diff --git a/accuracy/axis5_gpu.md b/accuracy/axis5_gpu.md
index d1428d04..94f2f402 100644
--- a/accuracy/axis5_gpu.md
+++ b/accuracy/axis5_gpu.md
@@ -216,6 +216,25 @@ vs `beetle-psx/mednafen/psx/<file>:line` (oracle).
   and can scribble across VRAM where hardware would have dropped it).
 - **Effect**: rare; mainly a robustness/timing divergence. Low priority.
 
+### D12 — Textured-polygon texpage attribute did not update GPU draw-mode state — FIXED 2026-07-05
+- **Oracle**: every textured polygon's texpage word is copied into the GPU
+  draw-mode state before drawing — `SetTPage(CB[4 + ((cc>>4)&1)] >> 16)` runs
+  for all GP0 0x20-0x3F with the texture bit (gpu.cpp:1070-1072). The poly's
+  own word (not the last E1) selects its semi-transparency mode, and later
+  rect/sprite prims (no texpage word) consume the state the poly left behind.
+  Poly words cannot alter dither/draw-to-display (E1-only bits 9-10) nor
+  texture-disable (bit 11 latches only under GP1(09h) TexDisableAllowChange).
+- **Ours (pre-fix)**: textured polys fetched texels from their own tpage but
+  blended with the stale E1-set global `semi_transparency`, and never updated
+  `texpage_x/y/colors` for subsequent rects.
+- **Effect**: additive glows (mode 1 in the prim word) blended with whatever
+  mode the last E1 set — Ape Escape's headlamp halos / siren flares / firework
+  bursts rendered as dark blobs or black starbursts, intermittently (depends
+  on OT bucket order, hence camera/distance). Proven on Ape attract frame
+  60052: nine op-0x2E quads at the artifact coords carried prim mode 1 vs E1
+  mode 0. Fixed in `gpu.c set_tpage_from_poly()`, called by all four textured
+  poly handlers; all backends inherit via `gr_set_semi_transparency`.
+
 ### Items that are FAITHFUL (no action)
 - Semi-transparency 4-mode selection + STP-bit gating (SW and GL).
 - Mask set/check including in copies (SW and GL).
diff --git a/runtime/src/gpu.c b/runtime/src/gpu.c
index b307a1f3..e35877aa 100644
--- a/runtime/src/gpu.c
+++ b/runtime/src/gpu.c
@@ -1680,6 +1680,21 @@ static uint16_t current_texpage(void) {
                       (semi_transparency << 5) | (texpage_colors << 7));
 }
 
+/* Hardware: the texpage attribute word carried inside every textured polygon
+ * (GP0 0x24-0x3F with the texture bit) is copied into the GPU draw-mode state
+ * (GPUSTAT bits 0-8) exactly like GP0(E1) bits 0-8 — the poly's own word, not
+ * the last E1, decides its semi-transparency mode, and later rectangle/sprite
+ * prims (which carry no texpage word) consume the state the poly left behind.
+ * Beetle: SetTPage(CB[4 + ((cc>>4)&1)] >> 16) on every textured poly.
+ * Bits 9-10 (dither / draw-to-display) exist only in E1; bit 11 (texture
+ * disable) only latches when GP1(09h) allowed it, which polys can't grant. */
+static void set_tpage_from_poly(uint16_t tpage_word) {
+    texpage_x         = tpage_word & 0xF;
+    texpage_y         = (tpage_word >> 4) & 1;
+    semi_transparency = (tpage_word >> 5) & 3;
+    texpage_colors    = (tpage_word >> 7) & 3;
+}
+
 /* Helper: set up SW renderer state before a textured draw.
  * semi_trans: whether the primitive has semi-transparency enabled (from opcode bit)
  * raw_texture: 1 if this is a raw-texture opcode (bit 0 of GP0 opcode set) */
@@ -1708,9 +1723,10 @@ static void gp0_exec_textured_tri(void) {
     uint16_t clut = (uint16_t)(gp0_cmd_buf[2] >> 16);
     uint16_t clut_x = (clut & 0x3F) * 16;
     uint16_t clut_y = (clut >> 6) & 0x1FF;
-    /* Texpage from word 4 bits 16-31, or use current state */
+    /* Texpage from word 4 bits 16-31 */
     uint16_t tpage_word = (uint16_t)(gp0_cmd_buf[4] >> 16);
     uint16_t tpage = tpage_word & 0x1FF;
+    set_tpage_from_poly(tpage_word);
 
     for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
         vx[i] += draw_offset_x;
@@ -1743,7 +1759,9 @@ static void gp0_exec_textured_quad(void) {
     uint16_t clut = (uint16_t)(gp0_cmd_buf[2] >> 16);
     uint16_t clut_x = (clut & 0x3F) * 16;
     uint16_t clut_y = (clut >> 6) & 0x1FF;
-    uint16_t tpage = (uint16_t)(gp0_cmd_buf[4] >> 16) & 0x1FF;
+    uint16_t tpage_word = (uint16_t)(gp0_cmd_buf[4] >> 16);
+    uint16_t tpage = tpage_word & 0x1FF;
+    set_tpage_from_poly(tpage_word);
 
     /* Widescreen: tagged billboard quads carry CPU-computed pixel offsets the
      * GTE squash never saw — re-squash every X around the prim's anchor. */
@@ -1815,7 +1833,9 @@ static void gp0_exec_shaded_textured_tri(void) {
     uint16_t clut = (uint16_t)(gp0_cmd_buf[2] >> 16);
     uint16_t clut_x = (clut & 0x3F) * 16;
     uint16_t clut_y = (clut >> 6) & 0x1FF;
-    uint16_t tpage = (uint16_t)(gp0_cmd_buf[5] >> 16) & 0x1FF;
+    uint16_t tpage_word = (uint16_t)(gp0_cmd_buf[5] >> 16);
+    uint16_t tpage = tpage_word & 0x1FF;
+    set_tpage_from_poly(tpage_word);
 
     for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
         vx[i] += draw_offset_x;
@@ -1852,7 +1872,9 @@ static void gp0_exec_shaded_textured_quad(void) {
     uint16_t clut = (uint16_t)(gp0_cmd_buf[2] >> 16);
     uint16_t clut_x = (clut & 0x3F) * 16;
     uint16_t clut_y = (clut >> 6) & 0x1FF;
-    uint16_t tpage = (uint16_t)(gp0_cmd_buf[5] >> 16) & 0x1FF;
+    uint16_t tpage_word = (uint16_t)(gp0_cmd_buf[5] >> 16);
+    uint16_t tpage = tpage_word & 0x1FF;
+    set_tpage_from_poly(tpage_word);
 
     for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
         vx[i] += draw_offset_x;