Part of https://github.com/astral-sh/uv/issues/4392
We shouldn't link to PyPI, and dropping the workspace-level
documentation link should mean that we get the auto-generated `docs.rs`
links.
Add support for `RUST_LOG` to the uv build backend. While we were
previously using logging statements in the uv build backend, they could
only be shown when when using the direct build fast path through uv, as
there was no tracing subscriber to write log messages out. This means no
debug logging when using the build backend through pip, `python -m
build`, an incompatible version of uv, or any other build frontend; No
option to figure why includes and excludes behave the way they do.
This PR closes this gap by adding a tracing subscriber. The only option
to enable it is `RUST_LOG`, as we don't have a CLI. The formatting style
is the same as for uv, and color is also support in the same way, albeit
only through anstream's support for TTYs and environment variables. We
recommend only `RUST_LOG=uv=debug` and `RUST_LOG=uv=verbose` in the
docs, but this can be used to debug into crates such as `glob`, too.
<img width="1008" height="325" alt="image"
src="https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/d33df219-750b-46a2-b3b4-8895aa137ab9"
/>
**Before**
```
$ pip wheel . -v [...]
Looking in links: /home/konsti/projects/uv/target/wheels/
Processing /home/konsti/projects/uv/scripts/packages/built-by-uv
Running command pip subprocess to install build dependencies
Looking in links: /home/konsti/projects/uv/target/wheels/
Processing /home/konsti/projects/uv/target/wheels/uv_build-0.8.13-py3-none-manylinux_2_39_x86_64.whl
Installing collected packages: uv_build
Successfully installed uv_build-0.8.13
Installing build dependencies ... done
Running command Getting requirements to build wheel
Getting requirements to build wheel ... done
Running command Preparing metadata (pyproject.toml)
Preparing metadata (pyproject.toml) ... done
Building wheels for collected packages: built-by-uv
Running command Building wheel for built-by-uv (pyproject.toml)
Error: Unsupported glob expression in: `tool.uv.build-backend.*-exclude`
Caused by:
Invalid character `!` at position 10 in glob: `**/build-*!$§%!½¼²¼³¬!§%$§%.h`. hint: Characters can be escaped with a backslash
error: subprocess-exited-with-error
× Building wheel for built-by-uv (pyproject.toml) did not run successfully.
│ exit code: 1
╰─> See above for output.
note: This error originates from a subprocess, and is likely not a problem with pip.
full command: /usr/bin/python3 /usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/pip/_vendor/pyproject_hooks/_in_process/_in_process.py build_wheel /tmp/tmpow1illc9
cwd: /home/konsti/projects/uv/scripts/packages/built-by-uv
Building wheel for built-by-uv (pyproject.toml) ... error
ERROR: Failed building wheel for built-by-uv
Failed to build built-by-uv
ERROR: Failed to build one or more wheels
```
**After**
```
$ RUST_LOG=uv=debug pip wheel . -v [...]
Looking in links: /home/konsti/projects/uv/target/wheels/
Processing /home/konsti/projects/uv/scripts/packages/built-by-uv
Running command pip subprocess to install build dependencies
Looking in links: /home/konsti/projects/uv/target/wheels/
Processing /home/konsti/projects/uv/target/wheels/uv_build-0.8.13-py3-none-manylinux_2_39_x86_64.whl
Installing collected packages: uv_build
Successfully installed uv_build-0.8.13
Installing build dependencies ... done
Running command Getting requirements to build wheel
Getting requirements to build wheel ... done
Running command Preparing metadata (pyproject.toml)
DEBUG Writing metadata files to /tmp/pip-modern-metadata-l_kh78cj
DEBUG Found PEP 639 license declarations, using METADATA 2.4
DEBUG License files match: `LICENSE-APACHE`
DEBUG License files match: `LICENSE-MIT`
DEBUG License files match: `third-party-licenses/PEP-401.txt`
Preparing metadata (pyproject.toml) ... done
Building wheels for collected packages: built-by-uv
Running command Building wheel for built-by-uv (pyproject.toml)
DEBUG Checking metadata directory /tmp/pip-modern-metadata-l_kh78cj/built_by_uv-0.1.0.dist-info
DEBUG Found PEP 639 license declarations, using METADATA 2.4
DEBUG License files match: `LICENSE-APACHE`
DEBUG License files match: `LICENSE-MIT`
DEBUG License files match: `third-party-licenses/PEP-401.txt`
DEBUG Writing wheel at /tmp/pip-wheel-bu6to9i7/built_by_uv-0.1.0-py3-none-any.whl
DEBUG Wheel excludes: ["__pycache__", "*.pyc", "*.pyo", "build-*!$§%!½¼²¼³¬!§%$§%.h", "/src/built_by_uv/not-packaged.txt"]
Error: Unsupported glob expression in: `tool.uv.build-backend.*-exclude`
Caused by:
Invalid character `!` at position 10 in glob: `**/build-*!$§%!½¼²¼³¬!§%$§%.h`. hint: Characters can be escaped with a backslash
error: subprocess-exited-with-error
× Building wheel for built-by-uv (pyproject.toml) did not run successfully.
│ exit code: 1
╰─> See above for output.
note: This error originates from a subprocess, and is likely not a problem with pip.
full command: /usr/bin/python3 /usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/pip/_vendor/pyproject_hooks/_in_process/_in_process.py build_wheel /tmp/tmpjrxou13a
cwd: /home/konsti/projects/uv/scripts/packages/built-by-uv
Building wheel for built-by-uv (pyproject.toml) ... error
ERROR: Failed building wheel for built-by-uv
Failed to build built-by-uv
ERROR: Failed to build one or more wheels
```
(There is no color in the above uv log statements, as pip doesn't
register as a TTY)
Fixes#12723
## Summary
This is causing some cyclic dependencies issues for me, because these
can be used in virtually _any_ crate (like `uv-install-wheel`), which
then means that all of `uv-configuration` becomes a dependency, etc. I
think this should be a leaf crate so that we can safely depend on it
anywhere.
## Summary
uv will now reject ZIP files that meet any of the following conditions:
- Multiple local header entries exist for the same file with different
contents.
- A local header entry exists for a file that isn't included in the
end-of-central directory record.
- An entry exists in the end-of-central directory record that does not
have a corresponding local header.
- The ZIP file contains contents after the first end-of-central
directory record.
- The CRC32 doesn't match between the local file header and the
end-of-central directory record.
- The compressed size doesn't match between the local file header and
the end-of-central directory record.
- The uncompressed size doesn't match between the local file header and
the end-of-central directory record.
- The reported central directory offset (in the end-of-central-directory
header) does not match the actual offset.
- The reported ZIP64 end of central directory locator offset does not
match the actual offset.
We also validate the above for files with data descriptors, which we
previously ignored.
Wheels from the most recent releases of the top 15,000 packages on PyPI
have been confirmed to pass these checks, and PyPI will also reject ZIPs
under many of the same conditions (at upload time) in the future.
In rare cases, this validation can be disabled by setting
`UV_INSECURE_NO_ZIP_VALIDATION=1`. Any validations should be reported to
the uv issue tracker and to the upstream package maintainer.
This PR contains the following updates:
| Package | Type | Update | Change |
|---|---|---|---|
| [markdown](https://redirect.github.com/wooorm/markdown-rs) |
dependencies | major | `0.3.0` -> `1.0.0` |
---
### Release Notes
<details>
<summary>wooorm/markdown-rs (markdown)</summary>
###
[`v1.0.0`](https://redirect.github.com/wooorm/markdown-rs/releases/tag/1.0.0)
💯
Nothing changed since the last alpha.
It’s just that: this crate’s now being used a bunch and working well, so
it’s time to be stable!
</details>
---
### Configuration
📅 **Schedule**: Branch creation - "before 4am on Monday" (UTC),
Automerge - At any time (no schedule defined).
🚦 **Automerge**: Disabled by config. Please merge this manually once you
are satisfied.
♻ **Rebasing**: Whenever PR becomes conflicted, or you tick the
rebase/retry checkbox.
🔕 **Ignore**: Close this PR and you won't be reminded about this update
again.
---
- [ ] <!-- rebase-check -->If you want to rebase/retry this PR, check
this box
---
This PR was generated by [Mend Renovate](https://mend.io/renovate/).
View the [repository job
log](https://developer.mend.io/github/astral-sh/uv).
<!--renovate-debug:eyJjcmVhdGVkSW5WZXIiOiIzOS4yNTcuMyIsInVwZGF0ZWRJblZlciI6IjM5LjI1Ny4zIiwidGFyZ2V0QnJhbmNoIjoibWFpbiIsImxhYmVscyI6WyJpbnRlcm5hbCJdfQ==-->
---------
Co-authored-by: renovate[bot] <29139614+renovate[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: konstin <konstin@mailbox.org>
#5577 fixed a bug on macos due to dynamically linking lzma/xz through
static linking. In #7686, this feature was moved to the performance
category.
This PR moves the `xz2/static` back to the general default features,
and, inspired by https://github.com/Homebrew/homebrew-core/pull/222211,
it structures and documents the feature flags cleaner.
We need to take care that this feature does not accidentally disable
features we want.
---------
Co-authored-by: Zanie Blue <contact@zanie.dev>
## Summary
I believe `zlib-rs` is now a better choice on ARM and x86, so I'm just
going to assume it's a better choice everywhere. It's much easier to
build (removes our CMake dependency), and in my benchmarking, it's
substantially faster on ARM and faster or ~exactly even on my x86
Windows machine.
We migrated to `zlib-rs` once before (#9184); however, I later reverted
it as I learned that they were only doing compile-time feature
detection, and so `zlib-rs` was meaningfully slower on x86. They now
perform runtime feature detection:
https://trifectatech.org/blog/zlib-rs-is-faster-than-c/.
To benchmark, I wrote a script to create a local Simple API-compliant
registry (see the commit history) for a single package. Then I ran the
`install-cold` benchmark against that registry to install NumPy.
On ARM:
```
❯ uv run resolver --uv-pip-path ../../zlib-ng --uv-pip-path ../../zlib-rs \
--benchmark install-cold \
req.txt --warmup 10 --min-runs 30
Benchmark 1: ../../zlib-ng (install-cold)
Time (mean ± σ): 165.7 ms ± 34.7 ms [User: 64.4 ms, System: 93.2 ms]
Range (min … max): 141.8 ms … 293.2 ms 30 runs
Benchmark 2: ../../zlib-rs (install-cold)
Time (mean ± σ): 150.9 ms ± 16.2 ms [User: 57.4 ms, System: 86.4 ms]
Range (min … max): 135.3 ms … 202.4 ms 30 runs
Summary
../../zlib-rs (install-cold) ran
1.10 ± 0.26 times faster than ../../zlib-ng (install-cold)
```
I benchmarked this about 100 times on my Windows machine and found it
difficult to conclude anything beyond "They're nearly the same". Here's
an example:
```
PS C:\Users\crmar\workspace\puffin> hyperfine --prepare "uv venv" "zlib-rs.exe pip sync ./scripts/benchmark/req.txt" "zlib-ng.exe pip sync ./scripts/benchmark/req.txt" "zlib-rs.exe pip sync ./scripts/benchmark/req.txt" "zlib-ng.exe pip sync ./scripts/benchmark/req.txt" --runs 10 --warmup 5
Benchmark 1: zlib-rs.exe pip sync ./scripts/benchmark/req.txt
Time (mean ± σ): 240.6 ms ± 10.8 ms [User: 6.1 ms, System: 92.2 ms]
Range (min … max): 229.4 ms … 267.9 ms 10 runs
Benchmark 2: zlib-ng.exe pip sync ./scripts/benchmark/req.txt
Time (mean ± σ): 241.3 ms ± 6.2 ms [User: 7.7 ms, System: 90.6 ms]
Range (min … max): 233.9 ms … 252.1 ms 10 runs
Benchmark 3: zlib-rs.exe pip sync ./scripts/benchmark/req.txt
Time (mean ± σ): 242.8 ms ± 7.7 ms [User: 6.2 ms, System: 23.4 ms]
Range (min … max): 236.1 ms … 262.8 ms 10 runs
Benchmark 4: zlib-ng.exe pip sync ./scripts/benchmark/req.txt
Time (mean ± σ): 245.9 ms ± 5.7 ms [User: 1.5 ms, System: 59.4 ms]
Range (min … max): 240.9 ms … 257.3 ms 10 runs
Summary
zlib-rs.exe pip sync ./scripts/benchmark/req.txt ran
1.00 ± 0.05 times faster than zlib-ng.exe pip sync ./scripts/benchmark/req.txt
1.01 ± 0.06 times faster than zlib-rs.exe pip sync ./scripts/benchmark/req.txt
1.02 ± 0.05 times faster than zlib-ng.exe pip sync ./scripts/benchmark/req.txt
```
Closes#11885.
In #6827, we switched the uv-dev binary to not being built by default.
As an unintended side effect, we were also stopping to run the tests
that ensured the schema was up-to-date.
To fix this, we split uv-dev into an unconditional library, with only
the binary being a conditional build. This way, `cargo test` and `cargo
nextest` pick those tests up again.
An alternative would be running tests with the `dev` feature, with the
side effect of always building the uv-dev binary, too.
Instead of always using all available threads for bytecode compilation,
respect `UV_CONCURRENT_INSTALLS`, so the parallelism is configurable
instead of hardcoded. We reuse the install limit since bytecode
compilation only runs after install.
Enable `lzma-sys/static` through the performance feature not only in uv,
but in uv-dev and uv-bench too, to avoid the system dependency on
`liblzma-dev`.
Ref #9880
## Summary
This PR declares and documents all environment variables that are used
in one way or another in `uv`, either internally, or externally, or
transitively under a common struct.
I think over time as uv has grown there's been many environment
variables introduced. Its harder to know which ones exists, which ones
are missing, what they're used for, or where are they used across the
code. The docs only documents a handful of them, for others you'd have
to dive into the code and inspect across crates to know which crates
they're used on or where they're relevant.
This PR is a starting attempt to unify them, make it easier to discover
which ones we have, and maybe unlock future posibilities in automating
generating documentation for them.
I think we can split out into multiple structs later to better organize,
but given the high influx of PR's and possibly new environment variables
introduced/re-used, it would be hard to try to organize them all now
into their proper namespaced struct while this is all happening given
merge conflicts and/or keeping up to date.
I don't think this has any impact on performance as they all should
still be inlined, although it may affect local build times on changes to
the environment vars as more crates would likely need a rebuild. Lastly,
some of them are declared but not used in the code, for example those in
`build.rs`. I left them declared because I still think it's useful to at
least have a reference.
Did I miss any? Are their initial docs cohesive?
Note, `uv-static` is a terrible name for a new crate, thoughts? Others
considered `uv-vars`, `uv-consts`.
## Test Plan
Existing tests
## Summary
This PR exposes uv's PEP 517 implementation via a `uv build` frontend,
such that you can use `uv build` to build source and binary
distributions (i.e., wheels and sdists) from a given directory.
There are some TODOs that I'll tackle in separate PRs:
- [x] Support building a wheel from a source distribution (rather than
from source) (#6898)
- [x] Stream the build output (#6912)
Closes https://github.com/astral-sh/uv/issues/1510
Closes https://github.com/astral-sh/uv/issues/1663.
Most times we compile with `cargo build`, we don't actually need
`uv-dev`. By making `uv-dev` dependent on a new `dev` feature, it
doesn't get built by default anymore, but only when passing `--features
dev`.
Hopefully a small improvement for compile times or at least system load.
Whew this is a lot.
The user-facing changes are:
- `uv toolchain` to `uv python` e.g. `uv python find`, `uv python
install`, ...
- `UV_TOOLCHAIN_DIR` to` UV_PYTHON_INSTALL_DIR`
- `<UV_STATE_DIR>/toolchains` to `<UV_STATE_DIR>/python` (with
[automatic
migration](https://github.com/astral-sh/uv/pull/4735/files#r1663029330))
- User-facing messages no longer refer to toolchains, instead using
"Python", "Python versions" or "Python installations"
The internal changes are:
- `uv-toolchain` crate to `uv-python`
- `Toolchain` no longer referenced in type names
- Dropped unused `SystemPython` type (previously replaced)
- Clarified the type names for "managed Python installations"
- (more little things)
## Summary
In a workspace, we now read configuration from the workspace root.
Previously, we read configuration from the first `pyproject.toml` or
`uv.toml` file in path -- but in a workspace, that would often be the
_project_ rather than the workspace configuration.
We need to read configuration from the workspace root, rather than its
members, because we lock the workspace globally, so all configuration
applies to the workspace globally.
As part of this change, the `uv-workspace` crate has been renamed to
`uv-settings` and its purpose has been narrowed significantly (it no
longer discovers a workspace; instead, it just reads the settings from a
directory).
If a user has a `uv.toml` in their directory or in a parent directory
but is _not_ in a workspace, we will still respect that use-case as
before.
Closes#4249.
Extends https://github.com/astral-sh/uv/pull/4121
Part of #2607
Adds support for managed toolchain fetching to `uv venv`, e.g.
```
❯ cargo run -q -- venv --python 3.9.18 --preview -v
DEBUG Searching for Python 3.9.18 in search path or managed toolchains
DEBUG Searching for managed toolchains at `/Users/zb/Library/Application Support/uv/toolchains`
DEBUG Found CPython 3.12.3 at `/opt/homebrew/bin/python3` (search path)
DEBUG Found CPython 3.9.6 at `/usr/bin/python3` (search path)
DEBUG Found CPython 3.12.3 at `/opt/homebrew/bin/python3` (search path)
DEBUG Requested Python not found, checking for available download...
DEBUG Using registry request timeout of 30s
INFO Fetching requested toolchain...
DEBUG Downloading https://github.com/indygreg/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20240224/cpython-3.9.18%2B20240224-aarch64-apple-darwin-pgo%2Blto-full.tar.zst to temporary location /Users/zb/Library/Application Support/uv/toolchains/.tmpgohKwp
DEBUG Extracting cpython-3.9.18%2B20240224-aarch64-apple-darwin-pgo%2Blto-full.tar.zst
DEBUG Moving /Users/zb/Library/Application Support/uv/toolchains/.tmpgohKwp/python to /Users/zb/Library/Application Support/uv/toolchains/cpython-3.9.18-macos-aarch64-none
Using Python 3.9.18 interpreter at: /Users/zb/Library/Application Support/uv/toolchains/cpython-3.9.18-macos-aarch64-none/install/bin/python3
Creating virtualenv at: .venv
INFO Removing existing directory
Activate with: source .venv/bin/activate
```
The preview flag is required. The fetch is performed if we can't find an
interpreter that satisfies the request. Once fetched, the toolchain will
be available for later invocations that include the `--preview` flag.
There will be follow-ups to improve toolchain management in general,
there is still outstanding work from the initial implementation.
## Summary
This PR removes the static resolver map:
```rust
static RESOLVED_GIT_REFS: Lazy<Mutex<FxHashMap<RepositoryReference, GitSha>>> =
Lazy::new(Mutex::default);
```
With a `GitResolver` struct that we now pass around on the
`BuildContext`. There should be no behavior changes here; it's purely an
internal refactor with an eye towards making it cleaner for us to
"pre-populate" the list of resolved SHAs.
With the change, we remove the special casing of workspace dependencies
and resolve `tool.uv` for all git and directory distributions. This
gives us support for non-editable workspace dependencies and path
dependencies in other workspaces. It removes a lot of special casing
around workspaces. These changes are the groundwork for supporting
`tool.uv` with dynamic metadata.
The basis for this change is moving `Requirement` from
`distribution-types` to `pypi-types` and the lowering logic from
`uv-requirements` to `uv-distribution`. This changes should be split out
in separate PRs.
I've included an example workspace `albatross-root-workspace2` where
`bird-feeder` depends on `a` from another workspace `ab`. There's a
bunch of failing tests and regressed error messages that still need
fixing. It does fix the audited package count for the workspace tests.
When parsing requirements from any source, directly parse the url parts
(and reject unsupported urls) instead of parsing url parts at a later
stage. This removes a bunch of error branches and concludes the work
parsing url parts once and passing them around everywhere.
Many usages of the assembled `VerbatimUrl` remain, but these can be
removed incrementally.
Please review commit-by-commit.
## Summary
This PR consolidates the concurrency limits used throughout `uv` and
exposes two limits, `UV_CONCURRENT_DOWNLOADS` and
`UV_CONCURRENT_BUILDS`, as environment variables.
Currently, `uv` has a number of concurrent streams that it buffers using
relatively arbitrary limits for backpressure. However, many of these
limits are conflated. We run a relatively small number of tasks overall
and should start most things as soon as possible. What we really want to
limit are three separate operations:
- File I/O. This is managed by tokio's blocking pool and we should not
really have to worry about it.
- Network I/O.
- Python build processes.
Because the current limits span a broad range of tasks, it's possible
that a limit meant for network I/O is occupied by tasks performing
builds, reading from the file system, or even waiting on a `OnceMap`. We
also don't limit build processes that end up being required to perform a
download. While this may not pose a performance problem because our
limits are relatively high, it does mean that the limits do not do what
we want, making it tricky to expose them to users
(https://github.com/astral-sh/uv/issues/1205,
https://github.com/astral-sh/uv/issues/3311).
After this change, the limits on network I/O and build processes are
centralized and managed by semaphores. All other tasks are unbuffered
(note that these tasks are still bounded, so backpressure should not be
a problem).
## Introduction
PEP 621 is limited. Specifically, it lacks
* Relative path support
* Editable support
* Workspace support
* Index pinning or any sort of index specification
The semantics of urls are a custom extension, PEP 440 does not specify
how to use git references or subdirectories, instead pip has a custom
stringly format. We need to somehow support these while still stying
compatible with PEP 621.
## `tool.uv.source`
Drawing inspiration from cargo, poetry and rye, we add `tool.uv.sources`
or (for now stub only) `tool.uv.workspace`:
```toml
[project]
name = "albatross"
version = "0.1.0"
dependencies = [
"tqdm >=4.66.2,<5",
"torch ==2.2.2",
"transformers[torch] >=4.39.3,<5",
"importlib_metadata >=7.1.0,<8; python_version < '3.10'",
"mollymawk ==0.1.0"
]
[tool.uv.sources]
tqdm = { git = "https://github.com/tqdm/tqdm", rev = "cc372d09dcd5a5eabdc6ed4cf365bdb0be004d44" }
importlib_metadata = { url = "https://github.com/python/importlib_metadata/archive/refs/tags/v7.1.0.zip" }
torch = { index = "torch-cu118" }
mollymawk = { workspace = true }
[tool.uv.workspace]
include = [
"packages/mollymawk"
]
[tool.uv.indexes]
torch-cu118 = "https://download.pytorch.org/whl/cu118"
```
See `docs/specifying_dependencies.md` for a detailed explanation of the
format. The basic gist is that `project.dependencies` is what ends up on
pypi, while `tool.uv.sources` are your non-published additions. We do
support the full range or PEP 508, we just hide it in the docs and
prefer the exploded table for easier readability and less confusing with
actual url parts.
This format should eventually be able to subsume requirements.txt's
current use cases. While we will continue to support the legacy `uv pip`
interface, this is a piece of the uv's own top level interface. Together
with `uv run` and a lockfile format, you should only need to write
`pyproject.toml` and do `uv run`, which generates/uses/updates your
lockfile behind the scenes, no more pip-style requirements involved. It
also lays the groundwork for implementing index pinning.
## Changes
This PR implements:
* Reading and lowering `project.dependencies`,
`project.optional-dependencies` and `tool.uv.sources` into a new
requirements format, including:
* Git dependencies
* Url dependencies
* Path dependencies, including relative and editable
* `pip install` integration
* Error reporting for invalid `tool.uv.sources`
* Json schema integration (works in pycharm, see below)
* Draft user-level docs (see `docs/specifying_dependencies.md`)
It does not implement:
* No `pip compile` testing, deprioritizing towards our own lockfile
* Index pinning (stub definitions only)
* Development dependencies
* Workspace support (stub definitions only)
* Overrides in pyproject.toml
* Patching/replacing dependencies
One technically breaking change is that we now require user provided
pyproject.toml to be valid wrt to PEP 621. Included files still fall
back to PEP 517. That means `pip install -r requirements.txt` requires
it to be valid while `pip install -r requirements.txt` with `-e .` as
content falls back to PEP 517 as before.
## Implementation
The `pep508` requirement is replaced by a new `UvRequirement` (name up
for bikeshedding, not particularly attached to the uv prefix). The still
existing `pep508_rs::Requirement` type is a url format copied from pip's
requirements.txt and doesn't appropriately capture all features we
want/need to support. The bulk of the diff is changing the requirement
type throughout the codebase.
We still use `VerbatimUrl` in many places, where we would expect a
parsed/decomposed url type, specifically:
* Reading core metadata except top level pyproject.toml files, we fail a
step later instead if the url isn't supported.
* Allowed `Urls`.
* `PackageId` with a custom `CanonicalUrl` comparison, instead of
canonicalizing urls eagerly.
* `PubGrubPackage`: We eventually convert the `VerbatimUrl` back to a
`Dist` (`Dist::from_url`), instead of remembering the url.
* Source dist types: We use verbatim url even though we know and require
that these are supported urls we can and have parsed.
I tried to make improve the situation be replacing `VerbatimUrl`, but
these changes would require massive invasive changes (see e.g.
https://github.com/astral-sh/uv/pull/3253). A main problem is the ref
`VersionOrUrl` and applying overrides, which assume the same
requirement/url type everywhere. In its current form, this PR increases
this tech debt.
I've tried to split off PRs and commits, but the main refactoring is
still a single monolith commit to make it compile and the tests pass.
## Demo
Adding
d1ae3b85d5/pyproject.json
as json schema (v7) to pycharm for `pyproject.toml`, you can try the IDE
support already:

[dove.webm](https://github.com/astral-sh/uv/assets/6826232/c293c272-c80b-459d-8c95-8c46a8d198a1)
Moves all of `uv-toolchain` into `uv-interpreter`. We may split these
out in the future, but the refactoring I want to do for interpreter
discovery is easier if I don't have to deal with entanglement. Includes
some restructuring of `uv-interpreter`.
Part of #2386