-                            // tuple(empty_generator) is falsy. ListComp and SetComp are handled by
+                                // result in empty iterables (t-strings and generators) or will
-                            // recursing into Self::from_expr below, which returns Unknown for them.
+                                // raise a type error (non-iterable types like numbers, booleans,
-                            if argument.is_generator_expr() {
+                                // None, etc.).
-                                Self::Unknown
+                                Expr::NumberLiteral(_)
-                            } else {
+                                | Expr::BooleanLiteral(_)
-                                Self::from_expr(argument, is_builtin)
+                                | Expr::NoneLiteral(_)
+                                | Expr::EllipsisLiteral(_)
+                                | Expr::TString(_)
+                                | Expr::Lambda(_)
+                                | Expr::Generator(_) => Self::Unknown,
+                                // Recurse for all other types - collections, comprehensions, variables, etc.
+                                // StringLiteral, FString, and BytesLiteral recurse because Self::from_expr
+                                // correctly handles their truthiness (checking if empty or not).
+                                _ => Self::from_expr(argument, is_builtin),
                             }
                         } else {
                             Self::Unknown