Respect locked script preferences in `uv run --with` (#13283)

## Summary

Part of https://github.com/astral-sh/uv/issues/13173, but doesn't close
the issue. This just respects preferences if your script uses a
lockfile, since we already support that for locked _projects_.

crates/uv/src/commands/project/run.rs

@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ use uv_python::{
     VersionFileDiscoveryOptions,
 };
 use uv_requirements::{RequirementsSource, RequirementsSpecification};
-use uv_resolver::Lock;
+use uv_resolver::{Installable, Lock};
 use uv_scripts::Pep723Item;
 use uv_settings::PythonInstallMirrors;
 use uv_shell::runnable::WindowsRunnable;
@@ -187,6 +187,9 @@ hint: If you are running a script with `{}` in the shebang, you may need to incl
     // Initialize any output reporters.
     let download_reporter = PythonDownloadReporter::single(printer);
 
+    // The lockfile used for the base environment.
+    let mut base_lock: Option<(Lock, PathBuf)> = None;
+
     // Determine whether the command to execute is a PEP 723 script.
     let temp_dir;
     let script_interpreter = if let Some(script) = script {
@@ -318,6 +321,10 @@ hint: If you are running a script with `{}` in the shebang, you may need to incl
                 Err(err) => return Err(err.into()),
             }
 
+            // Respect any locked preferences when resolving `--with` dependencies downstream.
+            let install_path = target.install_path().to_path_buf();
+            base_lock = Some((lock, install_path));
+
             Some(environment.into_interpreter())
         } else {
             // If no lockfile is found, warn against `--locked` and `--frozen`.
@@ -443,9 +450,6 @@ hint: If you are running a script with `{}` in the shebang, you may need to incl
         None
     };
 
-    // The lockfile used for the base environment.
-    let mut lock: Option<(Lock, PathBuf)> = None;
-
     // Discover and sync the base environment.
     let workspace_cache = WorkspaceCache::default();
     let temp_dir;
@@ -659,7 +663,7 @@ hint: If you are running a script with `{}` in the shebang, you may need to incl
                 // If we're not syncing, we should still attempt to respect the locked preferences
                 // in any `--with` requirements.
                 if !isolated && !requirements.is_empty() {
-                    lock = LockTarget::from(project.workspace())
+                    base_lock = LockTarget::from(project.workspace())
                         .read()
                         .await
                         .ok()
@@ -802,7 +806,7 @@ hint: If you are running a script with `{}` in the shebang, you may need to incl
                     Err(err) => return Err(err.into()),
                 }
 
-                lock = Some((
+                base_lock = Some((
                     result.into_lock(),
                     project.workspace().install_path().to_owned(),
                 ));
@@ -901,13 +905,14 @@ hint: If you are running a script with `{}` in the shebang, you may need to incl
             debug!("Syncing ephemeral requirements");
 
             // Read the build constraints from the lock file.
-            let build_constraints = lock
+            let build_constraints = base_lock
                 .as_ref()
                 .map(|(lock, path)| lock.build_constraints(path));
 
             let result = CachedEnvironment::from_spec(
                 EnvironmentSpecification::from(spec).with_lock(
-                    lock.as_ref()
+                    base_lock
+                        .as_ref()
                         .map(|(lock, install_path)| (lock, install_path.as_ref())),
                 ),
                 build_constraints.unwrap_or_default(),

crates/uv/tests/it/run.rs

@@ -4983,3 +4983,98 @@ fn run_windows_legacy_scripts() -> Result<()> {
 
     Ok(())
 }
+
+/// If a `--with` requirement overlaps with a locked script requirement, respect the lockfile as a
+/// preference.
+///
+/// See: <https://github.com/astral-sh/uv/issues/13173>
+#[test]
+fn run_pep723_script_with_constraints_lock() -> Result<()> {
+    let context = TestContext::new("3.12");
+
+    let test_script = context.temp_dir.child("main.py");
+    test_script.write_str(indoc! { r#"
+        # /// script
+        # requires-python = ">=3.11"
+        # dependencies = [
+        #   "iniconfig<2",
+        # ]
+        # ///
+
+        import iniconfig
+
+        print("Hello, world!")
+       "#
+    })?;
+
+    // Explicitly lock the script.
+    uv_snapshot!(context.filters(), context.lock().arg("--script").arg("main.py"), @r###"
+    success: true
+    exit_code: 0
+    ----- stdout -----
+
+    ----- stderr -----
+    Resolved 1 package in [TIME]
+    "###);
+
+    let lock = context.read("main.py.lock");
+
+    insta::with_settings!({
+        filters => context.filters(),
+    }, {
+        assert_snapshot!(
+            lock, @r#"
+        version = 1
+        revision = 2
+        requires-python = ">=3.11"
+
+        [options]
+        exclude-newer = "2024-03-25T00:00:00Z"
+
+        [manifest]
+        requirements = [{ name = "iniconfig", specifier = "<2" }]
+
+        [[package]]
+        name = "iniconfig"
+        version = "1.1.1"
+        source = { registry = "https://pypi.org/simple" }
+        sdist = { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/23/a2/97899f6bd0e873fed3a7e67ae8d3a08b21799430fb4da15cfedf10d6e2c2/iniconfig-1.1.1.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:bc3af051d7d14b2ee5ef9969666def0cd1a000e121eaea580d4a313df4b37f32", size = 8104, upload-time = "2020-10-14T10:20:18.572Z" }
+        wheels = [
+            { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/9b/dd/b3c12c6d707058fa947864b67f0c4e0c39ef8610988d7baea9578f3c48f3/iniconfig-1.1.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:011e24c64b7f47f6ebd835bb12a743f2fbe9a26d4cecaa7f53bc4f35ee9da8b3", size = 4990, upload-time = "2020-10-16T17:37:23.05Z" },
+        ]
+        "#
+        );
+    });
+
+    let pyproject_toml = context.temp_dir.child("pyproject.toml");
+    pyproject_toml.write_str(indoc! { r#"
+        [project]
+        name = "foo"
+        version = "1.0.0"
+        requires-python = ">=3.10"
+        dependencies = [
+          "iniconfig",
+        ]
+        "#
+    })?;
+
+    uv_snapshot!(context.filters(), context.run().arg("--with").arg(".").arg("main.py"), @r"
+    success: true
+    exit_code: 0
+    ----- stdout -----
+    Hello, world!
+
+    ----- stderr -----
+    Resolved 1 package in [TIME]
+    Prepared 1 package in [TIME]
+    Installed 1 package in [TIME]
+     + iniconfig==1.1.1
+    Resolved 2 packages in [TIME]
+    Prepared 1 package in [TIME]
+    Installed 2 packages in [TIME]
+     + foo==1.0.0 (from file://[TEMP_DIR]/)
+     + iniconfig==1.1.1
+    ");
+
+    Ok(())
+}