With pubgrub being fast for complex ranges, we can now compute the next
n candidates without taking a performance hit. This speeds up cold cache
`urllib3<1.25.4` `boto3` from maybe 40s - 50s to ~2s. See docstrings for
details on the heuristics.
**Before**

**After**

---
We need two parts of the prefetching, first looking for compatible
version and then falling back to flat next versions. After we selected a
boto3 version, there is only one compatible botocore version remaining,
so when won't find other compatible candidates for prefetching. We see
this as a pattern where we only prefetch boto3 (stack bars), but not
botocore (sequential requests between the stacked bars).

The risk is that we're completely wrong with the guess and cause a lot
of useless network requests. I think this is acceptable since this
mechanism only triggers when we're already on the bad path and we should
simply have fetched all versions after some seconds (assuming a fast
index like pypi).
---
It would be even better if the pubgrub state was copy-on-write so we
could simulate more progress than we actually have; currently we're
guessing what the next version is which could be completely wrong, but i
think this is still a valuable heuristic.
Fixes#170.
## Summary
Is this, perhaps, not totally necessary? It doesn't show up in any
fixtures beyond those that I added recently.
Closes https://github.com/astral-sh/uv/issues/2846.
## Summary
Demonstrates some suboptimal behavior in how we handle invalid metadata,
which are fixed in https://github.com/astral-sh/uv/pull/2834.
The included wheels were modified by-hand to include invalid structures.
Batch prefetching needs more information from the candidate selector, so
i've split `select` into methods. Split out from #2452. No functional
changes.
## Summary
In working on `--require-hashes`, I noticed that we're missing some
incompatibility tracking for `--find-links` distributions. Specifically,
we don't respect `--no-build` or `--no-binary`, so if we select a wheel
due to `--find-links`, we then throw a hard error when trying to build
it later (if `--no-binary` is provided), rather than selecting the
source distribution instead.
Closes https://github.com/astral-sh/uv/issues/2827.
## Summary
If we're given a Git reference like `20240222`, we currently treat it as
a short commit hash. However... it _could_ be a branch or a tag. This PR
improves the Git reference logic to ensure that ambiguous references
like `20240222` are handled appropriately, by attempting to extract it
as a branch, then a tag, then a short commit hash.
Closes https://github.com/astral-sh/uv/issues/2772.
## Summary
Upgrading `rs-async-zip` enables us to support data descriptors in
streaming. This both greatly improves performance for indexes that use
data descriptors _and_ ensures that we support them in a few other
places (e.g., zipped source distributions created in Finder).
Closes#2808.
## Summary
This partially revives https://github.com/astral-sh/uv/pull/2135 (with
some modifications) to enable users to opt-in to looking for packages
across multiple indexes.
The behavior is such that, in version selection, we take _any_
compatible version from a "higher-priority" index over the compatible
versions of a "lower-priority" index, even if that means we might accept
an "older" version.
Closes https://github.com/astral-sh/uv/issues/2775.
## Summary
This was an oversight in the `-r pyproject.toml` refactor. We can't
enforce unused extras if we have a source tree. We made the correct
changes to `pip compile`, but not `pip install`. This PR just mirrors
those changes to `pip install`, and adds a few tests.
Closes https://github.com/astral-sh/uv/issues/2801.