diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
index 1ec2277c65..54c007f969 100644
--- a/Makefile
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -231,7 +231,7 @@ ifeq ($(COMPILER),gcc)
 else
   CFLAGS           += -G 0 -non_shared -Xcpluscomm -nostdinc -Wab,-r4300_mul
 
-  WARNINGS         := -fullwarn -verbose -woff 624,649,838,712,516,513,596,564,594,807
+  WARNINGS         := -fullwarn -verbose -woff 624,649,838,712,516,513,596,564,594,807,609
   ASFLAGS          := -march=vr4300 -32 -G0 -no-pad-sections
   CCASFLAGS        := $(GBI_DEFINES) -G 0 -non_shared -Xcpluscomm -nostdinc -Wab,-r4300_mul $(WARNINGS) -o32
   COMMON_DEFINES   := -D_MIPS_SZLONG=32 $(GBI_DEFINES) $(GAME_VERSION)
diff --git a/include/CIC6105.h b/include/CIC6105.h
index 60c55cbc71..3afcbc69d5 100644
--- a/include/CIC6105.h
+++ b/include/CIC6105.h
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ void CIC6105_AddRomInfoFaultPage(void);
 void CIC6105_Destroy(void);
 void CIC6105_Init(void);
 
-#if MM_VERSION <= N64_JP_1_1
+#if MM_VERSION < N64_US
 void CIC6105_ScheduleCICTask(void);
 #endif
 
diff --git a/include/libc64/os_malloc.h b/include/libc64/os_malloc.h
index 575529e1a7..3441a1d042 100644
--- a/include/libc64/os_malloc.h
+++ b/include/libc64/os_malloc.h
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ typedef struct ArenaNode {
     /* 0x4 */ size_t size;
     /* 0x8 */ struct ArenaNode* next;
     /* 0xC */ struct ArenaNode* prev;
-    #if MM_VERSION <= N64_JP_1_1
+    #if MM_VERSION < N64_US
     /* 0x10 */ const char* filename;
     /* 0x14 */ int line;
     /* 0x18 */ OSId threadId;
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ void* __osRealloc(Arena* arena, void* ptr, size_t newSize);
 void __osGetSizes(Arena* arena, size_t* outMaxFree, size_t* outFree, size_t* outAlloc);
 s32 __osCheckArena(Arena* arena);
 
-#if MM_VERSION <= N64_JP_1_1
+#if MM_VERSION < N64_US
 void *__osMallocDebug(Arena *arena, size_t size, const char* file, int line);
 void *__osMallocRDebug(Arena *arena, size_t size, const char* file, int line);
 void __osFreeDebug(Arena* arena, void* ptr, const char* file, int line);
diff --git a/include/macros.h b/include/macros.h
index 6ed8600a66..4de67b19ef 100644
--- a/include/macros.h
+++ b/include/macros.h
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 #define MACROS_H
 
 #include "PR/ultratypes.h"
+#include "versions.h"
 
 #define SCREEN_WIDTH  320
 #define SCREEN_HEIGHT 240
@@ -71,4 +72,35 @@
     }                       \
     (void)0
 
+/**
+ * The T macro holds translations in English for original debug strings written in Japanese.
+ * The translated strings match the original debug strings, they are only direct translations.
+ * For example, any original name is left as is rather than being replaced with the name in the codebase.
+ */
+#define T(jp, en) jp
+
+// IDO doesn't support variadic macros, but it merely throws a warning for the
+// number of arguments not matching the definition (warning 609) instead of
+// throwing an error. We suppress this warning and rely on GCC to catch macro
+// argument errors instead.
+// Note some tools define __sgi but preprocess with a modern cpp implementation,
+// ensure that these do not use the IDO workaround to avoid errors.
+#define IDO_PRINTF_WORKAROUND (__sgi && !__GNUC__ && !M2CTX && !PERMUTER)
+
+#if DEBUG_FEATURES
+    #define PRINTF osSyncPrintf
+#elif IDO_PRINTF_WORKAROUND
+    #if MM_VERSION >= N64_US
+        #define PRINTF(args) (void)0
+    #else
+        #define PRINTF(args) (void)(args)
+    #endif
+#else
+    #if MM_VERSION >= N64_US
+        #define PRINTF(format, ...) (void)0
+    #else
+        #define PRINTF(format, ...) (void)(format)
+    #endif
+#endif
+
 #endif // MACROS_H
diff --git a/src/boot/fault.c b/src/boot/fault.c
index 7d167e41cb..bc7d60f192 100644
--- a/src/boot/fault.c
+++ b/src/boot/fault.c
@@ -122,7 +122,9 @@ end:
     osSetIntMask(mask);
 
     if (alreadyExists) {
-        osSyncPrintf(VT_COL(RED, WHITE) "fault_AddClient: %08x は既にリスト中にある\n" VT_RST, client);
+        osSyncPrintf(VT_COL(RED, WHITE) T("fault_AddClient: %08x は既にリスト中にある\n",
+                                          "fault_AddClient: %08x is already in the list\n") VT_RST,
+                     client);
     }
 }
 
@@ -159,7 +161,9 @@ void Fault_RemoveClient(FaultClient* client) {
     osSetIntMask(mask);
 
     if (listIsEmpty) {
-        osSyncPrintf(VT_COL(RED, WHITE) "fault_RemoveClient: %08x リスト不整合です\n" VT_RST, client);
+        osSyncPrintf(VT_COL(RED, WHITE) T("fault_RemoveClient: %08x リスト不整合です\n",
+                                          "fault_RemoveClient: %08x list inconsistency\n") VT_RST,
+                     client);
     }
 }
 
@@ -200,7 +204,9 @@ end:
     osSetIntMask(mask);
 
     if (alreadyExists) {
-        osSyncPrintf(VT_COL(RED, WHITE) "fault_AddressConverterAddClient: %08x は既にリスト中にある\n" VT_RST, client);
+        osSyncPrintf(VT_COL(RED, WHITE) T("fault_AddressConverterAddClient: %08x は既にリスト中にある\n",
+                                          "fault_AddressConverterAddClient: %08x is already in the list\n") VT_RST,
+                     client);
     }
 }
 
@@ -234,7 +240,8 @@ void Fault_RemoveAddrConvClient(FaultAddrConvClient* client) {
     osSetIntMask(mask);
 
     if (listIsEmpty) {
-        osSyncPrintf(VT_COL(RED, WHITE) "fault_AddressConverterRemoveClient: %08x は既にリスト中にある\n" VT_RST,
+        osSyncPrintf(VT_COL(RED, WHITE) T("fault_AddressConverterRemoveClient: %08x は既にリスト中にある\n",
+                                          "fault_AddressConverterRemoveClient: %08x is already in the list\n") VT_RST,
                      client);
     }
 }
@@ -982,20 +989,20 @@ void Fault_ThreadEntry(void* arg) {
 
             if (msg == FAULT_MSG_CPU_BREAK) {
                 sFaultInstance->msgId = (u32)FAULT_MSG_CPU_BREAK;
-                // "Fault manager: OS_EVENT_CPU_BREAK received"
-                osSyncPrintf("フォルトマネージャ:OS_EVENT_CPU_BREAKを受信しました\n");
+                osSyncPrintf(T("フォルトマネージャ:OS_EVENT_CPU_BREAKを受信しました\n",
+                               "Fault manager: OS_EVENT_CPU_BREAK received\n"));
             } else if (msg == FAULT_MSG_FAULT) {
                 sFaultInstance->msgId = (u32)FAULT_MSG_FAULT;
-                // "Fault manager: OS_EVENT_FAULT received"
-                osSyncPrintf("フォルトマネージャ:OS_EVENT_FAULTを受信しました\n");
+                osSyncPrintf(
+                    T("フォルトマネージャ:OS_EVENT_FAULTを受信しました\n", "Fault manager: OS_EVENT_FAULT received\n"));
             } else if (msg == FAULT_MSG_UNK) {
                 Fault_UpdatePad();
                 faultedThread = NULL;
                 continue;
             } else {
                 sFaultInstance->msgId = (u32)FAULT_MSG_UNK;
-                // "Fault manager: received an unknown message"
-                osSyncPrintf("フォルトマネージャ:不明なメッセージを受信しました\n");
+                osSyncPrintf(T("フォルトマネージャ:不明なメッセージを受信しました\n",
+                               "Fault manager: received an unknown message\n"));
             }
 
             faultedThread = __osGetCurrFaultedThread();
diff --git a/src/boot/libc64/__osMalloc.c b/src/boot/libc64/__osMalloc.c
index f22f143e9f..0d1065238f 100644
--- a/src/boot/libc64/__osMalloc.c
+++ b/src/boot/libc64/__osMalloc.c
@@ -425,26 +425,18 @@ void __osFree(Arena* arena, void* ptr) {
     node = (ArenaNode*)((uintptr_t)ptr - sizeof(ArenaNode));
 
     if (!NODE_IS_VALID(node)) {
-#if MM_VERSION < N64_US
-        // __osFree:Unauthorized release(%08x)\n
-        (void)"__osFree:不正解放(%08x)\n";
-#endif
+        PRINTF(T("__osFree:不正解放(%08x)\n", "__osFree:Unauthorized release(%08x)\n"));
         goto cleanup;
     }
 
     if (node->isFree) {
-#if MM_VERSION < N64_US
-        // __osFree:Double release(%08x)\n
-        (void)"__osFree:二重解放(%08x)\n";
-#endif
+        PRINTF(T("__osFree:二重解放(%08x)\n", "__osFree:Double release(%08x)\n"));
         goto cleanup;
     }
 
     if (!CHECK_CORRECT_ARENA(node, arena)) {
-#if MM_VERSION < N64_US
-        // __osFree:arena(%08x) and __osMallocのarena(%08x) do not match\n
-        (void)"__osFree:arena(%08x)が__osMallocのarena(%08x)と一致しない\n";
-#endif
+        PRINTF(T("__osFree:arena(%08x)が__osMallocのarena(%08x)と一致しない\n",
+                 "__osFree:arena(%08x) and __osMallocのarena(%08x) do not match\n"));
         goto cleanup;
     }
 
@@ -499,20 +491,18 @@ void __osFreeDebug(Arena* arena, void* ptr, const char* file, int line) {
     node = (ArenaNode*)((uintptr_t)ptr - sizeof(ArenaNode));
 
     if (!NODE_IS_VALID(node)) {
-        // __osFree:Unauthorized release(%08x)\n
-        (void)"__osFree:不正解放(%08x)\n";
+        PRINTF(T("__osFree:不正解放(%08x)\n", "__osFree:Unauthorized release(%08x)\n"));
         goto cleanup;
     }
 
     if (node->isFree) {
-        // __osFree:Double release(%08x)\n
-        (void)"__osFree:二重解放(%08x)\n";
+        PRINTF(T("__osFree:二重解放(%08x)\n", "__osFree:Double release(%08x)\n"));
         goto cleanup;
     }
 
     if (!CHECK_CORRECT_ARENA(node, arena)) {
-        // __osFree:arena(%08x) and __osMallocのarena(%08x) do not match\n
-        (void)"__osFree:arena(%08x)が__osMallocのarena(%08x)と一致しない\n";
+        PRINTF(T("__osFree:arena(%08x)が__osMallocのarena(%08x)と一致しない\n",
+                 "__osFree:arena(%08x) and __osMallocのarena(%08x) do not match\n"));
         goto cleanup;
     }
 
@@ -689,21 +679,18 @@ s32 __osCheckArena(Arena* arena) {
 
     ArenaImpl_Lock(arena);
 
-    // "Checking the contents of the arena..."
-    (void)"アリーナの内容をチェックしています．．． (%08x)\n";
+    (void)T("アリーナの内容をチェックしています．．． (%08x)\n", "Checking the contents of the arena... (%08x)\n");
 
     for (iter = arena->head; iter != NULL; iter = iter->next) {
         if (!NODE_IS_VALID(iter)) {
-            // "Oops!!"
-            (void)"おおっと！！ (%08x %08x)\n";
+            (void)T("おおっと！！ (%08x %08x)\n", "Oops!! (%08x %08x)\n");
 
             err = 1;
             break;
         }
     }
 
-    // "The arena still looks good"
-    (void)"アリーナはまだ、いけそうです\n";
+    (void)T("アリーナはまだ、いけそうです\n", "The arena still looks good\n");
 
     ArenaImpl_Unlock(arena);
 
diff --git a/src/boot/libu64/stackcheck.c b/src/boot/libu64/stackcheck.c
index 46a609fcb8..8b07188cdc 100644
--- a/src/boot/libu64/stackcheck.c
+++ b/src/boot/libu64/stackcheck.c
@@ -1,9 +1,19 @@
 #include "libu64/stackcheck.h"
+
+#include "macros.h"
 #include "stdbool.h"
 #include "stdint.h"
 
 #include "versions.h"
 
+#if MM_VERSION < N64_US || DEBUG_FEATURES
+#define STACKCHECK_PRINTF osSyncPrintf
+#elif IDO_PRINTF_WORKAROUND
+#define STACKCHECK_PRINTF(args) (void)0
+#else
+#define STACKCHECK_PRINTF(format, ...) (void)0
+#endif
+
 StackEntry* sStackInfoListStart = NULL;
 StackEntry* sStackInfoListEnd = NULL;
 
@@ -22,10 +32,9 @@ void StackCheck_Init(StackEntry* entry, void* stackBottom, void* stackTop, u32 i
 
         for (iter = sStackInfoListStart; iter != NULL; iter = iter->next) {
             if (iter == entry) {
-#if MM_VERSION < N64_US
-                // is already in the list
-                osSyncPrintf("stackcheck_init: %08x は既にリスト中にある\n", entry);
-#endif
+                STACKCHECK_PRINTF(
+                    T("stackcheck_init: %08x は既にリスト中にある\n", "stackcheck_init: %08x is already in the list\n"),
+                    entry);
                 return;
             }
         }
@@ -74,10 +83,8 @@ void StackCheck_Cleanup(StackEntry* entry) {
     }
 
     if (inconsistency) {
-#if MM_VERSION < N64_US
-        // List is inconsistent
-        osSyncPrintf("stackcheck_cleanup: %08x リスト不整合です\n", entry);
-#endif
+        STACKCHECK_PRINTF(
+            T("stackcheck_cleanup: %08x リスト不整合です\n", "stackcheck_cleanup: %08x list inconsistency\n"), entry);
     }
 }
 
@@ -104,10 +111,10 @@ StackStatus StackCheck_GetState(StackEntry* entry) {
         status = STACK_STATUS_OK;
     }
 
-#if MM_VERSION < N64_US
-    osSyncPrintf("head=%08x tail=%08x last=%08x used=%08x free=%08x [%s]\n", entry->head, entry->tail, last, used, free,
-                 (entry->name != NULL) ? entry->name : "(null)");
-#else
+    STACKCHECK_PRINTF("head=%08x tail=%08x last=%08x used=%08x free=%08x [%s]\n", entry->head, entry->tail, last, used,
+                      free, (entry->name != NULL) ? entry->name : "(null)");
+
+#if MM_VERSION >= N64_US
     (void)"(null)";
 #endif
 
diff --git a/src/boot/yaz0.c b/src/boot/yaz0.c
index 70e42e77ba..16d8d32458 100644
--- a/src/boot/yaz0.c
+++ b/src/boot/yaz0.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+#include "macros.h"
 #include "fault.h"
 #include "libc64/sprintf.h"
 #include "libc64/sleep.h"
@@ -55,8 +56,7 @@ void* Yaz0_NextDMA(u8* curSrcPos) {
     } else {
         oldPri = osGetThreadPri(NULL);
         osSetThreadPri(NULL, OS_PRIORITY_APPMAX);
-        // Compression/decompression error
-        osSyncPrintf("圧縮展開異常\n");
+        osSyncPrintf(T("圧縮展開異常\n", "compression/decompression error\n"));
         osSetThreadPri(NULL, oldPri);
     }
 
diff --git a/src/code/audio_thread_manager.c b/src/code/audio_thread_manager.c
index 25aa6c11f4..c79e942646 100644
--- a/src/code/audio_thread_manager.c
+++ b/src/code/audio_thread_manager.c
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ void AudioMgr_HandleRetrace(AudioMgr* audioMgr) {
                     sRetryCount--;
                     Sched_SendAudioCancelMsg(audioMgr->sched);
                 } else {
-                    osSyncPrintf("audioMgr.c:もうダメ！死ぬ！\n");
+                    osSyncPrintf(T("audioMgr.c:もうダメ！死ぬ！\n", "audioMgr.c: I can't go on! I'm dying!\n"));
                     osDestroyThread(NULL);
                     break;
                 }
diff --git a/src/code/gamealloc.c b/src/code/gamealloc.c
index e9be6beb06..d36d95da01 100644
--- a/src/code/gamealloc.c
+++ b/src/code/gamealloc.c
@@ -1,18 +1,15 @@
 #include "gamealloc.h"
 
 #include "libc64/malloc.h"
+#include "macros.h"
 
 void GameAlloc_Log(GameAlloc* this) {
     GameAllocEntry* iter = this->base.next;
 
-#if MM_VERSION <= N64_JP_1_1
-    (void)"this = %08x\n";
-#endif
+    PRINTF("this = %08x\n");
 
     while (iter != &this->base) {
-#if MM_VERSION <= N64_JP_1_1
-        (void)"ptr = %08x size = %d\n";
-#endif
+        PRINTF("ptr = %08x size = %d\n");
 
         iter = iter->next;
     }
diff --git a/src/code/graph.c b/src/code/graph.c
index d25ec751fa..375389fdb1 100644
--- a/src/code/graph.c
+++ b/src/code/graph.c
@@ -161,8 +161,7 @@ retry:
             Sched_SendGfxCancelMsg(&gScheduler);
             goto retry;
         } else {
-            // graph.c: No more! die!
-            osSyncPrintf("graph.c:もうダメ！死ぬ！\n");
+            osSyncPrintf(T("graph.c:もうダメ！死ぬ！\n", "graph.c: I can't go on! I'm dying!\n"));
             Fault_AddHungupAndCrashImpl("RCP is HUNG UP!!", "Oh! MY GOD!!");
         }
     }
diff --git a/src/code/padmgr.c b/src/code/padmgr.c
index 0655bb232d..61e352b250 100644
--- a/src/code/padmgr.c
+++ b/src/code/padmgr.c
@@ -583,8 +583,9 @@ void PadMgr_UpdateConnections(void) {
                     // Other/Unrecognized
                     if (sPadMgrInstance->ctrlrType[i] == PADMGR_CONT_NONE) {
                         sPadMgrInstance->ctrlrType[i] = PADMGR_CONT_UNK;
-                        // "Recognized an unknown type of controller (%04x)"
-                        sprintf(msg, "知らない種類のコントローラ(%04x)を認識しました",
+                        sprintf(msg,
+                                T("知らない種類のコントローラ(%04x)を認識しました",
+                                  "Recognized an unknown type of controller (%04x)"),
                                 sPadMgrInstance->padStatus[i].type);
                     }
                     // Missing break required for matching
diff --git a/src/code/sched.c b/src/code/sched.c
index 78f589f45b..f0f2514b6b 100644
--- a/src/code/sched.c
+++ b/src/code/sched.c
@@ -87,30 +87,26 @@ void Sched_HandleNMI(Scheduler* sched) {
 void Sched_HandleAudioCancel(Scheduler* sched) {
     s32 i;
 
-    // AUDIO SP Cancel
-    osSyncPrintf("AUDIO SP キャンセルします\n");
+    osSyncPrintf(T("AUDIO SP キャンセルします\n", "I am canceling the AUDIO SP\n"));
 
     if ((sched->curRSPTask != NULL) && (sched->curRSPTask->list.t.type == M_AUDTASK)) {
         if (!(IO_READ(SP_STATUS_REG) & SP_STATUS_HALT)) {
-            // Attempts to stop AUDIO SP
-            osSyncPrintf("AUDIO SP止めようとします\n");
+            osSyncPrintf(T("AUDIO SP止めようとします\n", "Attempting to stop AUDIO SP\n"));
 
             IO_WRITE(SP_STATUS_REG, SP_SET_HALT);
 
             i = 0;
             while (!(IO_READ(SP_STATUS_REG) & SP_STATUS_HALT)) {
                 if (i++ > 100) {
-                    // AUDIO SP did not stop (10ms timeout)
-                    osSyncPrintf("AUDIO SP止まりませんでした(10msタイムアウト)\n");
+                    osSyncPrintf(
+                        T("AUDIO SP止まりませんでした(10msタイムアウト)\n", "AUDIO SP did not stop (10ms timeout)\n"));
                     goto send_mesg;
                 }
                 usleep(100);
             }
-            // AUDIO SP stopped (% d * 100us)
-            osSyncPrintf("AUDIO SP止まりました(%d * 100us)\n", i);
+            osSyncPrintf(T("AUDIO SP止まりました(%d * 100us)\n", "AUDIO SP stopped (%d * 100us)\n"), i);
         } else {
-            // AUDIO SP seems to be stopped
-            osSyncPrintf("AUDIO SP止まっているようです\n");
+            osSyncPrintf(T("AUDIO SP止まっているようです\n", "AUDIO SP seems to be stopped\n"));
         }
 
     send_mesg:
@@ -129,13 +125,12 @@ void Sched_HandleAudioCancel(Scheduler* sched) {
         if (cur->msgQ != NULL) {
             osSendMesg(cur->msgQ, cur->msg, OS_MESG_BLOCK);
         }
-        // Removed AUDIO SP task from pending list
-        osSyncPrintf("AUDIO SP タスクを実行待ちリストから削除しました\n");
+        osSyncPrintf(T("AUDIO SP タスクを実行待ちリストから削除しました\n",
+                       "The AUDIO SP task has been removed from the pending list\n"));
         return;
     }
 
-    // There are no AUDIO SP tasks to cancel
-    osSyncPrintf("キャンセルすべき AUDIO SP タスクがありません\n");
+    osSyncPrintf(T("キャンセルすべき AUDIO SP タスクがありません\n", "There are no AUDIO SP tasks to cancel\n"));
 }
 
 /**
@@ -150,30 +145,26 @@ void Sched_HandleAudioCancel(Scheduler* sched) {
 void Sched_HandleGfxCancel(Scheduler* sched) {
     s32 i;
 
-    // GRAPH SP Cancel
-    osSyncPrintf("GRAPH SP キャンセルします\n");
+    osSyncPrintf(T("GRAPH SP キャンセルします\n", "I am canceling the GRAPH SP\n"));
 
     if ((sched->curRSPTask != NULL) && (sched->curRSPTask->list.t.type == M_GFXTASK)) {
         if (!(IO_READ(SP_STATUS_REG) & SP_STATUS_HALT)) {
-            // GRAPH SP tries to stop
-            osSyncPrintf("GRAPH SP止めようとします\n");
+            osSyncPrintf(T("GRAPH SP止めようとします\n", "Attempting to stop GRAPH SP\n"));
 
             IO_WRITE(SP_STATUS_REG, SP_SET_HALT);
 
             i = 0;
             while (!(IO_READ(SP_STATUS_REG) & SP_STATUS_HALT)) {
                 if (i++ > 100) {
-                    // GRAPH SP did not stop (10ms timeout)
-                    osSyncPrintf("GRAPH SP止まりませんでした(10msタイムアウト)\n");
+                    osSyncPrintf(
+                        T("GRAPH SP止まりませんでした(10msタイムアウト)\n", "GRAPH SP did not stop (10ms timeout)\n"));
                     goto send_mesg;
                 }
                 usleep(100);
             }
-            // GRAPH SP stopped (%d * 100us)
-            osSyncPrintf("GRAPH SP止まりました(%d * 100us)\n", i);
+            osSyncPrintf(T("GRAPH SP止まりました(%d * 100us)\n", "GRAPH SP stopped (%d * 100us)\n"), i);
         } else {
-            // GRAPH SP seems to be stopped
-            osSyncPrintf("GRAPH SP止まっているようです\n");
+            osSyncPrintf(T("GRAPH SP止まっているようです\n", "GRAPH SP seems to be stopped\n"));
         }
 
     send_mesg:
@@ -195,16 +186,14 @@ void Sched_HandleGfxCancel(Scheduler* sched) {
         goto halt_rdp;
     }
 
-    // There are no GRAPH SP tasks to cancel
-    osSyncPrintf("キャンセルすべき GRAPH SP タスクがありません\n");
+    osSyncPrintf(T("キャンセルすべき GRAPH SP タスクがありません\n", "There are no GRAPH SP tasks to cancel\n"));
 
 halt_rdp:
     if (sched->curRDPTask != NULL) {
         OSTask_t* dpTask = &sched->curRDPTask->list.t;
 
         if (dpTask->type == M_GFXTASK) {
-            // Try to stop DP
-            osSyncPrintf("DP止めようとします\n");
+            osSyncPrintf(T("DP止めようとします\n", "Attempting to stop DP\n"));
             bzero(dpTask->output_buff, (uintptr_t)dpTask->output_buff_size - (uintptr_t)dpTask->output_buff);
             osSendMesg(&sched->interruptQueue, (OSMesg)RDP_DONE_MSG, OS_MESG_NOBLOCK);
         }
@@ -239,8 +228,9 @@ void Sched_QueueTask(Scheduler* sched, OSScTask* task) {
 void Sched_Yield(Scheduler* sched) {
     // Don't yield audio tasks
     if (sched->curRSPTask->list.t.type == M_AUDTASK) {
-        // A new audio task has been entered even though the previous audio task has not been completed yet
-        osSyncPrintf("まだ前回のオーディオタスクが完了していないのに新たなオーディオタスクがエントリされた\n");
+        osSyncPrintf(
+            T("まだ前回のオーディオタスクが完了していないのに新たなオーディオタスクがエントリされた\n",
+              "A new audio task has been entered, even though the previous audio task has not yet been completed\n"));
     } else if (!(sched->curRSPTask->state & OS_SC_YIELD)) {
         sched->curRSPTask->state |= OS_SC_YIELD;
         osSpTaskYield();
diff --git a/src/code/z_play.c b/src/code/z_play.c
index 8cb5228d09..01f25afaf8 100644
--- a/src/code/z_play.c
+++ b/src/code/z_play.c
@@ -864,8 +864,7 @@ void Play_UpdateTransition(PlayState* this) {
                 this->envCtx.sandstormPrimA = 255;
                 this->envCtx.sandstormEnvA = 255;
 
-                // "It's here!!!!!!!!!"
-                (void)"来た!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!";
+                (void)T("来た!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!", "It's here!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!");
 
                 this->transitionMode = TRANS_MODE_SANDSTORM_END;
             } else {
diff --git a/src/overlays/actors/ovl_Arrow_Ice/z_arrow_ice.c b/src/overlays/actors/ovl_Arrow_Ice/z_arrow_ice.c
index e806cb32a7..3a7b1c3bec 100644
--- a/src/overlays/actors/ovl_Arrow_Ice/z_arrow_ice.c
+++ b/src/overlays/actors/ovl_Arrow_Ice/z_arrow_ice.c
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ void ArrowIce_Init(Actor* thisx, PlayState* play) {
 
 void ArrowIce_Destroy(Actor* thisx, PlayState* play) {
     Magic_Reset(play);
-    (void)"消滅"; // Unreferenced in retail, means "Disappearance"
+    (void)T("消滅", "Disappearance");
 }
 
 void ArrowIce_Charge(ArrowIce* this, PlayState* play) {
diff --git a/src/overlays/actors/ovl_Arrow_Light/z_arrow_light.c b/src/overlays/actors/ovl_Arrow_Light/z_arrow_light.c
index a918738550..6b560785c7 100644
--- a/src/overlays/actors/ovl_Arrow_Light/z_arrow_light.c
+++ b/src/overlays/actors/ovl_Arrow_Light/z_arrow_light.c
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ void ArrowLight_Init(Actor* thisx, PlayState* play) {
 
 void ArrowLight_Destroy(Actor* thisx, PlayState* play) {
     Magic_Reset(play);
-    (void)"消滅"; // Unreferenced in retail, means "Disappearance"
+    (void)T("消滅", "Disappearance");
 }
 
 void ArrowLight_Charge(ArrowLight* this, PlayState* play) {
diff --git a/src/overlays/actors/ovl_Elf_Msg/z_elf_msg.c b/src/overlays/actors/ovl_Elf_Msg/z_elf_msg.c
index 61f7efe598..b9afaec498 100644
--- a/src/overlays/actors/ovl_Elf_Msg/z_elf_msg.c
+++ b/src/overlays/actors/ovl_Elf_Msg/z_elf_msg.c
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ void ElfMsg_SetupAction(ElfMsg* this, ElfMsgActionFunc actionFunc) {
 s32 func_8092DF9C(ElfMsg* this, PlayState* play) {
     if ((this->actor.home.rot.y > 0) && (this->actor.home.rot.y <= 0x80) &&
         Flags_GetSwitch(play, this->actor.home.rot.y - 1)) {
-        (void)"共倒れ"; // "Collapse together"
+        (void)T("共倒れ", "Mutual destruction");
         if (ELFMSG_GET_SWITCH_FLAG(&this->actor) != 0x7F) {
             Flags_SetSwitch(play, ELFMSG_GET_SWITCH_FLAG(&this->actor));
         }
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ s32 func_8092DF9C(ElfMsg* this, PlayState* play) {
         return false;
     }
     if (Flags_GetSwitch(play, ELFMSG_GET_SWITCH_FLAG(&this->actor))) {
-        (void)"共倒れ"; // "Collapse together"
+        (void)T("共倒れ", "Mutual destruction");
         Actor_Kill(&this->actor);
         return true;
     }
diff --git a/src/overlays/actors/ovl_Elf_Msg2/z_elf_msg2.c b/src/overlays/actors/ovl_Elf_Msg2/z_elf_msg2.c
index b59ca62d5d..5040be015b 100644
--- a/src/overlays/actors/ovl_Elf_Msg2/z_elf_msg2.c
+++ b/src/overlays/actors/ovl_Elf_Msg2/z_elf_msg2.c
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ void ElfMsg2_SetupAction(ElfMsg2* this, ElfMsg2ActionFunc actionFunc) {
 s32 func_8096EC4C(ElfMsg2* this, PlayState* play) {
     if ((this->actor.home.rot.y > 0) && (this->actor.home.rot.y <= 0x80) &&
         Flags_GetSwitch(play, this->actor.home.rot.y - 1)) {
-        (void)"共倒れ"; // "Collapse together"
+        (void)T("共倒れ", "Mutual destruction");
         if (ELFMSG2_GET_SWITCH_FLAG(&this->actor) != 0x7F) {
             Flags_SetSwitch(play, ELFMSG2_GET_SWITCH_FLAG(&this->actor));
         }
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ s32 func_8096EC4C(ElfMsg2* this, PlayState* play) {
     if (this->actor.home.rot.y == 129) {
 
         if (Flags_GetClear(play, this->actor.room)) {
-            (void)"共倒れ２"; // "Collapse 2"
+            (void)T("共倒れ２", "Mutual destruction 2");
             if (ELFMSG2_GET_SWITCH_FLAG(&this->actor) != 0x7F) {
                 Flags_SetSwitch(play, ELFMSG2_GET_SWITCH_FLAG(&this->actor));
             }
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ s32 func_8096EC4C(ElfMsg2* this, PlayState* play) {
         return false;
     }
     if (Flags_GetSwitch(play, ELFMSG2_GET_SWITCH_FLAG(&this->actor))) {
-        (void)"共倒れ"; // "Collapse together"
+        (void)T("共倒れ", "Mutual destruction");
         Actor_Kill(&this->actor);
         return true;
     }
diff --git a/src/overlays/actors/ovl_Elf_Msg3/z_elf_msg3.c b/src/overlays/actors/ovl_Elf_Msg3/z_elf_msg3.c
index 8e47605aa1..395b4a6f66 100644
--- a/src/overlays/actors/ovl_Elf_Msg3/z_elf_msg3.c
+++ b/src/overlays/actors/ovl_Elf_Msg3/z_elf_msg3.c
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ void ElfMsg3_SetupAction(ElfMsg3* this, ElfMsg3ActionFunc actionFunc) {
 s32 func_80A2CD1C(ElfMsg3* this, PlayState* play) {
     if ((this->actor.home.rot.y > 0) && (this->actor.home.rot.y <= 0x80) &&
         Flags_GetSwitch(play, this->actor.home.rot.y - 1)) {
-        (void)"共倒れ"; // "Collapse together"
+        (void)T("共倒れ", "Mutual destruction");
         if (ELFMSG3_GET_SWITCH_FLAG(&this->actor) != 0x7F) {
             Flags_SetSwitch(play, ELFMSG3_GET_SWITCH_FLAG(&this->actor));
         }
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ s32 func_80A2CD1C(ElfMsg3* this, PlayState* play) {
         return false;
     }
     if (Flags_GetSwitch(play, ELFMSG3_GET_SWITCH_FLAG(&this->actor))) {
-        (void)"共倒れ"; // "Collapse together"
+        (void)T("共倒れ", "Mutual destruction");
         Actor_Kill(&this->actor);
         return true;
     }
diff --git a/src/overlays/actors/ovl_Elf_Msg4/z_elf_msg4.c b/src/overlays/actors/ovl_Elf_Msg4/z_elf_msg4.c
index 01d70ead5c..4ada02511e 100644
--- a/src/overlays/actors/ovl_Elf_Msg4/z_elf_msg4.c
+++ b/src/overlays/actors/ovl_Elf_Msg4/z_elf_msg4.c
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ static InitChainEntry sInitChain[] = {
 s32 func_80AFD380(ElfMsg4* this, PlayState* play) {
     if ((this->actor.home.rot.y > 0) && (this->actor.home.rot.y <= 0x80) &&
         Flags_GetSwitch(play, this->actor.home.rot.y - 1)) {
-        (void)"共倒れ"; // "Collapse together"
+        (void)T("共倒れ", "Mutual destruction");
         if (ELFMSG4_GET_SWITCH_FLAG(&this->actor) != 0x7F) {
             Flags_SetSwitch(play, ELFMSG4_GET_SWITCH_FLAG(&this->actor));
         }
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ s32 func_80AFD380(ElfMsg4* this, PlayState* play) {
         return false;
     }
     if (Flags_GetSwitch(play, ELFMSG4_GET_SWITCH_FLAG(&this->actor))) {
-        (void)"共倒れ"; // "Collapse together"
+        (void)T("共倒れ", "Mutual destruction");
         Actor_Kill(&this->actor);
         return true;
     }
diff --git a/src/overlays/actors/ovl_Elf_Msg5/z_elf_msg5.c b/src/overlays/actors/ovl_Elf_Msg5/z_elf_msg5.c
index 8441bbb52a..68e773e0bb 100644
--- a/src/overlays/actors/ovl_Elf_Msg5/z_elf_msg5.c
+++ b/src/overlays/actors/ovl_Elf_Msg5/z_elf_msg5.c
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ static InitChainEntry sInitChainsInitChain[] = {
 s32 func_80AFD990(ElfMsg5* this, PlayState* play) {
     if ((this->actor.home.rot.y > 0) && (this->actor.home.rot.y <= 0x80) &&
         Flags_GetSwitch(play, this->actor.home.rot.y - 1)) {
-        (void)"共倒れ"; // Collapse together
+        (void)T("共倒れ", "Mutual destruction");
         if (ELFMSG5_GET_SWITCH_FLAG(&this->actor) != 0x7F) {
             Flags_SetSwitch(play, ELFMSG5_GET_SWITCH_FLAG(&this->actor));
         }
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ s32 func_80AFD990(ElfMsg5* this, PlayState* play) {
     }
     if (this->actor.home.rot.y == 0x81) {
         if (Flags_GetClear(play, this->actor.room)) {
-            (void)"共倒れ２"; // Collapse 2
+            (void)T("共倒れ２", "Mutual destruction 2");
             if (ELFMSG5_GET_SWITCH_FLAG(&this->actor) != 0x7F) {
                 Flags_SetSwitch(play, ELFMSG5_GET_SWITCH_FLAG(&this->actor));
             }
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ s32 func_80AFD990(ElfMsg5* this, PlayState* play) {
         return false;
     }
     if (Flags_GetSwitch(play, ELFMSG5_GET_SWITCH_FLAG(&this->actor))) {
-        (void)"共倒れ"; // Collapse together
+        (void)T("共倒れ", "Mutual destruction");
         Actor_Kill(&this->actor);
         return true;
     }
diff --git a/src/overlays/actors/ovl_Mir_Ray/z_mir_ray.c b/src/overlays/actors/ovl_Mir_Ray/z_mir_ray.c
index 076adb0c47..9358379209 100644
--- a/src/overlays/actors/ovl_Mir_Ray/z_mir_ray.c
+++ b/src/overlays/actors/ovl_Mir_Ray/z_mir_ray.c
@@ -237,8 +237,6 @@ static InitChainEntry sInitChain[] = {
     ICHAIN_F32(cullingVolumeDownward, 1000, ICHAIN_STOP),
 };
 
-const char D_808E3DD0[] = "反射光 発生失敗";
-
 void MirRay_SetupCollider(MirRay* this) {
     MirRayDataEntry* dataEntry = &sMirRayData[MIRRAY_LOCATION(&this->actor)];
     f32 x = (this->poolPt.x - this->sourcePt.x) * dataEntry->unk_10;
@@ -294,6 +292,7 @@ void MirRay_Init(Actor* thisx, PlayState* play) {
     ActorShape_Init(&this->actor.shape, 0.0f, NULL, 0.0f);
 
     if (MIRRAY_LOCATION(&this->actor) >= MIRRAY_MAX) {
+        (void)T("反射光 発生失敗", "Reflected light failed to spawn");
         Actor_Kill(&this->actor);
     }