Migrate to `zlib-rs` (again) (#11894)

## Summary

I believe `zlib-rs` is now a better choice on ARM and x86, so I'm just
going to assume it's a better choice everywhere. It's much easier to
build (removes our CMake dependency), and in my benchmarking, it's
substantially faster on ARM and faster or ~exactly even on my x86
Windows machine.

We migrated to `zlib-rs` once before (#9184); however, I later reverted
it as I learned that they were only doing compile-time feature
detection, and so `zlib-rs` was meaningfully slower on x86. They now
perform runtime feature detection:
https://trifectatech.org/blog/zlib-rs-is-faster-than-c/.

To benchmark, I wrote a script to create a local Simple API-compliant
registry (see the commit history) for a single package. Then I ran the
`install-cold` benchmark against that registry to install NumPy.

On ARM:

```
❯ uv run resolver --uv-pip-path ../../zlib-ng --uv-pip-path ../../zlib-rs \
        --benchmark install-cold \
        req.txt --warmup 10 --min-runs 30
Benchmark 1: ../../zlib-ng (install-cold)
  Time (mean ± σ):     165.7 ms ±  34.7 ms    [User: 64.4 ms, System: 93.2 ms]
  Range (min … max):   141.8 ms … 293.2 ms    30 runs

Benchmark 2: ../../zlib-rs (install-cold)
  Time (mean ± σ):     150.9 ms ±  16.2 ms    [User: 57.4 ms, System: 86.4 ms]
  Range (min … max):   135.3 ms … 202.4 ms    30 runs

Summary
  ../../zlib-rs (install-cold) ran
    1.10 ± 0.26 times faster than ../../zlib-ng (install-cold)
```

I benchmarked this about 100 times on my Windows machine and found it
difficult to conclude anything beyond "They're nearly the same". Here's
an example:

```
PS C:\Users\crmar\workspace\puffin> hyperfine --prepare "uv venv" "zlib-rs.exe pip sync ./scripts/benchmark/req.txt" "zlib-ng.exe pip sync ./scripts/benchmark/req.txt" "zlib-rs.exe pip sync ./scripts/benchmark/req.txt" "zlib-ng.exe pip sync ./scripts/benchmark/req.txt" --runs 10 --warmup 5
Benchmark 1: zlib-rs.exe pip sync ./scripts/benchmark/req.txt
  Time (mean ± σ):     240.6 ms ±  10.8 ms    [User: 6.1 ms, System: 92.2 ms]
  Range (min … max):   229.4 ms … 267.9 ms    10 runs

Benchmark 2: zlib-ng.exe pip sync ./scripts/benchmark/req.txt
  Time (mean ± σ):     241.3 ms ±   6.2 ms    [User: 7.7 ms, System: 90.6 ms]
  Range (min … max):   233.9 ms … 252.1 ms    10 runs

Benchmark 3: zlib-rs.exe pip sync ./scripts/benchmark/req.txt
  Time (mean ± σ):     242.8 ms ±   7.7 ms    [User: 6.2 ms, System: 23.4 ms]
  Range (min … max):   236.1 ms … 262.8 ms    10 runs

Benchmark 4: zlib-ng.exe pip sync ./scripts/benchmark/req.txt
  Time (mean ± σ):     245.9 ms ±   5.7 ms    [User: 1.5 ms, System: 59.4 ms]
  Range (min … max):   240.9 ms … 257.3 ms    10 runs

Summary
  zlib-rs.exe pip sync ./scripts/benchmark/req.txt ran
    1.00 ± 0.05 times faster than zlib-ng.exe pip sync ./scripts/benchmark/req.txt
    1.01 ± 0.06 times faster than zlib-rs.exe pip sync ./scripts/benchmark/req.txt
    1.02 ± 0.05 times faster than zlib-ng.exe pip sync ./scripts/benchmark/req.txt
```

Closes #11885.

CONTRIBUTING.md

@@ -8,31 +8,14 @@ which are good opportunities for new contributors.
 
 ## Setup
 
-[Rust](https://rustup.rs/), a C compiler, and CMake are required to build uv.
+[Rust](https://rustup.rs/) (and a C compiler) are required to build uv.
 
-### Linux
+On Ubuntu and other Debian-based distributions, you can install a C compiler with:
-
-On Ubuntu and other Debian-based distributions, you can install the C compiler and CMake with:
 
 ```shell
-sudo apt install build-essential cmake
+sudo apt install build-essential
 ```
 
-### macOS
-
-You can install CMake with Homebrew:
-
-```shell
-brew install cmake
-```
-
-See the [Python](#python) section for instructions on installing the Python versions.
-
-### Windows
-
-You can install CMake from the [installers](https://cmake.org/download/) or with
-`pipx install cmake`.
-
 ## Testing
 
 For running tests, we recommend [nextest](https://nexte.st/).

Cargo.lock

@@ -645,15 +645,6 @@ version = "0.7.4"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "f46ad14479a25103f283c0f10005961cf086d8dc42205bb44c46ac563475dca6"
 
-[[package]]
-name = "cmake"
-version = "0.1.53"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "e24a03c8b52922d68a1589ad61032f2c1aa5a8158d2aa0d93c6e9534944bbad6"
-dependencies = [
- "cc",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "codspeed"
 version = "2.8.1"
@@ -1126,7 +1117,6 @@ source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "11faaf5a5236997af9848be0bef4db95824b1d534ebc64d0f0c6cf3e67bd38dc"
 dependencies = [
  "crc32fast",
- "libz-ng-sys",
  "libz-rs-sys",
  "miniz_oxide",
 ]
@@ -2055,16 +2045,6 @@ dependencies = [
  "redox_syscall 0.5.8",
 ]
 
-[[package]]
-name = "libz-ng-sys"
-version = "1.1.16"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "4436751a01da56f1277f323c80d584ffad94a3d14aecd959dd0dff75aa73a438"
-dependencies = [
- "cmake",
- "libc",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "libz-rs-sys"
 version = "0.4.2"
@@ -4581,7 +4561,6 @@ dependencies = [
  "uv-normalize",
  "uv-pep440",
  "uv-pep508",
- "uv-performance-flate2-backend",
  "uv-performance-memory-allocator",
  "uv-platform-tags",
  "uv-publish",
@@ -4926,7 +4905,6 @@ dependencies = [
  "uv-macros",
  "uv-options-metadata",
  "uv-pep508",
- "uv-performance-flate2-backend",
  "uv-performance-memory-allocator",
  "uv-pypi-types",
  "uv-python",
@@ -5336,14 +5314,6 @@ dependencies = [
  "version-ranges",
 ]
 
-[[package]]
-name = "uv-performance-flate2-backend"
-version = "0.1.0"
-dependencies = [
- "flate2",
- "libz-ng-sys",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "uv-performance-memory-allocator"
 version = "0.1.0"

Cargo.toml

@@ -7,7 +7,6 @@ exclude = [
   # Only used to pull in features, allocators, etc. — we specifically don't want them
   # to be part of a workspace-wide cargo check, cargo clippy, etc.
   "crates/uv-performance-memory-allocator",
-  "crates/uv-performance-flate2-backend",
 ]
 resolver = "2"
 
@@ -100,7 +99,7 @@ dunce = { version = "1.0.5" }
 either = { version = "1.13.0" }
 encoding_rs_io = { version = "0.1.7" }
 etcetera = { version = "0.9.0" }
-flate2 = { version = "1.0.33", default-features = false }
+flate2 = { version = "1.0.33", default-features = false, features = ["zlib-rs"] }
 fs-err = { version = "3.0.0", features = ["tokio"] }
 fs2 = { version = "0.4.3" }
 futures = { version = "0.3.30" }

crates/uv-dev/Cargo.toml

@@ -54,7 +54,6 @@ tokio = { workspace = true }
 tracing = { workspace = true }
 tracing-durations-export = { workspace = true, features = ["plot"] }
 tracing-subscriber = { workspace = true }
-uv-performance-flate2-backend = { path = "../uv-performance-flate2-backend", optional = true }
 uv-performance-memory-allocator = { path = "../uv-performance-memory-allocator", optional = true }
 walkdir = { workspace = true }
 
@@ -72,12 +71,10 @@ default = ["performance"]
 dev = []
 performance = [
   "performance-memory-allocator",
-  "performance-flate2-backend",
   "uv-extract/performance"
 ]
 performance-memory-allocator = ["dep:uv-performance-memory-allocator"]
-performance-flate2-backend = ["dep:uv-performance-flate2-backend"]
 render = ["poloto", "resvg", "tagu"]
 
 [package.metadata.cargo-shear]
-ignored = ["flate2", "uv-extract", "uv-performance-memory-allocator", "uv-performance-flate2-backend"]
+ignored = ["flate2", "uv-extract", "uv-performance-memory-allocator"]

crates/uv-performance-flate2-backend/Cargo.lock

@@ -1,108 +0,0 @@
-# This file is automatically @generated by Cargo.
-# It is not intended for manual editing.
-version = 4
-
-[[package]]
-name = "adler2"
-version = "2.0.0"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "512761e0bb2578dd7380c6baaa0f4ce03e84f95e960231d1dec8bf4d7d6e2627"
-
-[[package]]
-name = "cc"
-version = "1.2.7"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "a012a0df96dd6d06ba9a1b29d6402d1a5d77c6befd2566afdc26e10603dc93d7"
-dependencies = [
- "shlex",
-]
-
-[[package]]
-name = "cfg-if"
-version = "1.0.0"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "baf1de4339761588bc0619e3cbc0120ee582ebb74b53b4efbf79117bd2da40fd"
-
-[[package]]
-name = "cmake"
-version = "0.1.52"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "c682c223677e0e5b6b7f63a64b9351844c3f1b1678a68b7ee617e30fb082620e"
-dependencies = [
- "cc",
-]
-
-[[package]]
-name = "crc32fast"
-version = "1.4.2"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "a97769d94ddab943e4510d138150169a2758b5ef3eb191a9ee688de3e23ef7b3"
-dependencies = [
- "cfg-if",
-]
-
-[[package]]
-name = "flate2"
-version = "1.1.0"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "11faaf5a5236997af9848be0bef4db95824b1d534ebc64d0f0c6cf3e67bd38dc"
-dependencies = [
- "crc32fast",
- "libz-ng-sys",
- "libz-rs-sys",
- "miniz_oxide",
-]
-
-[[package]]
-name = "libc"
-version = "0.2.169"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "b5aba8db14291edd000dfcc4d620c7ebfb122c613afb886ca8803fa4e128a20a"
-
-[[package]]
-name = "libz-ng-sys"
-version = "1.1.16"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "4436751a01da56f1277f323c80d584ffad94a3d14aecd959dd0dff75aa73a438"
-dependencies = [
- "cmake",
- "libc",
-]
-
-[[package]]
-name = "libz-rs-sys"
-version = "0.4.2"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "902bc563b5d65ad9bba616b490842ef0651066a1a1dc3ce1087113ffcb873c8d"
-dependencies = [
- "zlib-rs",
-]
-
-[[package]]
-name = "miniz_oxide"
-version = "0.8.5"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "8e3e04debbb59698c15bacbb6d93584a8c0ca9cc3213cb423d31f760d8843ce5"
-dependencies = [
- "adler2",
-]
-
-[[package]]
-name = "shlex"
-version = "1.3.0"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "0fda2ff0d084019ba4d7c6f371c95d8fd75ce3524c3cb8fb653a3023f6323e64"
-
-[[package]]
-name = "uv-performance-flate2-backend"
-version = "0.1.0"
-dependencies = [
- "flate2",
- "libz-ng-sys",
-]
-
-[[package]]
-name = "zlib-rs"
-version = "0.4.2"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "8b20717f0917c908dc63de2e44e97f1e6b126ca58d0e391cee86d504eb8fbd05"

crates/uv-performance-flate2-backend/Cargo.toml

@@ -1,18 +0,0 @@
-[package]
-name = "uv-performance-flate2-backend"
-version = "0.1.0"
-publish = false
-edition = "2021"
-
-[lib]
-doctest = false
-
-# Use `zlib-ng` on all supported platforms.
-[target.'cfg(not(any(target_arch = "s390x", target_arch = "powerpc64", target_os = "freebsd")))'.dependencies]
-flate2 = { version = "1.0.28", default-features = false, features = ["zlib-ng"] }
-# See: https://github.com/rust-lang/libz-sys/issues/225
-libz-ng-sys = { version = "<1.1.20" }
-
-# Use `zlib-rs` everywhere else.
-[target.'cfg(any(target_arch = "s390x", target_arch = "powerpc64", target_os = "freebsd"))'.dependencies]
-flate2 = { version = "1.0.28", default-features = false, features = ["zlib-rs"] }

crates/uv-performance-flate2-backend/src/lib.rs

@@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
-//! The sole purpose of this crate is to enable one of
-//! `flate2/zlib-ng` (on most platforms) or `flate2/rust_backend`
-//! (on s390x, powerpc64, etc. — anywhere libz-ng doesn't build)
-//!
-//! See `Cargo.toml`

crates/uv/Cargo.toml

@@ -37,7 +37,6 @@ uv-installer = { workspace = true }
 uv-normalize = { workspace = true }
 uv-pep440 = { workspace = true }
 uv-pep508 = { workspace = true }
-uv-performance-flate2-backend = { path = "../uv-performance-flate2-backend", optional = true }
 uv-performance-memory-allocator = { path = "../uv-performance-memory-allocator", optional = true }
 uv-platform-tags = { workspace = true }
 uv-publish = { workspace = true }
@@ -130,7 +129,6 @@ nix = { workspace = true }
 ignored = [
     "flate2",
     "uv-performance-memory-allocator",
-    "uv-performance-flate2-backend",
 ]
 
 [features]
@@ -138,11 +136,9 @@ default = ["python", "python-managed", "pypi", "git", "performance", "crates-io"
 # Use better memory allocators, etc.
 performance = [
     "performance-memory-allocator",
-    "performance-flate2-backend",
     "uv-distribution/performance",
 ]
 performance-memory-allocator = ["dep:uv-performance-memory-allocator"]
-performance-flate2-backend = ["dep:uv-performance-flate2-backend"]
 tracing-durations-export = ["dep:tracing-durations-export", "uv-resolver/tracing-durations-export"]
 
 # Introduces a dependency on a local Python installation.

pyproject.toml

@@ -49,7 +49,6 @@ include = [
     { path = "rust-toolchain.toml", format = ["sdist", "wheel"] },
     # this one isn't discovered by maturin because it's behind a feature flag
     { path = "crates/uv-performance-memory-allocator/**/*", format = ["sdist", "wheel"] },
-    { path = "crates/uv-performance-flate2-backend/**/*", format = ["sdist", "wheel"] },
     { path = "crates/uv-trampoline/trampolines/*", format = "sdist" },
     { path = "LICENSE-APACHE", format = "sdist" },
     { path = "LICENSE-MIT", format = "sdist" },