diff --git a/common/custom_data/TFrag3Data.cpp b/common/custom_data/TFrag3Data.cpp
index c42003e3f4..e50365ad30 100644
--- a/common/custom_data/TFrag3Data.cpp
+++ b/common/custom_data/TFrag3Data.cpp
@@ -492,6 +492,7 @@ void MercDraw::serialize(Serializer& ser) {
   ser.from_ptr(&first_index);
   ser.from_ptr(&index_count);
   ser.from_ptr(&num_triangles);
+  ser.from_ptr(&no_strip);
 }
 
 void Blerc::serialize(Serializer& ser) {
diff --git a/common/custom_data/Tfrag3Data.h b/common/custom_data/Tfrag3Data.h
index bd951e7e88..35d27f01a1 100644
--- a/common/custom_data/Tfrag3Data.h
+++ b/common/custom_data/Tfrag3Data.h
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ namespace tfrag3 {
 // - if changing any large things (vertices, vis, bvh, colors, textures) update get_memory_usage
 // - if adding a new category to the memory usage, update extract_level to print it.
 
-constexpr int TFRAG3_VERSION = 40;
+constexpr int TFRAG3_VERSION = 41;
 
 enum MemoryUsageCategory {
   TEXTURE,
@@ -530,6 +530,8 @@ struct MercDraw {
   u32 first_index;
   u32 index_count;
   u32 num_triangles;
+  // no strip hack for custom models
+  bool no_strip = false;
   void serialize(Serializer& ser);
 };
 
diff --git a/custom_assets/jak1/models/test-actor.glb b/custom_assets/jak1/models/test-actor.glb
index 49bac261e1..7b69a61534 100644
Binary files a/custom_assets/jak1/models/test-actor.glb and b/custom_assets/jak1/models/test-actor.glb differ
diff --git a/game/graphics/opengl_renderer/foreground/Merc2.cpp b/game/graphics/opengl_renderer/foreground/Merc2.cpp
index 15c12d15dc..7487f752d8 100644
--- a/game/graphics/opengl_renderer/foreground/Merc2.cpp
+++ b/game/graphics/opengl_renderer/foreground/Merc2.cpp
@@ -1093,6 +1093,7 @@ Merc2::Draw* Merc2::alloc_normal_draw(const tfrag3::MercDraw& mdraw,
   draw->first_bone = first_bone;
   draw->light_idx = lights;
   draw->num_triangles = mdraw.num_triangles;
+  draw->no_strip = mdraw.no_strip;
   if (ignore_alpha) {
     draw->flags |= IGNORE_ALPHA;
   }
@@ -1283,8 +1284,8 @@ void Merc2::do_draws(const Draw* draw_array,
     prof.add_tri(draw.num_triangles);
     glBindBufferRange(GL_UNIFORM_BUFFER, 1, m_bones_buffer,
                       sizeof(math::Vector4f) * draw.first_bone, 128 * sizeof(ShaderMercMat));
-    glDrawElements(GL_TRIANGLE_STRIP, draw.index_count, GL_UNSIGNED_INT,
-                   (void*)(sizeof(u32) * draw.first_index));
+    glDrawElements(draw.no_strip ? GL_TRIANGLES : GL_TRIANGLE_STRIP, draw.index_count,
+                   GL_UNSIGNED_INT, (void*)(sizeof(u32) * draw.first_index));
   }
 
   if (!normal_vtx_buffer_bound) {
diff --git a/game/graphics/opengl_renderer/foreground/Merc2.h b/game/graphics/opengl_renderer/foreground/Merc2.h
index b3ad2e8c2f..166d7d05af 100644
--- a/game/graphics/opengl_renderer/foreground/Merc2.h
+++ b/game/graphics/opengl_renderer/foreground/Merc2.h
@@ -190,6 +190,8 @@ class Merc2 {
     u8 flags;
     ModBuffers mod_vtx_buffer;
     u8 fade[4];
+    // no strip hack for custom models
+    u8 no_strip;
   };
 
   struct LevelDrawBucket {
diff --git a/goal_src/jak1/game.gp b/goal_src/jak1/game.gp
index 03785582cd..1bb71aa7de 100644
--- a/goal_src/jak1/game.gp
+++ b/goal_src/jak1/game.gp
@@ -224,9 +224,9 @@
               :tool 'build-level
               :out '(,(string-append "$OUT/obj/" name ".go")))))
 
-(defmacro build-actor (name)
+(defmacro build-actor (name &key (gen-mesh #f))
   (let* ((path (string-append "custom_assets/jak1/models/" name ".glb")))
-    `(defstep :in ,path
+    `(defstep :in '(,path ,(symbol->string gen-mesh))
               :tool 'build-actor
               :out '(,(string-append "$OUT/obj/" name "-ag.go")))))
 
@@ -1660,7 +1660,8 @@
 
 ;; generate the art group for a custom actor.
 ;; requires a .glb model file in custom_assets/jak1/models
-(build-actor "test-actor")
+;; to also generate a collide-mesh, add :gen-mesh #t
+(build-actor "test-actor" :gen-mesh #t)
 
 ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
 ;; Game Engine Code
diff --git a/goal_src/jak1/levels/test-zone/test-zone-obs.gc b/goal_src/jak1/levels/test-zone/test-zone-obs.gc
index 6715ff573d..b2801c6cb8 100644
--- a/goal_src/jak1/levels/test-zone/test-zone-obs.gc
+++ b/goal_src/jak1/levels/test-zone/test-zone-obs.gc
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
 
 (defskelgroup *test-actor-sg* test-actor test-actor-lod0-jg test-actor-idle-ja
               ((test-actor-lod0-mg (meters 9999999)))
-              :bounds (static-spherem 0 0 0 4.5)
+              :bounds (static-spherem 0 0 0 5)
               :texture-level 2
               )
 
@@ -30,20 +30,30 @@
     (set! (-> cshape no-reaction)
           (the (function collide-shape-moving collide-shape-intersect vector vector none) nothing)
           )
-    ;; (let ((mesh (new 'process 'collide-shape-prim-mesh cshape (the uint 0) (the uint 0))))
-    ;;   (set! (-> mesh prim-core collide-as) (collide-kind enemy))
-    ;;   (set! (-> mesh collide-with) (collide-kind target))
-    ;;   (set! (-> mesh transform-index) 6)
-    ;;   (set-vector! (-> mesh local-sphere) 0.0 0.0 0.0 (meters 4.5))
-    ;;   (set-root-prim! cshape mesh)
-    ;;   )
-    (let ((sphere (new 'process 'collide-shape-prim-sphere cshape (the uint 0))))
-      (set! (-> sphere prim-core collide-as) (collide-kind enemy))
-      (set! (-> sphere collide-with) (collide-kind target))
-      (set! (-> sphere prim-core action) (collide-action solid))
-      (set! (-> sphere prim-core offense) (collide-offense normal-attack))
-      (set-vector! (-> sphere local-sphere) 0.0 0.0 0.0 (meters 2))
-      (set-root-prim! cshape sphere)
+    (let ((cgroup (new 'process 'collide-shape-prim-group cshape (the uint 1) 0)))
+      (set! (-> cgroup prim-core collide-as) (collide-kind ground-object))
+      (set! (-> cgroup collide-with) (collide-kind target))
+      (set! (-> cgroup prim-core action) (collide-action solid rider-plat-sticky))
+      (set! (-> cgroup transform-index) 0)
+      (set-vector! (-> cgroup local-sphere) 0.0 0.0 0.0 (meters 5))
+      (set-root-prim! cshape cgroup)
+      (let ((mesh (new 'process 'collide-shape-prim-mesh cshape (the uint 0) (the uint 0))))
+        (set! (-> mesh prim-core collide-as) (collide-kind ground-object))
+        (set! (-> mesh collide-with) (collide-kind target))
+        (set! (-> mesh prim-core action) (collide-action solid rider-plat-sticky))
+        (set! (-> mesh prim-core offense) (collide-offense indestructible))
+        (set! (-> mesh transform-index) 0)
+        (set-vector! (-> mesh local-sphere) 0.0 (meters 0) 0.0 (meters 5))
+        (append-prim cgroup mesh)
+        )
+      ; (let ((sphere (new 'process 'collide-shape-prim-sphere cshape (the uint 0))))
+      ;   (set! (-> sphere prim-core collide-as) (collide-kind enemy))
+      ;   (set! (-> sphere collide-with) (collide-kind target))
+      ;   (set! (-> sphere prim-core action) (collide-action solid))
+      ;   (set! (-> sphere prim-core offense) (collide-offense normal-attack))
+      ;   (set-vector! (-> sphere local-sphere) 0.0 0.0 0.0 (meters 2))
+      ;   (set-root-prim! cshape sphere)
+      ;   )
       )
     (set! (-> cshape nav-radius) (* 0.75 (-> cshape root-prim local-sphere w)))
     (backup-collide-with-as cshape)
@@ -91,9 +101,10 @@
   :event (behavior ((proc process) (argc int) (message symbol) (block event-message-block))
     (case message
       (('attack 'touch)
-       (if (= (-> proc type) target)
-         (send-event proc 'attack #f (static-attack-info ((shove-up (meters 2.5)) (shove-back (meters 7.5)))))
-         )
+       ; (if (= (-> proc type) target)
+       ;   (send-event proc 'attack #f (static-attack-info ((shove-up (meters 2.5)) (shove-back (meters 7.5)))))
+       ;   )
+       #t
        )
       )
     )
@@ -110,6 +121,7 @@
           (update-transforms! (-> self root))
           )
         )
+      ; (debug-draw-tris (-> (res-lump-struct (-> self draw art-group data 0 extra) 'collide-mesh-group (array collide-mesh)) 0) self 2)
       ; (dotimes (i (-> self node-list length))
       ;   (let* ((joint (-> self node-list data i)) (jpos (vector<-cspace! (new-stack-vector0) joint)))
       ;     (add-debug-sphere #t (bucket-id debug) jpos (meters 0.1) (static-rgba 0 #xff 0 #x40))
diff --git a/goalc/build_actor/common/MercExtract.cpp b/goalc/build_actor/common/MercExtract.cpp
index bb49f7db58..f56c48a920 100644
--- a/goalc/build_actor/common/MercExtract.cpp
+++ b/goalc/build_actor/common/MercExtract.cpp
@@ -2,6 +2,8 @@
 
 #include "common/log/log.h"
 
+#include <goalc/build_level/common/gltf_mesh_extract.h>
+
 void extract(const std::string& name,
              MercExtractData& out,
              const tinygltf::Model& model,
@@ -17,10 +19,28 @@ void extract(const std::string& name,
 
   for (const auto& n : all_nodes) {
     const auto& node = model.nodes[n.node_idx];
+    if (node.extras.Has("set_invisible") && node.extras.Get("set_invisible").Get<int>()) {
+      continue;
+    }
+    // gltf_mesh_extract::PatResult mesh_default_collide =
+    //     gltf_mesh_extract::custom_props_to_pat(node.extras, node.name);
     if (node.mesh >= 0) {
       const auto& mesh = model.meshes[node.mesh];
       mesh_count++;
       for (const auto& prim : mesh.primitives) {
+        // get material
+        // const auto& mat_idx = prim.material;
+        // gltf_mesh_extract::PatResult pat = mesh_default_collide;
+        // if (mat_idx != -1) {
+        //   const auto& mat = model.materials[mat_idx];
+        //   auto mat_pat = gltf_mesh_extract::custom_props_to_pat(mat.extras, mat.name);
+        //   if (mat_pat.set) {
+        //     pat = mat_pat;
+        //   }
+        // }
+        // if (pat.set && pat.ignore) {
+        //   continue;  // skip, no collide here
+        // }
         prim_count++;
         // extract index buffer
         std::vector<u32> prim_indices = gltf_util::gltf_index_buffer(
@@ -40,6 +60,7 @@ void extract(const std::string& name,
         draw.mode = gltf_util::make_default_draw_mode();  // todo rm
         draw.tree_tex_id = 0;                             // todo rm
         draw.num_triangles += prim_indices.size() / 3;
+        draw.no_strip = true;
         //        if (draw.vis_groups.empty()) {
         //          auto& grp = draw.vis_groups.emplace_back();
         //          grp.num_inds += prim_indices.size();
@@ -152,4 +173,103 @@ MercSwapData load_merc_model(u32 current_idx_count,
   merc_convert(result, extract_data);
 
   return result;
-}
\ No newline at end of file
+}
+
+std::vector<jak1::CollideMesh> gen_collide_mesh_from_model(
+    const tinygltf::Model& model,
+    const std::vector<gltf_util::NodeWithTransform>& all_nodes,
+    int joint_idx) {
+  // data for a single primitive
+  struct PrimWork {
+    std::string mesh_name;
+    std::vector<math::Vector4f> verts;
+    std::vector<u32> indices;
+    gltf_mesh_extract::PatResult pat;
+  };
+  std::vector<std::vector<PrimWork>> mesh_data;
+  int mesh_count = 0;
+  // int prim_count = 0;
+  for (const auto& n : all_nodes) {
+    const auto& node = model.nodes[n.node_idx];
+    gltf_mesh_extract::PatResult mesh_default_collide =
+        gltf_mesh_extract::custom_props_to_pat(node.extras, node.name);
+    if (node.mesh >= 0) {
+      const auto& mesh = model.meshes[node.mesh];
+      mesh_count++;
+      std::vector<PrimWork> prims;
+      for (const auto& prim : mesh.primitives) {
+        // get material
+        const auto& mat_idx = prim.material;
+        gltf_mesh_extract::PatResult pat = mesh_default_collide;
+        if (mat_idx != -1) {
+          const auto& mat = model.materials[mat_idx];
+          auto mat_pat = gltf_mesh_extract::custom_props_to_pat(mat.extras, mat.name);
+          if (mat_pat.set) {
+            pat = mat_pat;
+          }
+        }
+        if (pat.set && pat.ignore) {
+          continue;  // skip, no collide here
+        }
+        auto& prim_data = prims.emplace_back();
+        prim_data.mesh_name = mesh.name;
+        prim_data.pat = pat;
+        // prim_count++;
+        // extract index buffer
+        std::vector<u32> prim_indices = gltf_util::gltf_index_buffer(model, prim.indices, 0);
+        ASSERT_MSG(prim.mode == TINYGLTF_MODE_TRIANGLES,
+                   fmt::format("Mesh {}: Unsupported triangle mode {}", mesh.name, prim.mode));
+        // extract vertices
+        auto verts =
+            gltf_util::gltf_vertices(model, prim.attributes, n.w_T_node, true, true, mesh.name);
+        ASSERT_MSG(verts.vtx.size() <= 255,
+                   fmt::format("primitive of mesh {} has too many vertices (max 255, actual {})",
+                               mesh.name, verts.vtx.size()));
+        prim_data.verts.reserve(verts.vtx.size());
+        for (auto& vert : verts.vtx) {
+          prim_data.verts.emplace_back(vert.x, vert.y, vert.z, 1.0);
+        }
+        prim_data.indices = prim_indices;
+        mesh_data.push_back(prims);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  std::vector<jak1::CollideMesh> cmeshes;
+  cmeshes.reserve(mesh_count);
+  // we extracted all of the prim data for each mesh, now combine
+  for (size_t p = 0; p < mesh_data.size(); p++) {
+    auto& prims = mesh_data.at(p);
+    std::vector<math::Vector4f> verts;
+    std::vector<jak1::CollideMeshTri> tris;
+    int vert_count = 0;
+    for (auto& prim : prims) {
+      if (prim.pat.ignore) {
+        continue;
+      }
+      vert_count += verts.size();
+      verts.insert(verts.end(), prim.verts.begin(), prim.verts.end());
+      for (size_t i = 0; i < prim.indices.size(); i += 3) {
+        auto& tri = tris.emplace_back();
+        tri.vert_idx[0] = prim.indices.at(i);
+        tri.vert_idx[1] = prim.indices.at(i + 1);
+        tri.vert_idx[2] = prim.indices.at(i + 2);
+        tri.pat = prim.pat.pat;
+      }
+    }
+    ASSERT_MSG(vert_count <= 255, fmt::format("Mesh {} has too many vertices (max 255, actual {})",
+                                              prims.at(p).mesh_name, vert_count));
+    auto& cmesh = cmeshes.emplace_back();
+    // TODO joint idx as a custom property in blender?
+    cmesh.joint_id = joint_idx;
+    cmesh.vertices.reserve(255);
+    cmesh.vertices.insert(cmesh.vertices.begin(), verts.begin(), verts.end());
+    cmesh.num_verts = cmesh.vertices.size();
+    cmesh.num_tris = tris.size();
+    cmesh.tris.reserve(cmesh.num_tris);
+    for (size_t j = 0; j < cmesh.num_tris; j++) {
+      cmesh.tris.push_back(tris.at(j));
+    }
+  }
+  return cmeshes;
+}
diff --git a/goalc/build_actor/common/MercExtract.h b/goalc/build_actor/common/MercExtract.h
index 302abdfc52..6eea2e3ec7 100644
--- a/goalc/build_actor/common/MercExtract.h
+++ b/goalc/build_actor/common/MercExtract.h
@@ -2,6 +2,8 @@
 
 #include "common/util/gltf_util.h"
 
+#include <goalc/build_actor/jak1/build_actor.h>
+
 struct MercExtractData {
   gltf_util::TexturePool tex_pool;
   std::vector<u32> new_indices;
@@ -32,4 +34,8 @@ MercSwapData load_merc_model(u32 current_idx_count,
                              u32 current_vtx_count,
                              u32 current_tex_count,
                              const std::string& path,
-                             const std::string& name);
\ No newline at end of file
+                             const std::string& name);
+std::vector<jak1::CollideMesh> gen_collide_mesh_from_model(
+    const tinygltf::Model& model,
+    const std::vector<gltf_util::NodeWithTransform>& all_nodes,
+    int joint_idx);
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/goalc/build_actor/jak1/build_actor.cpp b/goalc/build_actor/jak1/build_actor.cpp
index b58fdd0e00..f9b54ae60f 100644
--- a/goalc/build_actor/jak1/build_actor.cpp
+++ b/goalc/build_actor/jak1/build_actor.cpp
@@ -2,6 +2,8 @@
 
 #include "common/log/log.h"
 
+#include "goalc/build_actor/common/MercExtract.h"
+
 #include "third-party/tiny_gltf/tiny_gltf.h"
 
 using namespace gltf_util;
@@ -101,14 +103,77 @@ size_t JointAnimCompressedControl::generate(DataObjectGenerator& gen) const {
   return result;
 }
 
-size_t ArtJointGeo::generate_res_lump(DataObjectGenerator& gen) const {
+size_t CollideMesh::generate(DataObjectGenerator& gen) const {
   gen.align_to_basic();
-  gen.add_type_tag("res-lump");
+  gen.add_type_tag("collide-mesh");
   size_t result = gen.current_offset_bytes();
+  // gen.add_word(0xffffffff - joint_id);  // 4 (joint-id)
+  gen.add_word(joint_id);                // 4 (joint-id)
+  gen.add_word(num_tris);                // 8 (num-tris)
+  gen.add_word(num_verts);               // 12 (num-verts)
+  auto vertices_slot = gen.add_word(0);  // 16 (vertex-data)
+  gen.add_word(0);                       // 20 (pad)
+  gen.add_word(0);                       // 24 (pad)
+  gen.add_word(0);                       // 28 (pad)
+  for (auto& tri : tris) {
+    u32 word = (tri.vert_idx[0] & 0xff) + ((tri.vert_idx[1] << 8) & 0xff00) +
+               ((tri.vert_idx[2] << 16) & 0xff0000);
+    gen.add_word(word);         // 0 (tris | vertex-index | unused)
+    gen.add_word(tri.pat.val);  // 4 (pat)
+  }
+  // vertex data start
+  gen.link_word_to_byte(vertices_slot, gen.current_offset_bytes());
+  for (auto& vert : vertices) {
+    gen.add_word_float(vert.x());
+    gen.add_word_float(vert.y());
+    gen.add_word_float(vert.z());
+    gen.add_word_float(vert.w());
+  }
+  return result;
+};
+
+void ArtJointGeo::add_res() {
+  if (!cmeshes.empty()) {
+    lump.add_res(
+        std::make_unique<ResRef>("collide-mesh-group", "array", mesh_slot, DEFAULT_RES_TIME));
+  }
+  // jgeo.lump.add_res(
+  //     std::make_unique<ResInt32>("texture-level", std::vector<s32>{2}, DEFAULT_RES_TIME));
+  // jgeo.lump.add_res(std::make_unique<ResVector>(
+  //     "trans-offset", std::vector<math::Vector4f>{{0.0f, 2048.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f}},
+  //     DEFAULT_RES_TIME));
+  // jgeo.lump.add_res(
+  //     std::make_unique<ResInt32>("joint-channel", std::vector<s32>{0}, DEFAULT_RES_TIME));
+  // jgeo.lump.add_res(std::make_unique<ResFloat>(
+  //     "lod-dist", std::vector<float>{5000.0f * METER_LENGTH, 6000.0f * METER_LENGTH},
+  //     DEFAULT_RES_TIME));
+  lump.sort_res();
+}
+
+size_t ArtJointGeo::generate_mesh(DataObjectGenerator& gen) const {
+  std::vector<size_t> data_slots;
+  std::vector<size_t> content_slots;
+  gen.align_to_basic();
+  gen.add_type_tag("array");
+  size_t result = gen.current_offset_bytes();
+  gen.add_word(cmeshes.size());      // 0 (length)
+  gen.add_word(cmeshes.size());      // 4 (allocated-length)
+  gen.add_type_tag("collide-mesh");  // 8 (content-type)
+  content_slots.reserve(cmeshes.size());
+  for (auto& data : cmeshes) {
+    content_slots.push_back(gen.add_word(0));  // 12 (data)
+  }
+  gen.align(4);
+  for (size_t i = 0; i < content_slots.size(); i++) {
+    data_slots.push_back(cmeshes.at(i).generate(gen));
+  }
+  for (size_t i = 0; i < content_slots.size(); i++) {
+    gen.link_word_to_byte(content_slots.at(i), data_slots.at(i));
+  }
   return result;
 }
 
-size_t ArtJointGeo::generate(DataObjectGenerator& gen) const {
+size_t ArtJointGeo::generate(DataObjectGenerator& gen) {
   gen.align_to_basic();
   gen.add_type_tag("art-joint-geo");
   size_t result = gen.current_offset_bytes();
@@ -129,6 +194,8 @@ size_t ArtJointGeo::generate(DataObjectGenerator& gen) const {
     gen.link_word_to_byte(joint_slots.at(i), joint);
     g_joint_map[data.at(i).number] = joint;
   }
+  mesh_slot = generate_mesh(gen);
+  add_res();
   auto res_header = lump.generate_header(gen, "res-lump");
   gen.link_word_to_byte(res_slot, res_header);
   lump.generate_tag_list_and_data(gen, res_header);
@@ -376,14 +443,28 @@ std::vector<u8> ArtGroup::save_object_file() const {
   return gen.generate_v4();
 }
 
-bool run_build_actor(const std::string& input_model,
+int ArtGroup::get_joint_idx(const std::string& name) {
+  for (auto& elt : this->elts) {
+    if (elt && typeid(*elt) == typeid(ArtJointGeo)) {
+      auto jgeo = (ArtJointGeo*)elt;
+      for (auto& joint : jgeo->data) {
+        if (joint.name == name) {
+          return joint.number;
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  return -1;
+}
+
+bool run_build_actor(const std::string& mdl_name,
                      const std::string& ag_out,
-                     const std::string& output_prefix) {
+                     bool gen_collide_mesh) {
   std::string ag_name;
-  if (fs::exists(file_util::get_jak_project_dir() / input_model)) {
-    ag_name = fs::path(input_model).stem().string();
+  if (fs::exists(file_util::get_jak_project_dir() / mdl_name)) {
+    ag_name = fs::path(mdl_name).stem().string();
   } else {
-    ASSERT_MSG(false, "Model file not found: " + input_model);
+    ASSERT_MSG(false, "Model file not found: " + mdl_name);
   }
 
   ArtGroup ag(ag_name);
@@ -411,21 +492,22 @@ bool run_build_actor(const std::string& input_model,
   main_pose(3, 3) = 1.0f;
   Joint main("main", 2, 1, main_pose);
   joints.emplace_back(main);
-  ArtJointGeo jgeo(ag.name, joints);
+  std::vector<CollideMesh> mesh;
+  if (gen_collide_mesh) {
+    tinygltf::TinyGLTF loader;
+    tinygltf::Model model;
+    std::string err, warn;
+    std::string path = (file_util::get_jak_project_dir() / mdl_name).string();
+    bool res = loader.LoadBinaryFromFile(&model, &err, &warn, path);
+    ASSERT_MSG(warn.empty(), warn.c_str());
+    ASSERT_MSG(err.empty(), err.c_str());
+    ASSERT_MSG(res, "Failed to load GLTF file!");
+    auto all_nodes = flatten_nodes_from_all_scenes(model);
+    mesh = gen_collide_mesh_from_model(model, all_nodes, 3);
+  }
+  ArtJointGeo jgeo(ag.name, mesh, joints);
   ArtJointAnim ja(ag.name, joints);
 
-  jgeo.lump.add_res(
-      std::make_unique<ResInt32>("texture-level", std::vector<s32>{2}, DEFAULT_RES_TIME));
-  // jgeo.lump.add_res(std::make_unique<ResVector>(
-  //     "trans-offset", std::vector<math::Vector4f>{{0.0f, 2048.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f}},
-  //     DEFAULT_RES_TIME));
-  jgeo.lump.add_res(
-      std::make_unique<ResInt32>("joint-channel", std::vector<s32>{0}, DEFAULT_RES_TIME));
-  jgeo.lump.add_res(std::make_unique<ResFloat>(
-      "lod-dist", std::vector<float>{5000.0f * METER_LENGTH, 6000.0f * METER_LENGTH},
-      DEFAULT_RES_TIME));
-  jgeo.lump.sort_res();
-
   ag.elts.emplace_back(&jgeo);
   // dummy merc-ctrl
   ag.elts.emplace_back(nullptr);
diff --git a/goalc/build_actor/jak1/build_actor.h b/goalc/build_actor/jak1/build_actor.h
index 0634d08a09..9868cea3bc 100644
--- a/goalc/build_actor/jak1/build_actor.h
+++ b/goalc/build_actor/jak1/build_actor.h
@@ -139,23 +139,33 @@ struct CollideMesh {
   u32 num_tris;
   u32 num_verts;
   std::vector<math::Vector4f> vertices;
-  CollideMeshTri tris;
+  std::vector<CollideMeshTri> tris;
+
+  size_t generate(DataObjectGenerator& gen) const;
+  size_t calc_data_size() const {
+    // (size-of collide-mesh) + type ptr = 36
+    return 36 + 16 * vertices.size() + sizeof(CollideMeshTri) * tris.size();
+  }
 };
 
 struct ArtJointGeo : ArtElement {
   std::vector<Joint> data;
-  CollideMesh mesh;
+  std::vector<CollideMesh> cmeshes;
   ResLump lump;
+  size_t mesh_slot;
 
-  explicit ArtJointGeo(const std::string& name, const std::vector<Joint>& joints) {
+  explicit ArtJointGeo(const std::string& name,
+                       std::vector<CollideMesh> cmeshes,
+                       std::vector<Joint>& joints) {
     this->name = name + "-lod0";
     length = joints.size();
     for (auto& joint : joints) {
       data.push_back(joint);
     }
+    this->cmeshes = std::move(cmeshes);
   }
-  size_t generate(DataObjectGenerator& gen) const;
-  size_t generate_res_lump(DataObjectGenerator& gen) const;
+  void add_res();
+  size_t generate(DataObjectGenerator& gen);
   size_t generate_mesh(DataObjectGenerator& gen) const;
 };
 
@@ -202,9 +212,10 @@ struct ArtGroup : Art {
     info.maya_file_name = "Unknown";
   }
   std::vector<u8> save_object_file() const;
+  int get_joint_idx(const std::string& name);
 };
 
 bool run_build_actor(const std::string& input_model,
                      const std::string& output_file,
-                     const std::string& output_prefix);
+                     bool gen_collide_mesh);
 }  // namespace jak1
diff --git a/goalc/build_actor/main.cpp b/goalc/build_actor/main.cpp
index 9f83a0f4f4..b2525fb82c 100644
--- a/goalc/build_actor/main.cpp
+++ b/goalc/build_actor/main.cpp
@@ -13,7 +13,8 @@ int main(int argc, char** argv) {
   lg::initialize();
 
   // game version
-  std::string game, input_model, output_file;
+  std::string game, mdl_name, output_file;
+  bool gen_collide_mesh;
   fs::path project_path_override;
 
   // path
@@ -24,7 +25,7 @@ int main(int argc, char** argv) {
   lg::info("Build Actor Tool", versions::GOAL_VERSION_MAJOR, versions::GOAL_VERSION_MINOR);
 
   CLI::App app{"OpenGOAL Compiler / REPL"};
-  app.add_option("input-model", input_model,
+  app.add_option("input-model", mdl_name,
                  "Input model file (for example: custom_assets/jak1/models/test.glb)")
       ->required();
   app.add_option("output-file", output_file,
@@ -33,6 +34,7 @@ int main(int argc, char** argv) {
   app.add_option("-g,--game", game, "Game version (only jak1 for now)")->required();
   app.add_option("--proj-path", project_path_override,
                  "Specify the location of the 'data/' folder");
+  app.add_flag("-m,--mesh", gen_collide_mesh, "Whether to generate a collide-mesh for this model");
   app.validate_positionals();
   CLI11_PARSE(app, argc, argv)
 
@@ -53,7 +55,7 @@ int main(int argc, char** argv) {
 
   switch (game_version) {
     case GameVersion::Jak1:
-      jak1::run_build_actor(input_model, output_file, "jak1/");
+      jak1::run_build_actor(mdl_name, output_file, gen_collide_mesh);
       break;
     default:
       ASSERT_NOT_REACHED_MSG("unsupported game version");
diff --git a/goalc/build_level/common/ResLump.cpp b/goalc/build_level/common/ResLump.cpp
index e1d0114a39..36310570a4 100644
--- a/goalc/build_level/common/ResLump.cpp
+++ b/goalc/build_level/common/ResLump.cpp
@@ -240,6 +240,26 @@ int ResType::get_alignment() const {
   return 4;
 }
 
+ResRef::ResRef(const std::string& name, const std::string& type, size_t ref, float key_frame)
+    : Res(name, key_frame), m_ref(ref), m_type(type) {}
+
+TagInfo ResRef::get_tag_info() const {
+  TagInfo result;
+  result.elt_type = m_type;
+  result.elt_count = 1;
+  result.inlined = false;
+  result.data_size = 4;
+  return result;
+}
+
+void ResRef::write_data(DataObjectGenerator& gen) const {
+  gen.link_word_to_byte(gen.add_word(0), m_ref);
+}
+
+int ResRef::get_alignment() const {
+  return 4;
+}
+
 void ResLump::add_res(std::unique_ptr<Res> res) {
   m_sorted = false;
   m_res.emplace_back(std::move(res));
@@ -345,12 +365,15 @@ void ResLump::generate_tag_list_and_data(DataObjectGenerator& gen, size_t header
       current_data_ptr += 4;
       gen.add_word(0);
     }
-
     res->write_data(gen);
-    ASSERT(gen.current_offset_bytes() - current_data_ptr == rec.reported_size);
+    ASSERT_MSG(gen.current_offset_bytes() - current_data_ptr == rec.reported_size,
+               fmt::format("reported size of {} does not match actual size of {}",
+                           rec.reported_size, gen.current_offset_bytes() - current_data_ptr));
     current_data_ptr = gen.current_offset_bytes();
   }
-  ASSERT(gen.current_offset_bytes() == data_end);
+  ASSERT_MSG(gen.current_offset_bytes() == data_end,
+             fmt::format("mismatch between current offset ({}) and data end ({})",
+                         gen.current_offset_bytes(), data_end));
   ASSERT(data_end == current_data_ptr);
 
   // update header
diff --git a/goalc/build_level/common/ResLump.h b/goalc/build_level/common/ResLump.h
index 755e448190..b9ffe7962a 100644
--- a/goalc/build_level/common/ResLump.h
+++ b/goalc/build_level/common/ResLump.h
@@ -138,6 +138,19 @@ class ResType : public Res {
   std::vector<std::string> m_str;
 };
 
+class ResRef : public Res {
+ public:
+  ResRef(const std::string& name, const std::string& type, size_t ref, float key_frame);
+
+  TagInfo get_tag_info() const override;
+  void write_data(DataObjectGenerator& gen) const override;
+  int get_alignment() const override;
+
+ private:
+  size_t m_ref;
+  std::string m_type;
+};
+
 /*
 (deftype res-lump (basic)
   ((length           int32              :offset-assert 4)
diff --git a/goalc/build_level/common/gltf_mesh_extract.cpp b/goalc/build_level/common/gltf_mesh_extract.cpp
index 786e6ff9f4..05e5a40db5 100644
--- a/goalc/build_level/common/gltf_mesh_extract.cpp
+++ b/goalc/build_level/common/gltf_mesh_extract.cpp
@@ -13,8 +13,6 @@
 #include "common/util/Timer.h"
 #include "common/util/gltf_util.h"
 
-#include "third-party/tiny_gltf/tiny_gltf.h"
-
 using namespace gltf_util;
 namespace gltf_mesh_extract {
 
@@ -201,12 +199,6 @@ std::optional<std::vector<jak1::CollideFace>> subdivide_face_if_needed(jak1::Col
   }
 }
 
-struct PatResult {
-  bool set = false;
-  bool ignore = false;
-  jak1::PatSurface pat;
-};
-
 PatResult custom_props_to_pat(const tinygltf::Value& val, const std::string& /*debug_name*/) {
   PatResult result;
   if (!val.IsObject() || !val.Has("set_collision") || !val.Get("set_collision").Get<int>()) {
diff --git a/goalc/build_level/common/gltf_mesh_extract.h b/goalc/build_level/common/gltf_mesh_extract.h
index 04867b3a38..d9f126ced6 100644
--- a/goalc/build_level/common/gltf_mesh_extract.h
+++ b/goalc/build_level/common/gltf_mesh_extract.h
@@ -6,6 +6,8 @@
 
 #include "goalc/build_level/collide/common/collide_common.h"
 
+#include "third-party/tiny_gltf/tiny_gltf.h"
+
 namespace gltf_util {
 struct TexturePool;
 }
@@ -36,6 +38,13 @@ struct Output {
   CollideOutput collide;
 };
 
+struct PatResult {
+  bool set = false;
+  bool ignore = false;
+  jak1::PatSurface pat;
+};
+
+PatResult custom_props_to_pat(const tinygltf::Value& val, const std::string& /*debug_name*/);
 void extract(const Input& in, Output& out);
 
 }  // namespace gltf_mesh_extract
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/goalc/make/Tools.cpp b/goalc/make/Tools.cpp
index 8bdb5142c3..ff6b245f4b 100644
--- a/goalc/make/Tools.cpp
+++ b/goalc/make/Tools.cpp
@@ -302,7 +302,7 @@ BuildActorTool::BuildActorTool() : Tool("build-actor") {}
 
 bool BuildActorTool::needs_run(const ToolInput& task, const PathMap& path_map) {
   (void)path_map;
-  if (task.input.size() != 1) {
+  if (task.input.size() > 2) {
     throw std::runtime_error(fmt::format("Invalid amount of inputs to {} tool", name()));
   }
   // std::vector<std::string> deps{};
@@ -311,8 +311,10 @@ bool BuildActorTool::needs_run(const ToolInput& task, const PathMap& path_map) {
 }
 
 bool BuildActorTool::run(const ToolInput& task, const PathMap& path_map) {
-  if (task.input.size() != 1) {
+  (void)path_map;
+  if (task.input.size() > 2) {
     throw std::runtime_error(fmt::format("Invalid amount of inputs to {} tool", name()));
   }
-  return jak1::run_build_actor(task.input.at(0), task.output.at(0), path_map.output_prefix);
+  auto gen_mesh = task.input.at(1) == "#t";
+  return jak1::run_build_actor(task.input.at(0), task.output.at(0), gen_mesh);
 }
\ No newline at end of file