---
source: crates/ruff_python_formatter/tests/fixtures.rs
input_file: crates/ruff_python_formatter/resources/test/fixtures/ruff/newlines.py
---
## Input
```python
###
# Blank lines around functions
###
import sys

x = 1

# comment

def f():
    pass


if True:
    x = 1

# comment

def f():
    pass


x = 1



# comment

def f():
    pass


x = 1



# comment
def f():
    pass


x = 1

# comment

# comment
def f():
    pass

x = 1

# comment
# comment

def f():
    pass

x = 1

# comment
# comment
def f():
    pass


x = 1


# comment



# comment



def f():
    pass
# comment


def f():
    pass

# comment

def f():
    pass


# comment

###
# Blank lines around imports.
###

def f():
    import x
    # comment
    import y


def f():
    import x

    # comment
    import y


def f():
    import x
    # comment

    import y


def f():
    import x
    # comment


    import y


def f():
    import x


    # comment
    import y


def f():
    import x

    # comment

    import y


def f():
    import x  # comment
    # comment

    import y


def f(): pass  # comment
# comment

x = 1


def f():
    pass




# comment

x = 1


def f():
    if True:

        def double(s):
            return s + s
    print("below function")
    if True:

        class A:
            x = 1
    print("below class")
    if True:

        def double(s):
            return s + s
        #
    print("below comment function")
    if True:

        class A:
            x = 1
        #
    print("below comment class")
    if True:

        def double(s):
            return s + s
    #
    print("below comment function 2")
    if True:

        def double(s):
            return s + s
            #
    def outer():
        def inner():
            pass
    print("below nested functions")

if True:

    def double(s):
        return s + s
print("below function")
if True:

    class A:
        x = 1
print("below class")
def outer():
    def inner():
        pass
print("below nested functions")


class Path:
    if sys.version_info >= (3, 11):
        def joinpath(self): ...

    # The .open method comes from pathlib.pyi and should be kept in sync.
    @overload
    def open(self): ...




def fakehttp():

    class FakeHTTPConnection:
        if mock_close:
            def close(self):
                pass
    FakeHTTPConnection.fakedata = fakedata





if True:
    if False:
        def x():
            def y():
                pass
        #comment
    print()


if True:
    def a():
        return 1
else:
    pass

if True:
    # fmt: off
    def a():
        return 1
    # fmt: on
else:
    pass

match True:
    case 1:
        def a():
            return 1
    case 1:
        def a():
            return 1

try:
    def a():
        return 1
except RuntimeError:
    def a():
        return 1

try:
    def a():
        return 1
finally:
    def a():
        return 1

try:
    def a():
        return 1
except RuntimeError:
    def a():
        return 1
except ZeroDivisionError:
    def a():
        return 1
else:
    def a():
        return 1
finally:
    def a():
        return 1

if raw:
    def show_file(lines):
        for line in lines:
            pass
            # Trailing comment not on function or class

else:
    pass


# NOTE: Please keep this the last block in this file. This tests that we don't insert
# empty line(s) at the end of the file due to nested function
if True:
    def nested_trailing_function():
        pass


def overload1(): ...  # trailing comment
def overload1(a: int): ...

def overload2(): ...  # trailing comment

def overload2(a: int): ...

def overload3():
    ...
    # trailing comment
def overload3(a: int): ...

def overload4():
    ...
    # trailing comment

def overload4(a: int): ...


# In preview, we preserve these newlines at the start of functions:
def preserved1():

    return 1

def preserved2():

    pass

def preserved3():

    def inner(): ...

def preserved4():

    def inner():
        print("with a body")
        return 1

    return 2

def preserved5():

    ...
    # trailing comment prevents collapsing the stub


def preserved6():

    # Comment

    return 1


def preserved7():

    # comment
    # another line
    # and a third

    return 0


def preserved8():  # this also prevents collapsing the stub

    ...


# But we still discard these newlines:
def removed1():

    "Docstring"

    return 1


def removed2():

    ...


def removed3():

    ...  # trailing same-line comment does not prevent collapsing the stub


# And we discard empty lines after the first:
def partially_preserved1():


    return 1


# We only preserve blank lines, not add new ones
def untouched1():
    # comment

    return 0


def untouched2():
    # comment
    return 0


def untouched3():
    # comment
    # another line
    # and a third

    return 0
```

## Output
```python
###
# Blank lines around functions
###
import sys

x = 1

# comment


def f():
    pass


if True:
    x = 1

# comment


def f():
    pass


x = 1


# comment


def f():
    pass


x = 1


# comment
def f():
    pass


x = 1

# comment


# comment
def f():
    pass


x = 1

# comment
# comment


def f():
    pass


x = 1


# comment
# comment
def f():
    pass


x = 1


# comment


# comment


def f():
    pass


# comment


def f():
    pass


# comment


def f():
    pass


# comment

###
# Blank lines around imports.
###


def f():
    import x

    # comment
    import y


def f():
    import x

    # comment
    import y


def f():
    import x
    # comment

    import y


def f():
    import x
    # comment

    import y


def f():
    import x

    # comment
    import y


def f():
    import x

    # comment

    import y


def f():
    import x  # comment
    # comment

    import y


def f():
    pass  # comment


# comment

x = 1


def f():
    pass


# comment

x = 1


def f():
    if True:

        def double(s):
            return s + s

    print("below function")
    if True:

        class A:
            x = 1

    print("below class")
    if True:

        def double(s):
            return s + s

        #
    print("below comment function")
    if True:

        class A:
            x = 1

        #
    print("below comment class")
    if True:

        def double(s):
            return s + s

    #
    print("below comment function 2")
    if True:

        def double(s):
            return s + s
            #

    def outer():
        def inner():
            pass

    print("below nested functions")


if True:

    def double(s):
        return s + s


print("below function")
if True:

    class A:
        x = 1


print("below class")


def outer():
    def inner():
        pass


print("below nested functions")


class Path:
    if sys.version_info >= (3, 11):

        def joinpath(self): ...

    # The .open method comes from pathlib.pyi and should be kept in sync.
    @overload
    def open(self): ...


def fakehttp():
    class FakeHTTPConnection:
        if mock_close:

            def close(self):
                pass

    FakeHTTPConnection.fakedata = fakedata


if True:
    if False:

        def x():
            def y():
                pass

        # comment
    print()


if True:

    def a():
        return 1
else:
    pass

if True:
    # fmt: off
    def a():
        return 1
    # fmt: on
else:
    pass

match True:
    case 1:

        def a():
            return 1
    case 1:

        def a():
            return 1


try:

    def a():
        return 1
except RuntimeError:

    def a():
        return 1


try:

    def a():
        return 1
finally:

    def a():
        return 1


try:

    def a():
        return 1
except RuntimeError:

    def a():
        return 1
except ZeroDivisionError:

    def a():
        return 1
else:

    def a():
        return 1
finally:

    def a():
        return 1


if raw:

    def show_file(lines):
        for line in lines:
            pass
            # Trailing comment not on function or class

else:
    pass


# NOTE: Please keep this the last block in this file. This tests that we don't insert
# empty line(s) at the end of the file due to nested function
if True:

    def nested_trailing_function():
        pass


def overload1(): ...  # trailing comment
def overload1(a: int): ...


def overload2(): ...  # trailing comment


def overload2(a: int): ...


def overload3():
    ...
    # trailing comment


def overload3(a: int): ...


def overload4():
    ...
    # trailing comment


def overload4(a: int): ...


# In preview, we preserve these newlines at the start of functions:
def preserved1():
    return 1


def preserved2():
    pass


def preserved3():
    def inner(): ...


def preserved4():
    def inner():
        print("with a body")
        return 1

    return 2


def preserved5():
    ...
    # trailing comment prevents collapsing the stub


def preserved6():
    # Comment

    return 1


def preserved7():
    # comment
    # another line
    # and a third

    return 0


def preserved8():  # this also prevents collapsing the stub
    ...


# But we still discard these newlines:
def removed1():
    "Docstring"

    return 1


def removed2(): ...


def removed3(): ...  # trailing same-line comment does not prevent collapsing the stub


# And we discard empty lines after the first:
def partially_preserved1():
    return 1


# We only preserve blank lines, not add new ones
def untouched1():
    # comment

    return 0


def untouched2():
    # comment
    return 0


def untouched3():
    # comment
    # another line
    # and a third

    return 0
```


## Preview changes
```diff
--- Stable
+++ Preview
@@ -253,6 +253,7 @@
 
 
 def fakehttp():
+
     class FakeHTTPConnection:
         if mock_close:
 
@@ -277,6 +278,7 @@
 
     def a():
         return 1
+
 else:
     pass
 
@@ -293,6 +295,7 @@
 
         def a():
             return 1
+
     case 1:
 
         def a():
@@ -303,6 +306,7 @@
 
     def a():
         return 1
+
 except RuntimeError:
 
     def a():
@@ -313,6 +317,7 @@
 
     def a():
         return 1
+
 finally:
 
     def a():
@@ -323,18 +328,22 @@
 
     def a():
         return 1
+
 except RuntimeError:
 
     def a():
         return 1
+
 except ZeroDivisionError:
 
     def a():
         return 1
+
 else:
 
     def a():
         return 1
+
 finally:
 
     def a():
@@ -388,18 +397,22 @@
 
 # In preview, we preserve these newlines at the start of functions:
 def preserved1():
+
     return 1
 
 
 def preserved2():
+
     pass
 
 
 def preserved3():
+
     def inner(): ...
 
 
 def preserved4():
+
     def inner():
         print("with a body")
         return 1
@@ -408,17 +421,20 @@
 
 
 def preserved5():
+
     ...
     # trailing comment prevents collapsing the stub
 
 
 def preserved6():
+
     # Comment
 
     return 1
 
 
 def preserved7():
+
     # comment
     # another line
     # and a third
@@ -427,6 +443,7 @@
 
 
 def preserved8():  # this also prevents collapsing the stub
+
     ...
 
 
@@ -445,6 +462,7 @@
 
 # And we discard empty lines after the first:
 def partially_preserved1():
+
     return 1
 
 
```