From b5988d46540f597bc49a8df8b971738d283fbe85 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: thibautbus <310327033+thibautbus@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Mon, 5 Oct 2026 16:14:42 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 1/9] Expand Ruby and Sapphire's placeholders from the script
 cache

The runtime expanded Ruby and Sapphire's {EVIL_TEAM}, {GOOD_LEADER},
{VERSION}, {RIVAL} and {KUN} (and the other version-dependent names)
from text/placeholders.lua, the values the extractor reads from the US
cart, so a translation never reached them: the team leaders stayed MAXIE
and ARCHIE, the rival MAY or BRENDAN, the version RUBY or SAPPHIRE, and
the Japanese honorific empty. Each value is a cart string the script
cache also holds under its pokeruby label (gExpandedPlaceholder_Maxie,
_May, _Ruby, _Kun...); the placeholders now read it from there, with the
extract's value as the fallback, the way Emerald's do.

The labels are defined once, in text_placeholders_extract.lua
(rsSymbols, the evil and good teams swapped by edition), and both the
Ruby/Sapphire import and the message box read them from there.
---
 src/import/gba/games/rs/text.lua              | 16 +----
 src/import/gba/text_placeholders_extract.lua  | 24 +++++++
 src/ui/game3/message.lua                      |  9 +--
 .../game3_rs_translation_runtime_test.lua     | 67 +++++++++++++++++++
 4 files changed, 98 insertions(+), 18 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 tests/engine/game3_rs_translation_runtime_test.lua

diff --git a/src/import/gba/games/rs/text.lua b/src/import/gba/games/rs/text.lua
index d27b59cd..b7699f30 100644
--- a/src/import/gba/games/rs/text.lua
+++ b/src/import/gba/games/rs/text.lua
@@ -17,19 +17,7 @@ return function(V)
     }
   end
 
-  local stems = {
-    UNKNOWN = "Empty", KUN_MALE = "Kun", KUN_FEMALE = "Chan",
-    RIVAL_MALE = "May", RIVAL_FEMALE = "Brendan",
-    VERSION = V.GAME == "sapphire" and "Sapphire" or "Ruby",
-    AQUA = "Aqua", MAGMA = "Magma", ARCHIE = "Archie", MAXIE = "Maxie",
-    KYOGRE = "Kyogre", GROUDON = "Groudon",
-  }
-  -- pokeruby/src/string_util.c:476
-  local evil, good = { "Magma", "Maxie", "Groudon" }, { "Aqua", "Archie", "Kyogre" }
-  if V.GAME == "sapphire" then evil, good = good, evil end
-  for i, name in ipairs({ "TEAM", "LEADER", "LEGENDARY" }) do
-    stems["EVIL_" .. name], stems["GOOD_" .. name] = evil[i], good[i]
-  end
   V.TEXT_PLACEHOLDERS = {}
-  for name, stem in pairs(stems) do V.TEXT_PLACEHOLDERS[name] = V.sym("gExpandedPlaceholder_" .. stem) end
+  local Placeholders = require("src.import.gba.text_placeholders_extract")
+  for name, label in pairs(Placeholders.rsSymbols(V.GAME)) do V.TEXT_PLACEHOLDERS[name] = V.sym(label) end
 end
diff --git a/src/import/gba/text_placeholders_extract.lua b/src/import/gba/text_placeholders_extract.lua
index 9f43bfbe..42d78fdd 100644
--- a/src/import/gba/text_placeholders_extract.lua
+++ b/src/import/gba/text_placeholders_extract.lua
@@ -20,6 +20,30 @@ TextPlaceholders.SYMBOLS = {
   GROUDON = "gText_ExpandedPlaceholder_Groudon",
 }
 
+-- pokeruby/src/string_util.c:476
+function TextPlaceholders.rsSymbols(game)
+  local stems = {
+    UNKNOWN = "Empty", KUN_MALE = "Kun", KUN_FEMALE = "Chan",
+    RIVAL_MALE = "May", RIVAL_FEMALE = "Brendan",
+    VERSION = game == "sapphire" and "Sapphire" or "Ruby",
+    AQUA = "Aqua", MAGMA = "Magma", ARCHIE = "Archie", MAXIE = "Maxie",
+    KYOGRE = "Kyogre", GROUDON = "Groudon",
+  }
+  local evil, good = { "Magma", "Maxie", "Groudon" }, { "Aqua", "Archie", "Kyogre" }
+  if game == "sapphire" then evil, good = good, evil end
+  for i, name in ipairs({ "TEAM", "LEADER", "LEGENDARY" }) do
+    stems["EVIL_" .. name], stems["GOOD_" .. name] = evil[i], good[i]
+  end
+  local out = {}
+  for name, stem in pairs(stems) do out[name] = "gExpandedPlaceholder_" .. stem end
+  return out
+end
+
+function TextPlaceholders.symbolsFor(game)
+  if game == "ruby" or game == "sapphire" then return TextPlaceholders.rsSymbols(game) end
+  return TextPlaceholders.SYMBOLS
+end
+
 -- pokeemerald/src/string_util.c:448
 TextPlaceholders.BY_GENDER = {
   KUN = { male = "KUN_MALE", female = "KUN_FEMALE" },
diff --git a/src/ui/game3/message.lua b/src/ui/game3/message.lua
index c1b24df5..5bb979cd 100644
--- a/src/ui/game3/message.lua
+++ b/src/ui/game3/message.lua
@@ -42,17 +42,18 @@ end
 local placeholderCache = {}
 
 -- pokeemerald/src/strings.c:6
-local function cartPlaceholders(extracted)
+local function cartPlaceholders(extracted, game)
   local Extract = require("src.import.gba.text_placeholders_extract")
   local RomText = require("src.core.game3.rom_text")
+  local symbols = Extract.symbolsFor(game)
   local function value(name)
-    local label = Extract.SYMBOLS[name]
+    local label = symbols[name]
     if label and RomText.has(label) then return RomText.plain(label) end
     return extracted[name]
   end
   local out, byGender = {}, {}
   for name, v in pairs(extracted) do out[name] = v end
-  for name in pairs(Extract.SYMBOLS) do out[name] = value(name) end
+  for name in pairs(symbols) do out[name] = value(name) end
   for name, pair in pairs(extracted.byGender or {}) do byGender[name] = pair end
   for name, pair in pairs(Extract.BY_GENDER) do
     byGender[name] = { male = out[pair.male], female = out[pair.female] }
@@ -94,7 +95,7 @@ TextIR.setContextProvider(function(kind, dialect, ctx)
   local okC, CacheFs = pcall(require, "src.import.CacheFs")
   local t = okC and CacheFs.loadActive(dialect.placeholders) or nil
   if type(t) == "table" then
-    placeholderCache[id] = { bundle = bundle, values = cartPlaceholders(t) }
+    placeholderCache[id] = { bundle = bundle, values = cartPlaceholders(t, id) }
     return placeholderCache[id].values
   end
   return nil
diff --git a/tests/engine/game3_rs_translation_runtime_test.lua b/tests/engine/game3_rs_translation_runtime_test.lua
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..217ee6e3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/engine/game3_rs_translation_runtime_test.lua
@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+-- Ruby and Sapphire read the cart strings a translation mod overrides from
+-- the script cache, where the mod's text overrides land, as Emerald does
+-- (game3_emerald_pack_text_test.lua); the extract's or the pack's copy stays
+-- the fallback.
+
+package.path = "./?.lua;./?/init.lua;" .. package.path
+
+local function ir(s) return { { t = "text", s = s }, { t = "eos" } } end
+
+local BUNDLE = { text = {} }
+package.loaded["src.core.game3.scripting.space"] = { ensureBundle = function() return BUNDLE end }
+
+local TextIR = require("src.core.game3.scripting.text_ir")
+
+local failed = 0
+local function check(cond, msg)
+  if cond then
+    print("[ok] " .. msg)
+  else
+    failed = failed + 1
+    print("[FAIL] " .. msg)
+  end
+end
+
+-- Expanded placeholders (pokeruby/src/string_util.c:476): the teams, their
+-- leaders and legendaries by edition, the version, the rival and the
+-- honorific.
+local Extract = require("src.import.gba.text_placeholders_extract")
+local ruby, sapphire = Extract.rsSymbols("ruby"), Extract.rsSymbols("sapphire")
+check(ruby.EVIL_TEAM == "gExpandedPlaceholder_Magma" and sapphire.EVIL_TEAM == "gExpandedPlaceholder_Aqua",
+  "the evil team is Magma in Ruby and Aqua in Sapphire")
+check(ruby.GOOD_LEADER == "gExpandedPlaceholder_Archie" and sapphire.GOOD_LEADER == "gExpandedPlaceholder_Maxie",
+  "the good team's leader follows the edition")
+check(ruby.VERSION == "gExpandedPlaceholder_Ruby" and sapphire.VERSION == "gExpandedPlaceholder_Sapphire",
+  "the version names the edition")
+check(Extract.symbolsFor("emerald") == Extract.SYMBOLS, "Emerald keeps its own labels")
+
+local Message = require("src.ui.game3.message")
+BUNDLE.text = {
+  gExpandedPlaceholder_Maxie = ir("MAX"), gExpandedPlaceholder_Archie = ir("ARTHUR"),
+  gExpandedPlaceholder_Ruby = ir("RUBIS"), gExpandedPlaceholder_May = ir("FLORA"),
+  gExpandedPlaceholder_Kun = ir("くん"),
+}
+local placeholders = Message.cartPlaceholders({
+  EVIL_TEAM = "MAGMA", EVIL_LEADER = "MAXIE", GOOD_LEADER = "ARCHIE", VERSION = "RUBY",
+  RIVAL_MALE = "MAY", RIVAL_FEMALE = "BRENDAN", KUN_MALE = "", KUN_FEMALE = "",
+  byGender = { RIVAL = { male = "MAY", female = "BRENDAN" }, KUN = { male = "", female = "" } },
+}, "ruby")
+check(placeholders.EVIL_LEADER == "MAX" and placeholders.GOOD_LEADER == "ARTHUR",
+  "the leaders' names read the cache by the edition's labels")
+check(placeholders.VERSION == "RUBIS", "the version's name reads the cache")
+check(placeholders.EVIL_TEAM == "MAGMA", "a placeholder missing from the cache keeps the copy")
+check(placeholders.byGender.RIVAL.male == "FLORA", "the rival's name reads the cache")
+local line = { { t = "player" }, { t = "ph", code = 5, name = "KUN" }, { t = "text", s = ": " },
+  { t = "ph", code = 10, name = "EVIL_LEADER" }, { t = "text", s = " / " },
+  { t = "ph", code = 6, name = "RIVAL" }, { t = "eos" } }
+check(TextIR.toPlain(line, { dialect = "rs", playerName = "RED", playerGender = 0, placeholders = placeholders })
+  == "REDくん: MAX / FLORA", "a Ruby line expands the honorific, the leader and the rival from the cache")
+BUNDLE.text = { gExpandedPlaceholder_Archie = ir("ARTHUR"), gExpandedPlaceholder_Maxie = ir("MAX") }
+local sapphireLine = Message.cartPlaceholders({ EVIL_LEADER = "ARCHIE", byGender = {} }, "sapphire")
+check(sapphireLine.EVIL_LEADER == "ARTHUR", "Sapphire's evil leader is Archie's row")
+
+if failed > 0 then
+  print(failed .. " check(s) failed")
+  os.exit(1)
+end
+print("all checks passed")

From bb568d32839e0e258cfc127e96d743753f4da894 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: thibautbus <310327033+thibautbus@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Mon, 5 Oct 2026 17:29:15 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 2/9] =?UTF-8?q?Read=20Ruby=20and=20Sapphire's=20Pok=C3=A9d?=
 =?UTF-8?q?ex=20text=20from=20the=20cart?=
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit

The native Ruby/Sapphire Pokédex printed the entry's two description
pages from the entries pack, and its labels (?????POKéMON, CRY OF,
REGISTRATION COMPLETE...) and search screen from the chrome packs'
English copies, so a translation never reached them: the Emerald path's
Strings() lookup does not cover the native one, and the search screen's
labels are Emerald's (gText_Dex*), which Ruby and Sapphire's cache does
not have.

The entries pack now keeps the pret label of each description pointer
(DexDescription_Treecko_1 and _2; each edition words its entries in its
own way under the same labels), and the Ruby/Sapphire Pokédex pack the
DexText_ label of each search title and description (DexText_ABC...);
the pack's version moves to 1 and the entries are ready on Ruby and
Sapphire only with their labels, so a cache imported without them is
imported again. The screen reads them from the script cache by those
labels, its own labels by their gDexText_* labels and the category
through Strings(), as Emerald's does, with the pack's copy as the
fallback.

The category is followed by what the unknown-category string has after
its question marks, as only the English cart does
(pokeruby/src/pokedex.c:4228): " POKéMON" in English, "ポケモン" in
Japanese, nothing in the European strings ("?????", "POKéMON ?????"),
whose carts print the category alone.

The Japanese size comparison row is a suffix ("の　おおきさくらべ"), so
the screen prints the player's name before it.
---
 src/import/gba/pokedex_chrome_extract.lua     | 17 ++++-
 src/import/gba/pokedex_entries_extract.lua    |  5 ++
 src/import/gba/rs/assets.lua                  |  3 +
 src/import/gba/rs/cache_readiness.lua         |  2 +-
 src/import/gba/rs/extract_pokedex.lua         | 24 ++++--
 src/ui/game3/rse/pokedex.lua                  | 64 +++++++++++-----
 .../game3_rs_translation_runtime_test.lua     | 74 +++++++++++++++++++
 7 files changed, 163 insertions(+), 26 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/import/gba/pokedex_chrome_extract.lua b/src/import/gba/pokedex_chrome_extract.lua
index 4d6b55f9..b58987ad 100644
--- a/src/import/gba/pokedex_chrome_extract.lua
+++ b/src/import/gba/pokedex_chrome_extract.lua
@@ -153,6 +153,12 @@ function PokedexChromeExtract.extractEntries(rom, cache, root)
     end
   end
 
+  local syms = Versions.SYMS
+  local function symbolAt(ptr)
+    if not (syms and syms.namesAt and ptr and ptr >= 0x08000000 and ptr < 0x0A000000) then return nil end
+    return syms.namesAt(ptr - 0x08000000)[1]
+  end
+
   local entries = {}
   -- src/data/pokemon/pokedex_entries.h:3
   for nat = 0, natDexCount do
@@ -177,6 +183,8 @@ function PokedexChromeExtract.extractEntries(rom, cache, root)
       weight = weight,
       description = desc1,
       description2 = desc2,
+      descriptionLabel = symbolAt(descPtr1),
+      descriptionLabel2 = E.desc2 and symbolAt(descPtr2) or nil,
       pokemonScale = pokemonScale,
       pokemonOffset = pokemonOffset,
       trainerScale = trainerScale,
@@ -195,8 +203,12 @@ function PokedexChromeExtract.extractEntries(rom, cache, root)
   table.sort(ids)
   for _, id in ipairs(ids) do
     local e = entries[id]
+    local labels = ""
+    for _, field in ipairs({ "descriptionLabel", "descriptionLabel2" }) do
+      if e[field] then labels = labels .. string.format(", %s = \"%s\"", field, escape_lua(e[field])) end
+    end
     lines[#lines + 1] = string.format(
-      "  [%d] = { category = \"%s\", height = %d, weight = %d, description = \"%s\", description2 = \"%s\", pokemonScale = %d, pokemonOffset = %d, trainerScale = %d, trainerOffset = %d },",
+      "  [%d] = { category = \"%s\", height = %d, weight = %d, description = \"%s\", description2 = \"%s\", pokemonScale = %d, pokemonOffset = %d, trainerScale = %d, trainerOffset = %d%s },",
       id,
       escape_lua(e.category),
       e.height or 0,
@@ -206,7 +218,8 @@ function PokedexChromeExtract.extractEntries(rom, cache, root)
       e.pokemonScale or 256,
       e.pokemonOffset or 0,
       e.trainerScale or 256,
-      e.trainerOffset or 0
+      e.trainerOffset or 0,
+      labels
     )
   end
   lines[#lines + 1] = "}"
diff --git a/src/import/gba/pokedex_entries_extract.lua b/src/import/gba/pokedex_entries_extract.lua
index d8f87ef3..aa7af8af 100644
--- a/src/import/gba/pokedex_entries_extract.lua
+++ b/src/import/gba/pokedex_entries_extract.lua
@@ -23,6 +23,11 @@ function PokedexEntriesExtract.ready(cache, cacheRoot)
   for _, f in ipairs(PokedexEntriesExtract.files()) do
     if not cache:exists(root .. f) then return false end
   end
+  local okL, L = pcall(function() return require("src.import.gba.layouts.registry").active() end)
+  if okL and type(L) == "table" and L.id == "rs" then
+    local body = cache.read and cache:read(root .. "entries.lua")
+    return body ~= nil and body:find("descriptionLabel", 1, true) ~= nil
+  end
   return true
 end
 
diff --git a/src/import/gba/rs/assets.lua b/src/import/gba/rs/assets.lua
index cb63866c..88578459 100644
--- a/src/import/gba/rs/assets.lua
+++ b/src/import/gba/rs/assets.lua
@@ -25,6 +25,9 @@ function M.text(c, off)
   end
   error("RS text is unterminated")
 end
+function M.label(c, off)
+  return off and c.S.namesAt(off)[1] or nil
+end
 function M.pairs(c, name, signed)
   local off, out = c:off(name), {}
   for i = 0, c.S.size(name) / 2 - 1 do
diff --git a/src/import/gba/rs/cache_readiness.lua b/src/import/gba/rs/cache_readiness.lua
index 1ed2666f..5524401d 100644
--- a/src/import/gba/rs/cache_readiness.lua
+++ b/src/import/gba/rs/cache_readiness.lua
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ local PACKS = {
   {"naming", {version = 3}}, {"rse/menus"}, {"rse/common_ui"}, {"rse/bag"},
   {"rse/berry_tag"}, {"rse/party"}, {"rse/summary"}, {"rse/mail"}, {"rse/easy_chat"},
   {"rse/trendy_phrase"}, {"rse/easy_chat_editor", {editorVersion = 2}}, {"rse/rs_egg_hatch"},
-  {"pokemon/storage", {version = 5}}, {"rse/pokedex"}, {"rse/pokedex_detail"}, {"rse/diploma"},
+  {"pokemon/storage", {version = 5}}, {"rse/pokedex", {packVersion = 1}}, {"rse/pokedex_detail"}, {"rse/diploma"},
   {"rse/trainer_card"}, {"rse/trade"}, {"rse/pokenav"}, {"rse/pokenav_detail"},
   {"rse/pokenav_shell"}, {"rse/pokenav_condition"}, {"rse/pokenav_ribbons"}, {"rs/assets"},
 }
diff --git a/src/import/gba/rs/extract_pokedex.lua b/src/import/gba/rs/extract_pokedex.lua
index cfedae3f..ecd31859 100644
--- a/src/import/gba/rs/extract_pokedex.lua
+++ b/src/import/gba/rs/extract_pokedex.lua
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 local K = require("src.import.gba.rse.boot_gfx")
 local A = require("src.import.gba.rs.assets")
-local M = {SUB = "rse/pokedex"}
+local M = {SUB = "rse/pokedex", packVersion = 1}
 local N = "pokedex.o:"
 local maps = {{"list", "gUnknown_08E96738"}, {"list_underlay", "gUnknown_08E9C6DC"},
   {"start_menu_main", "gPokedexStartMenuMain_Tilemap"}, {"start_menu_search", "gPokedexStartMenuSearchResults_Tilemap"},
@@ -18,18 +18,24 @@ local function bytes(c, name, stride)
   for i = 0, c.S.count(name, stride or 1) - 1 do out[i + 1] = stride == 2 and c:u16(off + i * 2) or c:u8(off + i) end
   return out
 end
+-- pokeruby/src/pokedex.c:1116
+local function ownLabel(c, off)
+  local label = A.label(c, off)
+  return label and label:match("^DexText_") and label or nil
+end
 local function options(c, name)
   local out, off = {}, c:off(N .. name)
   for i = 0, c.S.count(N .. name, 8) - 1 do
     local a, b = c:ptr(off + i * 8), c:ptr(off + i * 8 + 4)
     if not b then break end
-    out[#out + 1] = {description = a and A.text(c, a) or "", title = A.text(c, b)}
+    out[#out + 1] = {description = a and A.text(c, a) or "", title = A.text(c, b),
+      descriptionKey = ownLabel(c, a), titleKey = ownLabel(c, b)}
   end
   return out
 end
 function M.run(rom, cache, opts)
   local c = A.context(rom, cache, opts, M.SUB)
-  local man = {screen = "pokedex", coverage = "native_list_detail_search_backgrounds_and_search_tables", gfx = {}, maps = {}, layers = {}, palettes = {}}
+  local man = {screen = "pokedex", packVersion = M.packVersion, coverage = "native_list_detail_search_backgrounds_and_search_tables", gfx = {}, maps = {}, layers = {}, palettes = {}}
   -- pokeruby/src/pokedex.c:1967
   local pals = {hoenn = c:palAt(c:off("gPokedexMenu_Pal"), 96), national = c:pal(N .. "sNationalPokedexPalette", 96),
     searchResults = c:pal(N .. "sPokedexSearchPalette", 96), search = c:pal("gPokedexMenuSearch_Pal", 64)}
@@ -54,12 +60,14 @@ function M.run(rom, cache, opts)
   local top = c:off(N .. "sSearchMenuTopBarItems")
   for i = 0, c.S.count(N .. "sSearchMenuTopBarItems", 8) - 1 do
     local o = top + i * 8
-    search.topBar[i + 1] = {description = A.text(c, assert(c:ptr(o))), x = c:u8(o + 4), y = c:u8(o + 5), width = c:u8(o + 6)}
+    search.topBar[i + 1] = {description = A.text(c, assert(c:ptr(o))), descriptionKey = A.label(c, c:ptr(o)),
+      x = c:u8(o + 4), y = c:u8(o + 5), width = c:u8(o + 6)}
   end
   local io = c:off(N .. "sSearchMenuItems")
   for i = 0, c.S.count(N .. "sSearchMenuItems", 12) - 1 do
     local o = io + i * 12
-    search.items[i + 1] = {description = A.text(c, assert(c:ptr(o))), titleX = c:u8(o + 4), titleY = c:u8(o + 5), titleWidth = c:u8(o + 6),
+    search.items[i + 1] = {description = A.text(c, assert(c:ptr(o))), descriptionKey = A.label(c, c:ptr(o)),
+      titleX = c:u8(o + 4), titleY = c:u8(o + 5), titleWidth = c:u8(o + 6),
       selX = c:u8(o + 7), selY = c:u8(o + 8), selWidth = c:u8(o + 9)}
   end
   for _, k in ipairs({"SearchNatDex", "ShiftNatDex", "SearchHoennDex", "ShiftHoennDex"}) do
@@ -74,5 +82,9 @@ function M.run(rom, cache, opts)
   c.files[#c.files + 1] = "orders.lua"
   return A.finish(c, man)
 end
-function M.ready(cache, root) return A.ready(M.SUB, cache, root) end
+function M.ready(cache, root)
+  if not A.ready(M.SUB, cache, root) then return false end
+  local body = cache:read((root or "data/generated/gba") .. "/" .. M.SUB .. "/manifest.lua")
+  return body:find("packVersion = " .. M.packVersion, 1, true) ~= nil
+end
 return M
diff --git a/src/ui/game3/rse/pokedex.lua b/src/ui/game3/rse/pokedex.lua
index ca8d6294..8a067251 100644
--- a/src/ui/game3/rse/pokedex.lua
+++ b/src/ui/game3/rse/pokedex.lua
@@ -12,8 +12,32 @@ local RsPolicy = require("src.ui.game3.rs.pokedex_policy")
 local function nativeRs() return Gfx.manifest().assetLayout == "rs" end
 local rsTextNames = {gText_CryOf = "CryOf", gText_SizeComparedTo = "SizeComparedTo", gText_SelectorArrow = "RightPointingTriangle",
   gText_SearchingPleaseWait = "Searching", gText_SearchCompleted = "SearchComplete", gText_NoMatchingPkmnWereFound = "NoMatching"}
+local function cached(label, copy)
+  if label and RomText.has(label) then return RomText.plain(label) end
+  return copy
+end
+local RS_LABELS = {RightPointingTriangle = "DexText_RightPointingTriangle"}
+local function rsString(key)
+  local copy = assert(Gfx.manifest().strings[key], "native RS dex text " .. tostring(key))
+  local text = cached(RS_LABELS[key] or ("gDexText_" .. key), nil)
+  if text == nil then return copy end
+  return (copy:match("^\252\019.") or "") .. text
+end
+-- pokeruby/src/pokedex.c:4228
+local function categorySuffix(unknown)
+  local i, marks = 1, 0
+  while i <= #unknown do
+    local c = unknown:sub(i, i)
+    if c == "?" then marks, i = marks + 1, i + 1
+    elseif c == " " then i = i + 1
+    elseif unknown:sub(i, i + 2) == "？" then marks, i = marks + 1, i + 3
+    else break end
+  end
+  if marks == 0 or i > #unknown then return "" end
+  return (unknown:sub(i - 1, i - 1) == " " and " " or "") .. unknown:sub(i)
+end
 local function dexText(key)
-  return nativeRs() and assert(Gfx.manifest().strings[assert(rsTextNames[key], "native RS dex text alias")]) or RomText.plain(key)
+  return nativeRs() and rsString(assert(rsTextNames[key], "native RS dex text alias")) or RomText.plain(key)
 end
 
 local Pokedex = {}
@@ -910,20 +934,26 @@ end
 local function monInfo(s, nat, nationalNumber, owned, newEntry)
   local e = entryFor(nat)
   if nativeRs() then
-    local strings, out = Gfx.manifest().strings, {}
+    local out = {}
     if newEntry then
-      local t = strings.RegisterComplete
+      local t = rsString("RegisterComplete")
       out[#out + 1] = {text = t, x = 16 + math.floor((208 - FrlgFont.measure(t)) / 2), y = 0}
     end
     local num = nationalNumber and nat or (Pokedex.hoennNumber(nat) or nat)
     out[#out + 1] = {text = string.format("%03d", num), x = 104, y = 24}
     out[#out + 1] = {text = pokemon().name(Pokedex.speciesOf(nat)) or Gfx.manifest().tenDashes, x = 128, y = 24}
-    local category = owned and ((e.category or "") .. " " .. strings.UnknownPoke:match("[^? ]+.*$")) or strings.UnknownPoke
-    local cx = 88 + (owned and (FrlgFont.measure(strings.UnknownPoke) - FrlgFont.measure(category)) or 0)
+    local unknown = rsString("UnknownPoke")
+    local category = owned and (Strings(e.category or "") .. categorySuffix(unknown)) or unknown
+    local cx = 88 + (owned and (FrlgFont.measure(unknown) - FrlgFont.measure(category)) or 0)
     out[#out + 1] = {text = category, x = cx, y = 40}
-    out[#out + 1] = {text = owned and Pokedex.heightText(e.height or 0) or strings.UnknownHeight, x = 128, y = 56}
-    out[#out + 1] = {text = owned and RsPolicy.weightText(e.weight or 0) or strings.UnknownWeight, x = 128, y = 72}
-    local desc = s.descriptionPage == 1 and e.description2 or e.description
+    out[#out + 1] = {text = owned and Pokedex.heightText(e.height or 0) or rsString("UnknownHeight"), x = 128, y = 56}
+    out[#out + 1] = {text = owned and RsPolicy.weightText(e.weight or 0) or rsString("UnknownWeight"), x = 128, y = 72}
+    local desc
+    if s.descriptionPage == 1 then
+      desc = cached(e.descriptionLabel2, e.description2)
+    else
+      desc = cached(e.descriptionLabel, e.description)
+    end
     out[#out + 1] = {text = owned and (desc or "") or "", x = 16, y = 104}
     return out
   end
@@ -1535,7 +1565,8 @@ function tasks.loadSize(s)
     s.state = 3
   elseif st == 3 then
     local name = s.session and (s.session.name or s.session.playerName) or ""
-    local t = dexText("gText_SizeComparedTo") .. tostring(name)
+    local label = dexText("gText_SizeComparedTo")
+    local t = label:find("^の") and tostring(name) .. label or label .. tostring(name)
     local w = FrlgFont.measure(t) or 0
     s.sizeText = { text = t, x = nativeRs() and (24 + 96 - math.floor(w / 2)) or (w < 240 and math.floor((240 - w) / 2) or 0), y = nativeRs() and 120 or 121 }
     s.state = 4
@@ -1593,10 +1624,7 @@ function tasks.switchFromSize(s)
   end
 end
 
-local function cartText(key, fallback)
-  if key and RomText.has(key) then return RomText.plain(key) end
-  return fallback
-end
+local cartText = cached
 
 -- pokeemerald/src/pokedex.c:1330
 local TYPE_OPTION = { "gText_DexSearchTypeNone" }
@@ -1632,11 +1660,13 @@ local ITEM_DESCRIPTIONS = { "gText_ListByFirstLetter", "gText_ListByBodyColor",
   "gText_ListByType", "gText_SelectPokedexListingMode", "gText_SelectPokedexMode", "gText_ExecuteSearchSwitch" }
 
 local function topBarDescription(i)
-  return cartText(TOPBAR_DESCRIPTIONS[i + 1], Gfx.manifest().search.topBar[i + 1].description)
+  local row = Gfx.manifest().search.topBar[i + 1]
+  return cartText(row.descriptionKey or TOPBAR_DESCRIPTIONS[i + 1], row.description)
 end
 
 local function itemDescription(i)
-  return cartText(ITEM_DESCRIPTIONS[i + 1], Gfx.manifest().search.items[i + 1].description)
+  local row = Gfx.manifest().search.items[i + 1]
+  return cartText(row.descriptionKey or ITEM_DESCRIPTIONS[i + 1], row.description)
 end
 
 -- pokeemerald/src/pokedex.c:1437
@@ -1657,8 +1687,8 @@ local function searchOptionTexts(which)
   local out = {}
   for i, t in ipairs(list) do
     out[i] = {
-      title = cartText(keys.titles[i], t.title),
-      description = cartText(keys.descriptions and keys.descriptions[i], t.description),
+      title = cartText(t.titleKey or keys.titles[i], t.title),
+      description = cartText(t.descriptionKey or (keys.descriptions and keys.descriptions[i]), t.description),
     }
   end
   return out
diff --git a/tests/engine/game3_rs_translation_runtime_test.lua b/tests/engine/game3_rs_translation_runtime_test.lua
index 217ee6e3..7cc2bd02 100644
--- a/tests/engine/game3_rs_translation_runtime_test.lua
+++ b/tests/engine/game3_rs_translation_runtime_test.lua
@@ -60,6 +60,80 @@ BUNDLE.text = { gExpandedPlaceholder_Archie = ir("ARTHUR"), gExpandedPlaceholder
 local sapphireLine = Message.cartPlaceholders({ EVIL_LEADER = "ARCHIE", byGender = {} }, "sapphire")
 check(sapphireLine.EVIL_LEADER == "ARTHUR", "Sapphire's evil leader is Archie's row")
 
+-- The native Pokédex (src/ui/game3/rse/pokedex.lua): the entry's pages by
+-- their own labels, its labels and the search screen by the labels the
+-- packs name next to their copies.
+local MANIFEST = {
+  assetLayout = "rs",
+  strings = { UnknownPoke = "            ????? POKéMON", CryOf = "\252\019\002CRY OF", RegisterComplete = "REGISTERED",
+    UnknownHeight = "\252\019\012??'??\"", UnknownWeight = "????.? lbs.", SizeComparedTo = "SIZE COMPARED TO ",
+    Searching = "Searching...", SearchComplete = "Search completed.", NoMatching = "No matching POKéMON.",
+    RightPointingTriangle = ">" },
+  search = {
+    topBar = { { description = "Search for POKéMON.", descriptionKey = "DexText_SearchForPoke" } },
+    items = { { description = "List by the first letter.", descriptionKey = "DexText_ListByABC" } },
+    names = { { title = "ABC", titleKey = "DexText_ABC", description = "" } },
+    colors = {}, types = {}, orders = {}, modes = {},
+  },
+}
+package.loaded["src.ui.game3.rse.pokedex_gfx"] = setmetatable({ manifest = function() return MANIFEST end },
+  { __index = function() return function() end end })
+package.loaded["src.ui.game3.rse.mapsec"] = setmetatable({ readLua = function(path)
+  if path:find("entries", 1, true) then
+    return { [277] = { category = "WOOD GECKO", height = 5, weight = 50, description = "Ruby page one.",
+      description2 = "Ruby page two.", descriptionLabel = "DexDescription_Treecko_1",
+      descriptionLabel2 = "DexDescription_Treecko_2" } }
+  end
+  return { nationalToRegional = {} }
+end }, { __index = function() return function() end end })
+package.loaded["src.core.game3.pokemon"] = { speciesFromNational = function() return 277 end,
+  name = function() return "ARCKO" end }
+local Pokedex = require("src.ui.game3.rse.pokedex")
+BUNDLE.text = {
+  DexDescription_Treecko_2 = ir("Page deux."), gDexText_UnknownPoke = ir("            ????? POKéMON"),
+  gDexText_CryOf = ir("CRI DE"), DexText_SearchForPoke = ir("Chercher des POKéMON."), DexText_ABC = ir("ABC FR"),
+}
+local function texts(rows)
+  local out = {}
+  for _, row in ipairs(rows) do out[#out + 1] = row.text end
+  return table.concat(out, "|")
+end
+local page1 = texts(Pokedex.monInfo({ descriptionPage = 0 }, 252, true, true, false))
+local page2 = texts(Pokedex.monInfo({ descriptionPage = 1 }, 252, true, true, false))
+check(page1:find("Ruby page one.", 1, true) ~= nil, "a page missing from the cache keeps the pack's copy")
+check(page2:find("Page deux.", 1, true) ~= nil, "the second page reads the cache by its own label")
+check(page1:find("WOOD GECKO POKéMON", 1, true) ~= nil, "the category keeps the cart's POKéMON after it")
+check(Pokedex.topBarDescription(0) == "Chercher des POKéMON.", "the search top bar reads its own label")
+check(Pokedex.itemDescription(0) == "List by the first letter.", "a search line missing from the cache keeps the copy")
+check(Pokedex.searchOptionTexts(Pokedex.SEARCH.NAME)[1].title == "ABC FR", "a search option reads its own label")
+-- pokeruby/src/pokedex.c:4228: only the English cart follows the category
+-- with the word after its unknown-category string's question marks.
+local function infoRow(owned, y)
+  for _, row in ipairs(Pokedex.monInfo({ descriptionPage = 0 }, 252, true, owned, false)) do
+    if row.y == y then return row.text end
+  end
+end
+local function category(unknown)
+  BUNDLE.text.gDexText_UnknownPoke = ir(unknown)
+  return infoRow(true, 40)
+end
+check(category("            ????? POKéMON") == "WOOD GECKO POKéMON", "the English cart follows the category with POKéMON")
+check(category("?????") == "WOOD GECKO", "the French and German carts print the category alone")
+check(category("POKéMON ?????") == "WOOD GECKO", "so does the Italian cart, whose word comes first")
+check(category("？？？？？ポケモン") == "WOOD GECKOポケモン", "the Japanese word follows the category without a space")
+BUNDLE.text.gDexText_UnknownHeight = ir("???,?  m")
+check(infoRow(false, 56) == "\252\019\012???,?  m", "a label keeps its copy's CLEAR_TO in front of the cache's text")
+local Registry = require("src.import.gba.layouts.registry")
+local active = Registry.active
+Registry.active = function() return { id = "rs" } end
+local Entries = require("src.import.gba.pokedex_entries_extract")
+local function entriesCache(body) return { exists = function() return true end, read = function() return body end } end
+check(not Entries.ready(entriesCache("return { [277] = { description = \"x\" } }")),
+  "an R/S cache without the description labels extracts its entries again")
+check(Entries.ready(entriesCache("return { [277] = { descriptionLabel = \"DexDescription_Treecko_1\" } }")),
+  "an R/S cache with the labels keeps its entries")
+Registry.active = active
+
 if failed > 0 then
   print(failed .. " check(s) failed")
   os.exit(1)

From 31351ae2e9a45f0af3152e6cc0acc58da063ddc5 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: thibautbus <310327033+thibautbus@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Mon, 5 Oct 2026 17:29:15 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 3/9] Read Ruby and Sapphire's native screens' cart text from
 the script cache
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit

The Ruby/Sapphire shop, decoration menus, move relearner and contest
paintings printed the cart strings their extractors copied into their
packs (textBytes, keyed by the strings' pokeruby labels), so a
translation never reached them. The script cache holds the same strings
under the same labels, where a mod's text overrides land: these screens
now read it there, with the pack's copy as the fallback, the way
Emerald's screens do (RomText.irOr). The shop, the decoration menus and
the move relearner keep each text they resolve until the screen opens
again, the painting its caption once it is built.

A hall painting's caption names the trainer, then the POKéMON, as the
US cart does; the European carts name the POKéMON first, their
possessive row starting with a space (" von ", " de ", " di ",
pokeruby/src/contest_painting.c:234), and so does the caption now
when the row does.
---
 src/ui/game3/rs/contest_painting.lua          | 18 ++++--
 src/ui/game3/rs/decoration.lua                |  8 +++
 src/ui/game3/rs/move_relearner.lua            | 15 ++++-
 src/ui/game3/rs/shop_menu.lua                 |  8 ++-
 .../game3_rs_translation_runtime_test.lua     | 59 +++++++++++++++++++
 5 files changed, 98 insertions(+), 10 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/ui/game3/rs/contest_painting.lua b/src/ui/game3/rs/contest_painting.lua
index c0be9d62..34618ce9 100644
--- a/src/ui/game3/rs/contest_painting.lua
+++ b/src/ui/game3/rs/contest_painting.lua
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 local Base = require("src.ui.game3.rse.contest_painting")
 local IR = require("src.core.game3.scripting.text_ir")
+local RomText = require("src.core.game3.rom_text")
 local Kit = require("src.ui.game3.rse.scene_kit")
 local Font = require("src.ui.game3.frlg_font")
 local Painting = {ID = Base.ID, SUB = Base.SUB}
@@ -11,9 +12,9 @@ local function manifest()
   return man
 end
 
-local function render(bytes)
+local function render(ir)
   local out = {}
-  for _, seg in ipairs(IR.decode(bytes, {dialect = "rs"})) do
+  for _, seg in ipairs(ir) do
     if seg.t == "ext" then
       out[#out + 1] = string.char(252, seg.cmd)
       for _, arg in ipairs(seg.args or {}) do out[#out + 1] = string.char(arg) end
@@ -21,7 +22,10 @@ local function render(bytes)
   end
   return table.concat(out)
 end
-local function text(man, key) return render(assert(man.textBytes[key], "native painting caption missing: " .. key)) end
+local function text(man, key)
+  local bytes = assert(man.textBytes[key], "native painting caption missing: " .. key)
+  return render(RomText.irOr(key, IR.decode(bytes, {dialect = "rs"})))
+end
 local function name(value, limit)
   if type(value) == "table" then
     local bytes = {}
@@ -30,7 +34,7 @@ local function name(value, limit)
       bytes[#bytes + 1] = value[i]
     end
     bytes[#bytes + 1] = 255
-    return render(bytes)
+    return render(IR.decode(bytes, {dialect = "rs"}))
   end
   if type(value) ~= "string" then return "" end
   if not limit then return value end
@@ -48,9 +52,11 @@ function Painting.caption(saveIdx, winner, artist, man)
   local nickname = name(winner.monName or winner.nickname, man.captionLayout.nicknameBytes)
   local category = tonumber(winner.contestCategory) or 0
   if saveIdx < man.captionLayout.museumStart then
+    -- pokeruby/src/contest_painting.c:234
+    local possessive, first, second = text(man, man.hallPossessive), name(winner.trainerName), nickname
+    if possessive:find("^[ ,]") then first, second = nickname, name(winner.trainerName) end
     return text(man, assert(man.rankNames[category], "native painting category")) .. text(man, man.hallCaption)
-      .. name(winner.trainerName) .. string.char(unpack(man.captionLayout.hallLatinControl))
-      .. text(man, man.hallPossessive) .. nickname
+      .. first .. string.char(unpack(man.captionLayout.hallLatinControl)) .. possessive .. second
   end
   local pair = assert(man.captionParts[category], "native museum caption pair")
   return text(man, pair.prefix) .. nickname .. text(man, pair.suffix)
diff --git a/src/ui/game3/rs/decoration.lua b/src/ui/game3/rs/decoration.lua
index ebcb86dd..4407424d 100644
--- a/src/ui/game3/rs/decoration.lua
+++ b/src/ui/game3/rs/decoration.lua
@@ -27,9 +27,16 @@ local aliases = {
 UI.TEXT_ALIASES = {gText_ApostropheSBase = "gOtherText_PlayersBase"}
 local cats = {gText_Desk = 0, gText_Chair = 1, gText_Plant = 2, gText_Ornament = 3,
   gText_Mat = 4, gText_Poster = 5, gText_Doll = 6, gText_Cushion = 7}
+local resolved = {}
 local function nativeText(key, vars)
   if cats[key] ~= nil then return Inv.categoryName(cats[key]) end
   local native, m = aliases[key] or key, Decor.manifest()
+  if not vars and resolved[native] then return resolved[native] end
+  if Text.has(native) then
+    local value = Text.plain(native, vars and {stringVars = vars} or nil)
+    if not vars then resolved[native] = value end
+    return value
+  end
   if m.textBytes and m.textBytes[native] then
     return IR.toPlain(IR.decode(m.textBytes[native], {dialect = "rs"}), {stringVars = vars or {}})
   end
@@ -116,6 +123,7 @@ function UI.draw(d, host)
 end
 local function options(opts)
   opts = opts or {}
+  resolved = {}
   opts.text, opts.draw = nativeText, UI.draw
   opts.recordSecretBaseVisit = false
   opts.avatarGfx = function(s, female)
diff --git a/src/ui/game3/rs/move_relearner.lua b/src/ui/game3/rs/move_relearner.lua
index 174b7bab..5abc762c 100644
--- a/src/ui/game3/rs/move_relearner.lua
+++ b/src/ui/game3/rs/move_relearner.lua
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ local Kit = require("src.ui.game3.rse.scene_kit")
 local Font = require("src.ui.game3.frlg_font")
 local Pokemon = require("src.core.game3.pokemon")
 local IR = require("src.core.game3.scripting.text_ir")
+local RomText = require("src.core.game3.rom_text")
 local bit = require("bit")
 local UI = {}
 local keys = {gText_TeachWhichMoveToPkmn = "gOtherText_TeachWhichMove",
@@ -13,13 +14,20 @@ local function manifest()
   assert(m.assetLayout == "rs", "native RS move tutor pack required")
   return m
 end
+local resolved = {}
+local function cartIr(native)
+  if not resolved[native] then
+    resolved[native] = RomText.irOr(native,
+      IR.decode(assert(manifest().textBytes[native], "native tutor text " .. native), {dialect = "rs"}))
+  end
+  return resolved[native]
+end
 local function text(key, ctx)
-  local m, native = manifest(), keys[key] or key
-  return IR.toPlain(IR.decode(assert(m.textBytes[native], "native tutor text " .. native), {dialect = "rs"}), ctx or {})
+  return IR.toPlain(cartIr(keys[key] or key), ctx or {})
 end
 local function pages(key, vars)
   local out = {}
-  local value = IR.toAscii(IR.decode(assert(manifest().textBytes[key]), {dialect = "rs"}), {stringVars = vars})
+  local value = IR.toAscii(cartIr(key), {stringVars = vars})
   for page in (value .. "\\p"):gmatch("(.-)\\p") do if page ~= "" then out[#out + 1] = page end end
   return out
 end
@@ -164,6 +172,7 @@ function UI.draw(st)
 end
 function UI.show(mon, opts)
   manifest(); opts = opts or {}
+  resolved = {}
   opts.maxShown, opts.text, opts.draw, opts.startLearn = 3, text, UI.draw, startLearn
   return Base.show(mon, opts)
 end
diff --git a/src/ui/game3/rs/shop_menu.lua b/src/ui/game3/rs/shop_menu.lua
index 55e59b8c..5c7e8877 100644
--- a/src/ui/game3/rs/shop_menu.lua
+++ b/src/ui/game3/rs/shop_menu.lua
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ local Chrome = require("src.ui.game3.chrome")
 local Cursor = require("src.ui.game3.rs.menu_cursor")
 local Window = require("src.ui.game3.window")
 local TextIR = require("src.core.game3.scripting.text_ir")
+local RomText = require("src.core.game3.rom_text")
 local Items = require("src.core.game3.items_data")
 local UI = {CAMERA_OFFSET = {x = -3, y = -3}}
 UI.WIN = {money = Window.template(1, 1, 12, 2), qty = Window.template(1, 11, 12, 2),
@@ -15,10 +16,14 @@ local function manifest()
   assert(man.assetLayout == "rs" and man.shopVersion == 2, "native RS shop schema required")
   return man
 end
+local resolved = {}
 function UI.ir(key)
+  if resolved[key] then return resolved[key] end
   local man = manifest()
   local native = assert(man.textAliases[key] or (man.textBytes[key] and key), "native RS shop text policy missing: " .. key)
-  return TextIR.decode(assert(man.textBytes[native], "native RS shop text bytes missing: " .. native), {dialect = "rs"})
+  resolved[key] = RomText.irOr(native,
+    TextIR.decode(assert(man.textBytes[native], "native RS shop text bytes missing: " .. native), {dialect = "rs"}))
+  return resolved[key]
 end
 function UI.plain(key, ctx) return TextIR.toPlain(UI.ir(key), ctx or {}) end
 function UI.box(key, ctx) return UI.plain(key, ctx) end
@@ -176,6 +181,7 @@ function UI.drawSell(sale)
 end
 function UI.show(shop, opts)
   opts = opts or {}; opts.nativePolicy = UI
+  resolved = {}
   manifest()
   shop._rsShopFrame = 0
   return Base.show(shop, opts)
diff --git a/tests/engine/game3_rs_translation_runtime_test.lua b/tests/engine/game3_rs_translation_runtime_test.lua
index 7cc2bd02..c9a08427 100644
--- a/tests/engine/game3_rs_translation_runtime_test.lua
+++ b/tests/engine/game3_rs_translation_runtime_test.lua
@@ -134,6 +134,65 @@ check(Entries.ready(entriesCache("return { [277] = { descriptionLabel = \"DexDes
   "an R/S cache with the labels keeps its entries")
 Registry.active = active
 
+-- Native screens that keep a cart string in their pack under its pret label
+-- read the script cache's text under that label first.
+local COPY = { 0xBD, 0xC9, 0xCA, 0xD3, 0xFF } -- "COPY"
+local Kit = require("src.ui.game3.rse.scene_kit")
+local MANIFESTS = {
+  ["items/shop"] = { assetLayout = "rs", shopVersion = 2, textAliases = { gText_HowMayIServeYou = "gOtherText_HowMayIServe" },
+    textBytes = { gOtherText_HowMayIServe = COPY, gOtherText_Unnamed = COPY } },
+}
+Kit.manifest = function(sub)
+  if MANIFESTS[sub] then return MANIFESTS[sub] end
+  return { assetLayout = "rs", textBytes = { gOtherText_TeachWhichMove = COPY, gOtherText_Unnamed = COPY } }
+end
+local Shop = require("src.ui.game3.rs.shop_menu")
+BUNDLE.text = { gOtherText_HowMayIServe = ir("Que puis-je faire pour vous ?"),
+  gOtherText_TeachWhichMove = ir("Quelle capacité apprendre ?") }
+check(Shop.plain("gText_HowMayIServeYou") == "Que puis-je faire pour vous ?", "the shop reads the cache by its label")
+check(Shop.plain("gOtherText_Unnamed") == "COPY", "a shop line missing from the cache keeps the pack's copy")
+
+-- The move relearner, the decoration menus and the museum's painting
+-- captions, through the text function each screen hands its shared base.
+package.loaded["src.ui.game3.rse.move_relearner"] = { SUB = "tutor", show = function(_, opts) return opts end }
+local tutorText = require("src.ui.game3.rs.move_relearner").show({}, {}).text
+check(tutorText("gText_TeachWhichMoveToPkmn") == "Quelle capacité apprendre ?", "the move relearner reads the cache by its label")
+check(tutorText("gOtherText_Unnamed") == "COPY", "a move relearner line missing from the cache keeps the pack's copy")
+BUNDLE.text.gOtherText_TeachWhichMove = ir("Autre texte")
+check(tutorText("gText_TeachWhichMoveToPkmn") == "Quelle capacité apprendre ?", "a screen resolves its text once while it is open")
+tutorText = require("src.ui.game3.rs.move_relearner").show({}, {}).text
+check(tutorText("gText_TeachWhichMoveToPkmn") == "Autre texte", "and again when it opens")
+
+package.loaded["src.ui.game3.rse.decoration"] = { open = function(opts) return opts end }
+package.loaded["src.core.game3.rse.decoration"] = { manifest = function()
+  return { textBytes = { gSecretBaseText_DecorReturned = COPY, gSecretBaseText_NoDecor = COPY }, strings = {} }
+end }
+package.loaded["src.core.game3.rse.decoration_inventory"] = { categoryName = function() return "" end }
+local decorText = require("src.ui.game3.rs.decoration").open().text
+BUNDLE.text = { gSecretBaseText_DecorReturned = ir("La décoration est retournée au PC.") }
+check(decorText("gText_DecorationReturnedToPC") == "La décoration est retournée au PC.", "the decoration menus read the cache by their labels")
+check(decorText("gText_NoDecorationHere") == "COPY", "a decoration line missing from the cache keeps the pack's copy")
+
+package.loaded["src.ui.game3.rse.contest_painting"] = { ID = "contest_painting", SUB = "contest_painting" }
+local Painting = require("src.ui.game3.rs.contest_painting")
+local PAINT = { captionLayout = { museumStart = 5, nicknameBytes = 10 },
+  captionParts = { [0] = { prefix = "gContestPaintingCool1", suffix = "gContestPaintingCool2" } },
+  textBytes = { gContestPaintingCool1 = COPY, gContestPaintingCool2 = COPY } }
+BUNDLE.text = { gContestPaintingCool1 = ir("Le POKéMON ") }
+check(Painting.caption(5, { nickname = "ZIGZATON", contestCategory = 0 }, nil, PAINT) == "Le POKéMON ZIGZATONCOPY",
+  "a painting's caption reads the cache by its labels, the pack's copy where the cache has none")
+-- pokeruby/src/contest_painting.c:234: the European carts name the POKéMON
+-- first ("ZIGZATON von MAY"), the US and Japanese ones the trainer.
+PAINT.rankNames = { [0] = "gContestRankNormal" }
+PAINT.hallCaption, PAINT.hallPossessive = "gContestText_ContestWinner", "gOtherText_Unknown1"
+PAINT.captionLayout.hallLatinControl = {}
+PAINT.textBytes.gContestRankNormal, PAINT.textBytes.gContestText_ContestWinner, PAINT.textBytes.gOtherText_Unknown1 = COPY, COPY, COPY
+local winner = { nickname = "ZIGZATON", trainerName = "MAY", contestCategory = 0 }
+BUNDLE.text = { gContestRankNormal = ir("NORMAL "), gContestText_ContestWinner = ir("WINNER "), gOtherText_Unknown1 = ir("'s ") }
+check(Painting.caption(0, winner, nil, PAINT) == "NORMAL WINNER MAY's ZIGZATON", "the US hall caption names the trainer first")
+BUNDLE.text.gOtherText_Unknown1 = ir(" von ")
+check(Painting.caption(0, winner, nil, PAINT) == "NORMAL WINNER ZIGZATON von MAY", "a European hall caption names the POKéMON first")
+
 if failed > 0 then
   print(failed .. " check(s) failed")
   os.exit(1)

From 2700e0b0733c464cb22601f3e2c10f6acbee782e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: thibautbus <310327033+thibautbus@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Mon, 5 Oct 2026 17:29:15 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 4/9] Print Ruby and Sapphire's Easy Chat words translated

The Ruby/Sapphire Easy Chat editor, mail composer and reader, Dewford
trendy phrase editor and trainer card printed each word's cart text
(EasyChatText.rawWord) and the pickers each group's and word's raw
name, and the TV and the Dewford line naming the new trend got the raw
words too, so a translation mod's Easy Chat vocabulary never showed
there. They now print EasyChatText.word and groupName, as the other
game3 screens do, each screen keeping a word it resolves until it opens
again; the comparisons the scripts rely on (changed phrases, the
Mystery Event words, the trend's comparison) keep the raw text.

Gabby and Ty's last quote is printed from the cart's bytes, so a
translated word the cart's charset cannot hold (a Japanese one on a US
cart) keeps the cart's word there instead of printing "????".
---
 src/core/game3/rs/easy_chat_contracts.lua     |  2 +-
 src/core/game3/rs/tv_playback.lua             |  2 +-
 .../game3/scripting/natives_rs_tv_routes.lua  |  7 +++-
 src/ui/game3/rs/easy_chat_editor.lua          | 16 ++++++--
 src/ui/game3/rs/mail_composer.lua             | 16 ++++++--
 src/ui/game3/rs/mail_reader.lua               |  2 +-
 src/ui/game3/rs/trainer_card.lua              | 11 +++++-
 src/ui/game3/rs/trendy_phrase.lua             | 16 ++++++--
 .../game3_rs_translation_runtime_test.lua     | 37 +++++++++++++++++++
 9 files changed, 94 insertions(+), 15 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/core/game3/rs/easy_chat_contracts.lua b/src/core/game3/rs/easy_chat_contracts.lua
index f2e75383..8b238795 100644
--- a/src/core/game3/rs/easy_chat_contracts.lua
+++ b/src/core/game3/rs/easy_chat_contracts.lua
@@ -231,7 +231,7 @@ function M.commit(token, words)
   elseif token.type == 6 then writeBard(token, words)
   elseif token.type == 10 then token.session.gabbyAndTyData.quote[0] = words[1]
   elseif token.type == 9 then
-    out.stringVar2 = Easy.rawWord(words[1]) .. " " .. Easy.rawWord(words[2])
+    out.stringVar2 = Easy.word(words[1]) .. " " .. Easy.word(words[2])
     out.input = require("src.core.game3.rs.dewford_trend").trySetTrendyPhrase(words, token.session) and 1 or 0
   elseif token.type ~= 13 then writeTv(token, words) end
   if token.type == 0 then out.input = M.passphrase(words) and 1 or 0 end
diff --git a/src/core/game3/rs/tv_playback.lua b/src/core/game3/rs/tv_playback.lua
index 081e6517..9dfef818 100644
--- a/src/core/game3/rs/tv_playback.lua
+++ b/src/core/game3/rs/tv_playback.lua
@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ function M.word(id)
     local E = require("src.core.game3.easy_chat_text")
     local group = E.group(math.floor(value / 512) % 128)
     if group then
-      for _, word in ipairs(group.words) do if word.id == value then return word.text end end
+      for _, word in ipairs(group.words) do if word.id == value then return E.word(value) end end
     end
     return romText("gOtherText_ThreeQuestions")
   end, id)
diff --git a/src/core/game3/scripting/natives_rs_tv_routes.lua b/src/core/game3/scripting/natives_rs_tv_routes.lua
index 196f245b..693eedfa 100644
--- a/src/core/game3/scripting/natives_rs_tv_routes.lua
+++ b/src/core/game3/scripting/natives_rs_tv_routes.lua
@@ -79,7 +79,12 @@ M.BY_NAME.GabbyAndTyGetLastQuote = function(ctx, adapters)
   local session, g = R.session(), gabby()
   local quote = n(g.quote[0]) % 65536
   if quote == 65535 then return false, 0 end
-  stringVar(ctx, adapters, 1, session, Q.encode(session, Playback.word(quote)))
+  local word = Playback.word(quote)
+  local bytes = Q.encode(session, word)
+  if Playback.displayBytes(session, bytes) ~= word then
+    bytes = Q.encode(session, require("src.core.game3.easy_chat_text").rawWord(quote))
+  end
+  stringVar(ctx, adapters, 1, session, bytes)
   g.quote[0] = 65535
   return false, 1
 end
diff --git a/src/ui/game3/rs/easy_chat_editor.lua b/src/ui/game3/rs/easy_chat_editor.lua
index 0e59546a..be8014e4 100644
--- a/src/ui/game3/rs/easy_chat_editor.lua
+++ b/src/ui/game3/rs/easy_chat_editor.lua
@@ -6,6 +6,15 @@ local Cursor = require("src.ui.game3.rs.menu_cursor")
 local Pal = require("src.core.game3.pal_fade")
 local Fx = require("src.core.game3.gba_fx")
 local Easy = require("src.core.game3.easy_chat_text")
+local words, groups = {}, {}
+local function wordText(id)
+  if words[id] == nil then words[id] = Easy.word(id) end
+  return words[id]
+end
+local function groupText(group)
+  if groups[group] == nil then groups[group] = Easy.groupName(group) end
+  return groups[group]
+end
 local Policy = require("src.ui.game3.rs.easy_chat_editor_policy")
 local Frames = require("src.ui.game3.rs.easy_chat_editor_frames")
 local C = {isMenu = true, open = false}
@@ -33,6 +42,7 @@ function C.manifest(kind)
 end
 function C.show(opts)
   opts = opts or {}
+  words, groups = {}, {}
   assert(opts.token and opts.type ~= 9, "native RS editor requires its save contract; type9 uses its separate host")
   C._man, C._session, C._opts = C.manifest(opts.type), assert(opts.session), opts
   C._before, C.words = copyWords(opts.words), copyWords(opts.words)
@@ -347,7 +357,7 @@ local function phraseWords()
       local line = {}
       for col = 0, C._man.columns - 1 do
         local i = row * C._man.columns + col + 1
-        if i <= C._man.wordCount and C.words[i] ~= Policy.EMPTY then line[#line + 1] = Easy.rawWord(C.words[i]) .. " " end
+        if i <= C._man.wordCount and C.words[i] ~= Policy.EMPTY then line[#line + 1] = wordText(C.words[i]) .. " " end
       end
       local pen = C._man.wordPens[row * C._man.columns + 1]
       if pen then text(table.concat(line), pen.x, pen.y, "phrase") end
@@ -360,7 +370,7 @@ local function phraseWords()
       local image = assert(Kit.image(C._man.blankWord))
       love.graphics.setColor(1, 1, 1, 1)
       Fx.draw(function() love.graphics.draw(image, x, y) end, C._pal:fx(0))
-    else text(Easy.rawWord(C.words[i]), x, y, "phrase") end
+    else text(wordText(C.words[i]), x, y, "phrase") end
   end
 end
 local function pickerText()
@@ -382,7 +392,7 @@ local function pickerText()
         local word = (view == "groups" and C.groups or C._list)[row * 2 + col + 1]
         if word then
           local x = (view == "groups" and 16 or 48) + col * 88
-          text(view == "groups" and word.name or word.text, x, 88 + (row - state.top) * 16 + offset, "picker")
+          text(view == "groups" and groupText(word) or wordText(word.id), x, 88 + (row - state.top) * 16 + offset, "picker")
         end
       end
     end
diff --git a/src/ui/game3/rs/mail_composer.lua b/src/ui/game3/rs/mail_composer.lua
index bac46f43..050ded2d 100644
--- a/src/ui/game3/rs/mail_composer.lua
+++ b/src/ui/game3/rs/mail_composer.lua
@@ -6,6 +6,15 @@ local Cursor = require("src.ui.game3.rs.menu_cursor")
 local Pal = require("src.core.game3.pal_fade")
 local Fx = require("src.core.game3.gba_fx")
 local Easy = require("src.core.game3.easy_chat_text")
+local words, groups = {}, {}
+local function wordText(id)
+  if words[id] == nil then words[id] = Easy.word(id) end
+  return words[id]
+end
+local function groupText(group)
+  if groups[group] == nil then groups[group] = Easy.groupName(group) end
+  return groups[group]
+end
 local Policy = require("src.ui.game3.rs.mail_composer_policy")
 local Frames = require("src.ui.game3.rs.mail_composer_frames")
 local C = {isMenu = true, open = false}
@@ -23,6 +32,7 @@ function C.manifest()
 end
 function C.write(record, opts)
   opts = opts or {}
+  words, groups = {}, {}
   C._man, C._record, C._session, C._opts = C.manifest(), assert(record), assert(opts.session), opts
   C._before, C.words = copyWords(record.words), copyWords(record.words)
   C.groups = Policy.groups(C._session, opts.gates)
@@ -259,7 +269,7 @@ local function phraseWords()
       local parts = {}
       for col = 0, 1 do
         local i = row * 2 + col + 1
-        if i <= 9 and C.words[i] ~= Policy.EMPTY then parts[#parts + 1] = Easy.rawWord(C.words[i]) .. " " end
+        if i <= 9 and C.words[i] ~= Policy.EMPTY then parts[#parts + 1] = wordText(C.words[i]) .. " " end
       end
       text(table.concat(parts), 40, row * 16, "phrase")
     end
@@ -271,7 +281,7 @@ local function phraseWords()
       local image = assert(Kit.image(C._man.blankWord))
       love.graphics.setColor(1, 1, 1, 1)
       Fx.draw(function() love.graphics.draw(image, x, y) end, C._pal:fx(0))
-    else text(Easy.rawWord(C.words[i]), x, y, "phrase") end
+    else text(wordText(C.words[i]), x, y, "phrase") end
   end
 end
 local function pickerText()
@@ -293,7 +303,7 @@ local function pickerText()
         local word = (view == "groups" and C.groups or C._list)[row * 2 + col + 1]
         if word then
           local x = (view == "groups" and 16 or 48) + col * 88
-          text(view == "groups" and word.name or word.text, x, 88 + (row - state.top) * 16 + offset, "picker")
+          text(view == "groups" and groupText(word) or wordText(word.id), x, 88 + (row - state.top) * 16 + offset, "picker")
         end
       end
     end
diff --git a/src/ui/game3/rs/mail_reader.lua b/src/ui/game3/rs/mail_reader.lua
index b587e5f2..5da71047 100644
--- a/src/ui/game3/rs/mail_reader.lua
+++ b/src/ui/game3/rs/mail_reader.lua
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ function Reader.content(mail, man)
     local parts = {}
     for i = 1, line.words do
       local id = tonumber(mail.words and mail.words[word]) or 65535
-      parts[#parts + 1] = Easy.rawWord(id)
+      parts[#parts + 1] = Easy.word(id)
       if i < line.words and id ~= 65535 then parts[#parts + 1] = " " end
       word = word + 1
     end
diff --git a/src/ui/game3/rs/trainer_card.lua b/src/ui/game3/rs/trainer_card.lua
index 6640066b..caadbd55 100644
--- a/src/ui/game3/rs/trainer_card.lua
+++ b/src/ui/game3/rs/trainer_card.lua
@@ -18,6 +18,12 @@ local function copiedCard(card)
   out.stars = math.max(0, math.min(4, math.floor(tonumber(out.stars) or 0)))
   return out
 end
+local function profilePhrase(card)
+  local Easy, words = require("src.core.game3.easy_chat_text"), card.easyChatProfile or {}
+  local out = {}
+  for row = 0, 1 do out[row + 1] = Easy.word(words[row * 2 + 1] or 65535) .. " " .. Easy.word(words[row * 2 + 2] or 65535) end
+  return out
+end
 function T.show(opts)
   opts = opts or {}
   local rt = package.loaded["src.core.game3.runtime"]
@@ -25,6 +31,7 @@ function T.show(opts)
   T._clockSession = opts.clockSession or (rt and rt.getSession and rt.getSession()) or T._session
   T._link = opts.linkCard == true or (T._session.dex == nil and T._session.stars ~= nil)
   T._card = T._link and copiedCard(T._session) or Policy.generate(T._session)
+  T._phrase = T._link and profilePhrase(T._card) or nil
   T._man, T._onClose = T.manifest(), opts.onClose
   T.open, T.side, T._phase, T._setup = true, "front", "setup", 0
   T._pal, T._stepper = Pal.new(), Kit.stepper()
@@ -143,8 +150,8 @@ function T.texts(card, side, colon)
     local time = T._link and c or T._session
     put("time", tostring(tonumber(time.playTimeHours) or 0) .. (colon and " : " or "   ") .. string.format("%02d", tonumber(time.playTimeMinutes) or 0), 80, 96, "values", false, 48)
     if T._link then
-      local Easy, words = require("src.core.game3.easy_chat_text"), c.easyChatProfile or {}
-      for row = 0, 1 do put("phrase" .. row, Easy.rawWord(words[row * 2 + 1] or 65535) .. " " .. Easy.rawWord(words[row * 2 + 2] or 65535), 16, 112 + row * 16) end
+      local phrase = T._phrase or profilePhrase(c)
+      for row = 0, 1 do put("phrase" .. row, phrase[row + 1], 16, 112 + row * 16) end
     end
   else
     put("name", c.name .. s.nameSuffix, 224, 16, "values", true)
diff --git a/src/ui/game3/rs/trendy_phrase.lua b/src/ui/game3/rs/trendy_phrase.lua
index 5e3407e7..37ee7b6c 100644
--- a/src/ui/game3/rs/trendy_phrase.lua
+++ b/src/ui/game3/rs/trendy_phrase.lua
@@ -6,6 +6,15 @@ local Cursor = require("src.ui.game3.rs.menu_cursor")
 local Pal = require("src.core.game3.pal_fade")
 local Fx = require("src.core.game3.gba_fx")
 local Easy = require("src.core.game3.easy_chat_text")
+local words, groups = {}, {}
+local function wordText(id)
+  if words[id] == nil then words[id] = Easy.word(id) end
+  return words[id]
+end
+local function groupText(group)
+  if groups[group] == nil then groups[group] = Easy.groupName(group) end
+  return groups[group]
+end
 local Policy = require("src.ui.game3.rs.trendy_phrase_policy")
 local Frames = require("src.ui.game3.rs.trendy_phrase_frames")
 local C = {isMenu = true, open = false}
@@ -27,6 +36,7 @@ function C.manifest()
 end
 function C.show(opts)
   opts = opts or {}
+  words, groups = {}, {}
   C._man, C._session, C._opts = C.manifest(), assert(opts.session), opts
   C._before, C.words = copyWords(opts.words), copyWords(opts.words)
   C.groups = Policy.groups(C._session, opts.gates)
@@ -264,7 +274,7 @@ local function triangle(x, y)
 end
 local function phraseWords()
   if C._confirm and C._confirm.kind == "save" then
-    text(Easy.rawWord(C.words[1]) .. " " .. Easy.rawWord(C.words[2]) .. " ", 48, 24, "phrase")
+    text(wordText(C.words[1]) .. " " .. wordText(C.words[2]) .. " ", 48, 24, "phrase")
     return
   end
   for i = 1, 2 do
@@ -273,7 +283,7 @@ local function phraseWords()
       local image = assert(Kit.image(C._man.blankWord))
       love.graphics.setColor(1, 1, 1, 1)
       Fx.draw(function() love.graphics.draw(image, x, y) end, C._pal:fx(0))
-    else text(Easy.rawWord(C.words[i]), x, y, "phrase") end
+    else text(wordText(C.words[i]), x, y, "phrase") end
   end
 end
 local function pickerText()
@@ -295,7 +305,7 @@ local function pickerText()
         local word = (view == "groups" and C.groups or C._list)[row * 2 + col + 1]
         if word then
           local x = (view == "groups" and 16 or 48) + col * 88
-          text(view == "groups" and word.name or word.text, x, 88 + (row - state.top) * 16 + offset, "picker")
+          text(view == "groups" and groupText(word) or wordText(word.id), x, 88 + (row - state.top) * 16 + offset, "picker")
         end
       end
     end
diff --git a/tests/engine/game3_rs_translation_runtime_test.lua b/tests/engine/game3_rs_translation_runtime_test.lua
index c9a08427..94e7bcd5 100644
--- a/tests/engine/game3_rs_translation_runtime_test.lua
+++ b/tests/engine/game3_rs_translation_runtime_test.lua
@@ -193,6 +193,43 @@ check(Painting.caption(0, winner, nil, PAINT) == "NORMAL WINNER MAY's ZIGZATON",
 BUNDLE.text.gOtherText_Unknown1 = ir(" von ")
 check(Painting.caption(0, winner, nil, PAINT) == "NORMAL WINNER ZIGZATON von MAY", "a European hall caption names the POKéMON first")
 
+-- Easy Chat: what the player reads prints each word translated
+-- (EasyChatText.word); what the scripts compare keeps the cart's word.
+package.loaded["src.core.game3.easy_chat_text"] = {
+  -- 1513 is 513's cart word under another id, translated differently
+  rawWord = function(id) return "RAW" .. id % 1000 end, word = function(id) return "MOT" .. id end,
+  group = function() return { words = { { id = 513, text = "RAW513" } } } end,
+}
+package.loaded["src.core.game3.rs.dewford_trend"] = { editorValid = function() return true end,
+  trySetTrendyPhrase = function() return true end }
+local Contracts = require("src.core.game3.rs.easy_chat_contracts")
+local trend = Contracts.commit({ type = 9, wordCount = 2, before = { 0xFFFF, 0xFFFF }, session = {} }, { 513, 514 })
+check(trend.stringVar2 == "MOT513 MOT514", "the trendy phrase the script prints is translated")
+check(trend.result == 1, "a new trend counts as a change")
+local same = Contracts.commit({ type = 9, wordCount = 2, before = { 1513, 514 }, session = {} }, { 513, 514 })
+check(same.result == 0, "the change is measured on the cart's words, not their translation")
+check(require("src.core.game3.rs.tv_playback").word(513) == "MOT513", "the TV prints a word translated")
+-- Gabby and Ty's last quote is printed from the cart's bytes: a translated
+-- word the cart's charset cannot hold keeps the cart's word.
+local Routes = require("src.core.game3.scripting.natives_rs_tv_routes")
+local Rse, Tv = require("src.core.game3.rse.init"), require("src.core.game3.rse.tv")
+local session, gabbyData = { version = "ruby" }, { quote = {} }
+local rseSession, tvState = Rse.session, Tv.state
+Rse.session = function() return session end
+Tv.state = function() return { gabbyAndTyData = gabbyData } end
+local function lastQuote()
+  gabbyData.quote[0] = 513
+  local ctx = {}
+  Routes.BY_NAME.GabbyAndTyGetLastQuote(ctx, nil)
+  return ctx.stringVars[1]
+end
+check(lastQuote() == "MOT513", "Gabby and Ty quote a word translated")
+local EASY = package.loaded["src.core.game3.easy_chat_text"]
+local word = EASY.word
+EASY.word = function() return "ともだち" end
+check(lastQuote() == "RAW513", "a word the cart cannot print keeps the cart's word")
+EASY.word, Rse.session, Tv.state = word, rseSession, tvState
+
 if failed > 0 then
   print(failed .. " check(s) failed")
   os.exit(1)

From 6a5d69adb81d42ccf0337168710161c84f610d88 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: thibautbus <310327033+thibautbus@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Tue, 6 Oct 2026 14:17:59 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 5/9] Print Ruby and Sapphire's party menu actions from the
 cart's text

The Ruby/Sapphire party menu printed its actions from the rse/menus
pack's cursor options, plain English strings the extractor copied from
sPokemonMenuActions, and a field move's English label, so a translation
mod's SUMMARY, SWITCH, ITEM and the others never showed. The actions now
read the script cache by the labels sPokemonMenuActions points at
(pokeruby/src/pokemon_menu.c:126), with the pack's copy as the fallback,
and a field move prints its move's name, as the cart does; Emerald's
party menu does the same since gen1recomp#2678.
---
 src/ui/game3/rs/party_menu_data.lua             | 17 ++++++++++++++---
 .../game3_rs_translation_runtime_test.lua       | 12 ++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 26 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/ui/game3/rs/party_menu_data.lua b/src/ui/game3/rs/party_menu_data.lua
index 1134d402..b44a3450 100644
--- a/src/ui/game3/rs/party_menu_data.lua
+++ b/src/ui/game3/rs/party_menu_data.lua
@@ -12,12 +12,23 @@ local function menuData()
   return assert(require("src.ui.game3.rse.scene_kit").manifest(Data.manifest).party)
 end
 
+-- pokeruby/src/pokemon_menu.c:126
+Data.actionLabels = {"OtherText_Summary", "OtherText_Switch2", "OtherText_Item", "gOtherText_CancelNoTerminator",
+  "OtherText_Give2", "OtherText_Take2", "OtherText_Take", "OtherText_Mail", "OtherText_Read2",
+  "gOtherText_CancelNoTerminator"}
+
 function Data.actionText(action, fields)
+  local RomText = require("src.core.game3.rom_text")
   local nativeId = Data.actionIds[action]
-  if nativeId then return assert(menuData().cursorOptions[nativeId + 1]) end
-  if Data.extraLabels[action] then return require("src.core.game3.rom_text").plain(Data.extraLabels[action]) end
+  if nativeId then
+    local label = Data.actionLabels[nativeId + 1]
+    if RomText.has(label) then return RomText.plain(label) end
+    return assert(menuData().cursorOptions[nativeId + 1])
+  end
+  if Data.extraLabels[action] then return RomText.plain(Data.extraLabels[action]) end
   assert(fields and fields.index[action] ~= nil, "unknown native RS party action: " .. tostring(action))
-  return action
+  local move = fields.moves and fields.moves[fields.index[action] + 1]
+  return move and require("src.core.game3.pokemon").moveName(move) or action
 end
 
 function Data.buildActions(mon, party, fields)
diff --git a/tests/engine/game3_rs_translation_runtime_test.lua b/tests/engine/game3_rs_translation_runtime_test.lua
index 94e7bcd5..5a95b2a1 100644
--- a/tests/engine/game3_rs_translation_runtime_test.lua
+++ b/tests/engine/game3_rs_translation_runtime_test.lua
@@ -230,6 +230,18 @@ EASY.word = function() return "ともだち" end
 check(lastQuote() == "RAW513", "a word the cart cannot print keeps the cart's word")
 EASY.word, Rse.session, Tv.state = word, rseSession, tvState
 
+
+-- The party menu's actions (pokeruby/src/pokemon_menu.c:126) read the
+-- script cache by their pret labels, and a field move prints its move's name.
+MANIFESTS["rse/menus"] = { party = { cursorOptions = { "SUMMARY", "SWITCH", "ITEM", "CANCEL", "GIVE", "TAKE",
+  "TAKE", "MAIL", "READ", "CANCEL", "CUT" } } }
+package.loaded["src.core.game3.pokemon"].moveName = function(move) return move == 15 and "COUPE" or nil end
+local PartyData = require("src.ui.game3.rs.party_menu_data")
+BUNDLE.text = { OtherText_Summary = ir("RESUME"), OtherText_Take = ir("PRENDRE") }
+check(PartyData.actionText("SUMMARY") == "RESUME", "a party action reads the cache by its label")
+check(PartyData.actionText("TAKE_MAIL") == "PRENDRE", "the mail's TAKE reads its own label")
+check(PartyData.actionText("SWITCH") == "SWITCH", "an action missing from the cache keeps the pack's copy")
+check(PartyData.actionText("CUT", { index = { CUT = 0 }, moves = { 15 } }) == "COUPE", "a field move prints its move's name")
 if failed > 0 then
   print(failed .. " check(s) failed")
   os.exit(1)

From 117af9f40c02fe52c4b436cdb5be7449fefc3ee7 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: thibautbus <310327033+thibautbus@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Tue, 6 Oct 2026 16:53:29 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 6/9] Resolve Ruby and Sapphire's party menu actions once per
 menu

Data.drawActions looked each action's text up in the script cache on every frame. It now draws the texts the party menu resolves once for each action list (action_texts, exposed as PartyMenu._actionTextsFor), as Emerald's and FireRed's menus already do.
---
 src/ui/game3/party_menu.lua                        |  1 +
 src/ui/game3/rs/party_menu_data.lua                |  3 ++-
 tests/engine/game3_rs_translation_runtime_test.lua | 14 ++++++++++++++
 3 files changed, 17 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/src/ui/game3/party_menu.lua b/src/ui/game3/party_menu.lua
index 83cc27a7..7002fcf4 100644
--- a/src/ui/game3/party_menu.lua
+++ b/src/ui/game3/party_menu.lua
@@ -137,6 +137,7 @@ local function action_texts(list)
   PartyMenu._actionTexts = { list = list, texts = texts }
   return texts
 end
+PartyMenu._actionTextsFor = action_texts
 
 local FR_INSETS = { msgX = 2, msgY = 2, actX = 9, actY = 2, cursorX = 1 }
 local function textInsets()
diff --git a/src/ui/game3/rs/party_menu_data.lua b/src/ui/game3/rs/party_menu_data.lua
index b44a3450..78862ebb 100644
--- a/src/ui/game3/rs/party_menu_data.lua
+++ b/src/ui/game3/rs/party_menu_data.lua
@@ -179,7 +179,8 @@ function Data.drawActions(ui, item)
   local Font = require("src.ui.game3.frlg_font")
   prompt(item and ui._submenuKind ~= "MAIL" and 13 or 5, item and (ui._submenuKind == "MAIL" and 18 or 21) or 17)
   require("src.ui.game3.chrome").stdFrame(left + 1, top + 1, width - 1, count * 2)
-  for i, action in ipairs(actions) do Font.draw(Data.actionText(action, ui._fieldMoveData), (left + 1) * 8, (top + 1) * 8 + (i - 1) * 16,
+  local texts = ui._actionTextsFor(actions)
+  for i in ipairs(actions) do Font.draw(texts[i], (left + 1) * 8, (top + 1) * 8 + (i - 1) * 16,
     require("src.ui.game3.rs.party_chrome").textOptions("menu")) end
   local cursor = item and ui.itemActionCursor or ui.actionCursor
   require("src.ui.game3.rs.menu_cursor").draw((left + 1) * 8, (top + 1) * 8 + (cursor - 1) * 16, (width - 1) * 8)
diff --git a/tests/engine/game3_rs_translation_runtime_test.lua b/tests/engine/game3_rs_translation_runtime_test.lua
index 5a95b2a1..5984a2e7 100644
--- a/tests/engine/game3_rs_translation_runtime_test.lua
+++ b/tests/engine/game3_rs_translation_runtime_test.lua
@@ -242,6 +242,20 @@ check(PartyData.actionText("SUMMARY") == "RESUME", "a party action reads the cac
 check(PartyData.actionText("TAKE_MAIL") == "PRENDRE", "the mail's TAKE reads its own label")
 check(PartyData.actionText("SWITCH") == "SWITCH", "an action missing from the cache keeps the pack's copy")
 check(PartyData.actionText("CUT", { index = { CUT = 0 }, moves = { 15 } }) == "COUPE", "a field move prints its move's name")
+MANIFESTS["rse/party"] = { prompts = setmetatable({}, { __index = function() return "PROMPT" end }) }
+local drawn, resolved = {}, 0
+local font, chrome, cursor, partyChrome = package.loaded["src.ui.game3.frlg_font"], package.loaded["src.ui.game3.chrome"],
+  package.loaded["src.ui.game3.rs.menu_cursor"], package.loaded["src.ui.game3.rs.party_chrome"]
+package.loaded["src.ui.game3.frlg_font"] = { draw = function(text) drawn[#drawn + 1] = text end }
+package.loaded["src.ui.game3.chrome"] = { stdFrame = function() end }
+package.loaded["src.ui.game3.rs.menu_cursor"] = { draw = function() end }
+package.loaded["src.ui.game3.rs.party_chrome"] = { textOptions = function() return {} end }
+local menu = { ACTIONS = { "SUMMARY", "CANCEL" }, actionCursor = 1,
+  _actionTextsFor = function(list) resolved = resolved + 1 return { "RESUME", "RETOUR" } end }
+PartyData.drawActions(menu, false)
+check(drawn[2] == "RESUME" and drawn[3] == "RETOUR" and resolved == 1, "the action menu draws the texts resolved for its list")
+package.loaded["src.ui.game3.frlg_font"], package.loaded["src.ui.game3.chrome"] = font, chrome
+package.loaded["src.ui.game3.rs.menu_cursor"], package.loaded["src.ui.game3.rs.party_chrome"] = cursor, partyChrome
 if failed > 0 then
   print(failed .. " check(s) failed")
   os.exit(1)

From 359f41ff766001bb9c60cc2f8cbbd54ecd08d6e9 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: thibautbus <310327033+thibautbus@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Tue, 6 Oct 2026 18:09:27 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 7/9] Print Ruby and Sapphire's party menu prompts from the
 cart's text
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit

The party menu's prompts (Do what with {STR_VAR_1}?, Choose a POKéMON., Move to where?...) printed the rse/party pack's copies, plain English strings that also dropped the POKéMON's name from Do what with {STR_VAR_1}?. They now read the script cache by their PartyMenuPromptTexts slot, with the selected POKéMON's name as STR_VAR_1, the pack's copy as the fallback; a prompt is resolved once for the menu or mode that shows it.
---
 src/ui/game3/rs/party_menu_data.lua           | 22 ++++++++++++++-----
 .../game3_rs_translation_runtime_test.lua     | 10 +++++++++
 2 files changed, 27 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/ui/game3/rs/party_menu_data.lua b/src/ui/game3/rs/party_menu_data.lua
index 78862ebb..5805a602 100644
--- a/src/ui/game3/rs/party_menu_data.lua
+++ b/src/ui/game3/rs/party_menu_data.lua
@@ -163,11 +163,23 @@ function Data.drawDescription(desc, x, y)
   love.graphics.draw(image, quad, x, y)
 end
 
-local function prompt(id, width)
+local function promptText(id, name)
+  local RomText = require("src.core.game3.rom_text")
+  local key = RomText.key("PartyMenuPromptTexts", id)
+  if RomText.has(key) then return RomText.plain(key, {stringVars = {name or ""}}) end
+  return assert(require("src.ui.game3.rse.scene_kit").manifest("rse/party").prompts[id + 1])
+end
+
+local function prompt(ui, anchor, id, width)
+  local memo = ui._rsPrompt
+  if not (memo and memo.anchor == anchor and memo.id == id) then
+    local mon = id == 5 and ui._party and ui._party[ui.cursor]
+    memo = {anchor = anchor, id = id, text = promptText(id, mon and require("src.core.game3.pokemon").displayName(mon))}
+    ui._rsPrompt = memo
+  end
   local Chrome = require("src.ui.game3.chrome")
   Chrome.stdFrame(1, 17, width, 2)
-  require("src.ui.game3.frlg_font").draw(assert(require("src.ui.game3.rse.scene_kit").manifest("rse/party").prompts[id + 1]), 8, 136,
-    require("src.ui.game3.rs.party_chrome").textOptions("menu"))
+  require("src.ui.game3.frlg_font").draw(memo.text, 8, 136, require("src.ui.game3.rs.party_chrome").textOptions("menu"))
 end
 
 function Data.drawActions(ui, item)
@@ -177,7 +189,7 @@ function Data.drawActions(ui, item)
   local left = item and (30 - (width + 1)) or 19
   local top = item and (20 - (count * 2 + 2)) or (18 - count * 2)
   local Font = require("src.ui.game3.frlg_font")
-  prompt(item and ui._submenuKind ~= "MAIL" and 13 or 5, item and (ui._submenuKind == "MAIL" and 18 or 21) or 17)
+  prompt(ui, actions, item and ui._submenuKind ~= "MAIL" and 13 or 5, item and (ui._submenuKind == "MAIL" and 18 or 21) or 17)
   require("src.ui.game3.chrome").stdFrame(left + 1, top + 1, width - 1, count * 2)
   local texts = ui._actionTextsFor(actions)
   for i in ipairs(actions) do Font.draw(texts[i], (left + 1) * 8, (top + 1) * 8 + (i - 1) * 16,
@@ -192,7 +204,7 @@ function Data.drawPrompt(ui)
   elseif ui.mode == "give" then id = 4
   elseif ui.mode == "move_tutor" then id = 20
   elseif ui.mode == "use" then id = require("src.core.game3.items_data").isTm(ui._item) and 2 or 3 end
-  prompt(id, 22)
+  prompt(ui, ui.mode, id, 22)
 end
 
 function Data.yesNoLabels()
diff --git a/tests/engine/game3_rs_translation_runtime_test.lua b/tests/engine/game3_rs_translation_runtime_test.lua
index 5984a2e7..9f859b2b 100644
--- a/tests/engine/game3_rs_translation_runtime_test.lua
+++ b/tests/engine/game3_rs_translation_runtime_test.lua
@@ -254,6 +254,16 @@ local menu = { ACTIONS = { "SUMMARY", "CANCEL" }, actionCursor = 1,
   _actionTextsFor = function(list) resolved = resolved + 1 return { "RESUME", "RETOUR" } end }
 PartyData.drawActions(menu, false)
 check(drawn[2] == "RESUME" and drawn[3] == "RETOUR" and resolved == 1, "the action menu draws the texts resolved for its list")
+package.loaded["src.core.game3.pokemon"].displayName = function(mon) return mon.nickname end
+BUNDLE.text = { ["PartyMenuPromptTexts[5]"] = { { t = "text", s = "Que faire avec " }, { t = "strvar", n = 1 },
+  { t = "text", s = "?" }, { t = "eos" } } }
+drawn, menu.ACTIONS, menu._party, menu.cursor = {}, { "SUMMARY", "CANCEL" }, { { nickname = "POUSSIFEU" } }, 1
+PartyData.drawActions(menu, false)
+check(drawn[1] == "Que faire avec POUSSIFEU?", "the action prompt reads the cache and names the POKeMON")
+BUNDLE.text = {}
+drawn = {}
+PartyData.drawActions(menu, false)
+check(drawn[1] == "Que faire avec POUSSIFEU?", "the prompt resolved for this menu is drawn again without a lookup")
 package.loaded["src.ui.game3.frlg_font"], package.loaded["src.ui.game3.chrome"] = font, chrome
 package.loaded["src.ui.game3.rs.menu_cursor"], package.loaded["src.ui.game3.rs.party_chrome"] = cursor, partyChrome
 if failed > 0 then

From 870411b88ee2f8986d8e4283acc148743fcd6d0e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: thibautbus <310327033+thibautbus@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Tue, 6 Oct 2026 18:09:27 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 8/9] Translate the contest move effect description on Ruby and
 Sapphire's summary

The CONTEST MOVES page printed the contest effect's description as the contest moves pack has it. It now goes through SummaryData.contestEffectDescription, as Emerald's summary does, resolved once per effect while the summary is open.
---
 src/ui/game3/rs/summary_menu.lua | 6 +++++-
 1 file changed, 5 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/src/ui/game3/rs/summary_menu.lua b/src/ui/game3/rs/summary_menu.lua
index 4aff20cf..2ba53e66 100644
--- a/src/ui/game3/rs/summary_menu.lua
+++ b/src/ui/game3/rs/summary_menu.lua
@@ -50,6 +50,7 @@ local function detailRows(open) S._detailRowsOpen = open end
 function S.openMenu(party, index, opts)
   opts = opts or {}
   S._man, S._party, S._opts = S.manifest(), party or {}, opts
+  S._contestDescriptions = {}
   S._cursor = index or 1
   S._playerState = opts.playerState or opts.session
     or require("src.core.game3.runtime").getSession()
@@ -500,7 +501,10 @@ local function moves()
         local amount = value == 255 and 0 or math.floor(value / 10)
         for i = 0, 7 do frame(S._man.hearts, row == 1 and (i < amount and 1 or 0) or (i < amount and 3 or 4), 48 + i % 4 * 8, 120 + (row - 1) * 16 + math.floor(i / 4) * 8) end
       end
-      print(effect.description, 88, 120, 255)
+      local descriptions = S._contestDescriptions or {}
+      S._contestDescriptions = descriptions
+      descriptions[effect] = descriptions[effect] or SummaryData.contestEffectDescription(effect)
+      print(descriptions[effect], 88, 120, 255)
     else
       local def = Pokemon.battleMove(id)
       text("gOtherText_Power2", 8, 120); text("gOtherText_Accuracy2", 8, 136)

From 2d404a7dc77a2c5bc2c68eae310b89491d992fdb Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: thibautbus <310327033+thibautbus@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Tue, 6 Oct 2026 22:06:51 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 9/9] Resolve Ruby and Sapphire's party prompts again each time
 the menu opens
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit

The prompt a mode shows (Choose a POKéMON., Move to where?...) was kept on the party menu for the rest of the session. PartyMenu.show now clears it, like the menu's other per-open state, so a prompt is resolved once per opening.
---
 src/ui/game3/party_menu.lua                        | 1 +
 tests/engine/game3_rs_translation_runtime_test.lua | 7 +++++++
 2 files changed, 8 insertions(+)

diff --git a/src/ui/game3/party_menu.lua b/src/ui/game3/party_menu.lua
index 7002fcf4..306cf006 100644
--- a/src/ui/game3/party_menu.lua
+++ b/src/ui/game3/party_menu.lua
@@ -945,6 +945,7 @@ function PartyMenu.show(sessionParty, moveOverlay, opts)
   end
   opts = opts or {}
   PartyMenu._order = nil
+  PartyMenu._rsPrompt = nil
   if opts.mode == "battle_switch" or opts.mode == "battle_faint" or (opts.mode == "use" and opts.battleOrder) then
     local party0 = sessionParty or (opts.session and opts.session.party)
     local ov0 = moveOverlay or (opts.session and (opts.session.move_overlay or opts.session.moveOverlay))
diff --git a/tests/engine/game3_rs_translation_runtime_test.lua b/tests/engine/game3_rs_translation_runtime_test.lua
index 9f859b2b..70c7421c 100644
--- a/tests/engine/game3_rs_translation_runtime_test.lua
+++ b/tests/engine/game3_rs_translation_runtime_test.lua
@@ -254,6 +254,7 @@ local menu = { ACTIONS = { "SUMMARY", "CANCEL" }, actionCursor = 1,
   _actionTextsFor = function(list) resolved = resolved + 1 return { "RESUME", "RETOUR" } end }
 PartyData.drawActions(menu, false)
 check(drawn[2] == "RESUME" and drawn[3] == "RETOUR" and resolved == 1, "the action menu draws the texts resolved for its list")
+local displayName = package.loaded["src.core.game3.pokemon"].displayName
 package.loaded["src.core.game3.pokemon"].displayName = function(mon) return mon.nickname end
 BUNDLE.text = { ["PartyMenuPromptTexts[5]"] = { { t = "text", s = "Que faire avec " }, { t = "strvar", n = 1 },
   { t = "text", s = "?" }, { t = "eos" } } }
@@ -264,6 +265,12 @@ BUNDLE.text = {}
 drawn = {}
 PartyData.drawActions(menu, false)
 check(drawn[1] == "Que faire avec POUSSIFEU?", "the prompt resolved for this menu is drawn again without a lookup")
+BUNDLE.text = { ["PartyMenuPromptTexts[5]"] = { { t = "text", s = "Que faire avec " }, { t = "strvar", n = 1 },
+  { t = "text", s = "?" }, { t = "eos" } } }
+drawn, menu.ACTIONS, menu._party = {}, { "SUMMARY", "CANCEL" }, { { nickname = "GOBOU" } }
+PartyData.drawActions(menu, false)
+check(drawn[1] == "Que faire avec GOBOU?", "a new action menu names its own POKeMON")
+package.loaded["src.core.game3.pokemon"].displayName = displayName
 package.loaded["src.ui.game3.frlg_font"], package.loaded["src.ui.game3.chrome"] = font, chrome
 package.loaded["src.ui.game3.rs.menu_cursor"], package.loaded["src.ui.game3.rs.party_chrome"] = cursor, partyChrome
 if failed > 0 then