Two follow-ups to [[widescreen.cull.widen]], both found by testing it.
INTERPRETER PARITY. The widen site type was recompiler-only: the AOT image
evaluated the widened compare while the dirty-RAM interpreter, and any overlay
shard built without the config, still evaluated the vanilla one. The same site
would then cull differently depending on which backend happened to run it.
Adds a runtime site registry mirroring psx_ws_cull_keep_site, wires it from the
config at startup, and consults it from the interpreter's SLT and SLTI paths
before the keep lookup so a config migrated from keep to widen cannot be served
the pinned answer by a stale entry.
GL SUPERSAMPLING CEILING 4x -> 16x. SW_MAX_INTERNAL_SCALE was applied to every
backend, which is the wrong constraint for GL. It exists because the software
path allocates a VRAM-sized hi-res MIRROR costing 1 MB * scale^2 (256 MB at
16x); under GL that mirror stays at 1x (glb_set_scale) and the cost is an FBO
instead. Capping GL at 4x limited it to about 2048x960 internal on hardware
that handles far more.
GL_MAX_INTERNAL_SCALE moves to gpu_render.h (main.cpp needs it to pick the
ceiling before a context exists), main.cpp selects the ceiling per backend, and
the config range becomes 1..16. init_gpu_raster now also clamps to the driver's
real GL_MAX_TEXTURE_SIZE / GL_MAX_RENDERBUFFER_SIZE and says so: previously an
over-large scale reached glTexImage2D, failed silently, and surfaced only as
"GL FBO incomplete" with no hint that the scale caused it.
Measured on WipEout 3 SE (PAL, NVIDIA, Release build + debug tools), sustained
present rate in-race, same track:
scale internal fps
1 508x256 50.0
6 3048x1536 49.8
9 4572x2304 50.2
16 8128x4096 50.0
Flat across the range - the title is guest-bound, so 8K internal is free on this
hardware. 50 fps is full speed for a PAL disc.
Two path-resolution defects where the runtime silently accepted only one of
two equally-valid spellings of the same input.
1. Disc: picking the .cue threw away the disc's TOC.
normalize_disc_path_for_launch() swapped any .cue for its same-named .bin
unconditionally, and every disc entry point (game.toml, --disc, the cached
disc.cfg, the launcher's Change Disc, the first-run dialog) went through it.
That discarded the cue's table of contents -- every CD-DA track and pregap
with it -- even though iso_reader.cpp has full multi-FILE cue support that
the swap defeated before it was ever reached. In the other direction,
picking a redump audio-track bin mounted that track as the whole disc, which
cannot boot.
resolve_disc_path() (runtime/include/disc_path.h) now canonicalizes any pick:
.cue that resolves -> mount the cue (TOC intact)
.cue with a missing bin -> the payload it still names, else a
stem-matched sibling image
.bin/.iso/.img owned by a cue -> mount that cue
bare image, no cue -> mount it
identify_disc() resolves through the same code, so the header/serial/CRC32
verdict is read from the data track no matter which member was picked.
While here: the mount path and the verify path had two divergent private cue
parsers (quoted-only + case-sensitive vs quoted-or-bare + case-insensitive),
so they could disagree about the same file. Both now use one parser
(runtime/include/cue_sheet.h), which additionally handles CRLF, backslash
paths, and case-insensitive payload lookup for case-sensitive filesystems.
2. BIOS: the multi-BIOS rename made configs and dump folders incompatible.
SCPH*.toml name "US-PSX-SCPH1001.BIN" while every pre-existing dump folder,
bios.cfg and tools/regen_bios.sh default name "SCPH1001.BIN". Either
combination fataled with "cannot open BIOS file" despite the right ROM being
present. resolve_bios_rom() (recompiler/include/bios_rom_alias.h) matches on
the model token -- the last '-'-separated component of the stem -- so both
conventions resolve in both directions without a hardcoded alias table.
Applied at the config loader, the positional psxrecomp-bios CLI, and each
rung of the runtime's BIOS search.
The positional CLI also derived out_stem from the raw filename, so a
region-qualified ROM would have emitted US-PSX-SCPH1001_full.c -- a name
runtime.cmake cannot link. It now derives the model token.
Also fixes SCPH5552.toml, whose rom field omitted the bios/ directory that
its two siblings have.
Tests: test_disc_path_resolve (36 checks, five dump layouts) and
test_bios_rom_alias (15 checks, both directions + negative cases), both
registered in runtime/CMakeLists.txt. Registered the pre-existing
test_iso_reader_cdda, which was wired into no build.
Verified on real dumps: Ape Escape .cue and .bin both give
SCUS-94423 / NTSC-U / crc=C6F455BC; Tomba 2's multi-track dump gives
crc=1FB8C151 and a 2-track TOC from the .cue, the data bin, and the CD-DA
bin alike.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
Adds PCSX-Redux's MIT-licensed OpenBIOS as a second BIOS the framework can
statically recompile, next to retail SCPH1001. Because OpenBIOS is
redistributable, a game verified against it ships its BIOS with the build —
players supply only a disc, and the launcher BIOS picker disappears.
The mechanism is general, not OpenBIOS-specific: every BIOS image gets a
bios/<STEM>.toml profile that is the single source of truth for its identity
and layout.
Recompiler
- bios/<STEM>.toml profiles: [program.image] (sha256 pin, redistributable
flag), [recompiler.address_model] (boot-time ROM->RAM copy windows,
kernel-bless window), install_slots, and [recompiler.runtime_exports]
HLE anchors (0 = feature structurally unavailable on that BIOS).
- BiosAddressModel (new): validated model built from the profile, replacing
~9 hardcoded SCPH1001 window constants that had drifted apart across the
emitter / discovery / game codegen. The emitted C normalize() derives
from the same table. from_config rejects overlapping/misaligned windows
and orderings where sequential folding != first-match. A CTest-registered
equivalence test sweeps every RAM/ROM address against verbatim copies of
the old helpers.
- Orphaned delay slots (the OpenBIOS-critical emitter fixes): jr/jalr
slots are inlined before the jump resolves — previously their side
effect was silently LOST (e.g. a case-return fragment's addiu $sp pop,
which unwound a shifted frame and walked the exception handler's IntRP
cursor into a wild dispatch). Orphaned branches resume at ds+4 on
not-taken instead of re-executing the slot (a read-modify-write slot
doubling twice broke OpenBIOS readPad). Jump targets latch pre-slot.
- MIPS-I load-delay modeling for dependent load pairs: the successor sees
the pre-load value (OpenBIOS's cardfasttrack.s relies on it on purpose —
"gotta break those bad emulators"). Unmodeled shapes warn at build time.
- Discovery hardening: branch-target dispatchability closure to fixpoint;
jump tables placed at jr+8 no longer walked as code; cross-function
continuations routed by an instruction->owner map.
- Signed MULT support (unreachable from the retail seed set; modern-GCC
OpenBIOS emits it freely), latency-modeled like MULTU.
- Seeds from ELF symbol tables + data-section code-pointer harvest
(tools/gen_bios_seeds_from_elf.py) — a source-built BIOS needs no
disassembly pass. 646 OpenBIOS seeds, incl. 5 empirical dispatch-miss
seeds.
- Stemmed outputs (<out_stem>_full.c / _dispatch.c) so two BIOSes coexist
in one out_dir. tools/regen_bios.sh is profile-driven (--config).
Runtime
- psx_bios_image: the generated dispatch now self-describes the BIOS it
was compiled from (identity: size/CRC32/SHA-256/wordsum; kernel-bless
window; HLE anchors; bundled flag). Runtime SCPH1001 hardcodes removed.
- Launch check is a hard identity gate (a mismatched image under
statically recompiled code is a guaranteed wild jump). Bundled builds
hide the BIOS picker and treat a missing/tampered bundled image as an
installation defect.
- Faithfulness fixes surfaced by OpenBIOS's tighter timing loops (all
global, argued in code comments, regression-tested against SCPH1001):
- SIO pad RX is cycle-paced like the memcard path (RX_RDY at
shift-complete, ACK +170); total ack-IRQ latency unchanged.
PSX_SIO_PAD_SYNC_RX=1 restores the legacy synchronous path for A/B.
- SPUSTAT derived from SPUCNT instead of permanently-asserted busy.
- GPUSTAT.13 (interlace field) alternates per vblank while interlaced,
pinned 0 in progressive.
- CD Init(0x0A) completes in ~3.9 ms instead of borrowing Beetle's
34 ms Reset figure (OpenBIOS's short bounded retry loop livelocked).
- Exception EPC guard accepts ROM-window block leaders, not just RAM.
- New TCP debug commands (documented in TCP_COMMANDS.md): bios_info,
s3_smear_watch, callret_watch; write-trace ring gains $s0-$s5.
bios/openbios.bin is vendored (MIT — notice in bios/OpenBIOS.LICENSE,
attribution in THIRD_PARTY_ATTRIBUTION.md, source pin + build recipe in
bios/OpenBIOS.toml). The emitter fingerprint digest is now content-only:
existing generated/*.emitter.sha will read STALE once; re-run
tools/regen_bios.sh.
Left-edge counterpart to slti_sites: emit psx_ws_cull_bltz at configured
bltz PCs. detect_cull_bltz_sites only classifies left-edge bltz for
auto_screen_x-qualified functions, so an X-only funnel wired via explicit
slti_sites had no left-edge widen. bltz_sites closes that gap. Identity at
4:3; regen-class.
Add opt-in [widescreen.cull] xclip_load_sites: a configured `lw rt,off(rs)`
loading a per-primitive X-reject bound (sltu-compared against ANDI-masked
u16 screen X) routes through psx_ws_xclip_bound() - INT32_MAX while the
margins are revealed (reject disabled; the wide-surface scissor clips the
overflow, wrapped off-left u16 coords pass), vanilla value at 4:3. Matched
native codegen emit and interpreter hook; overlay ABI v18 forwarder (NULL
preserves the vanilla loaded value); codegen ver 8. Parser, codegen and
overlay-mismatch regression coverage.
Split from #49: replaces the xclip_globals RAM poke with a recompile-time
instruction transform so native shards and the interpreter behave identically.
Add opt-in [widescreen.cull] plane_nx_sites: a configured `lw rt,off(rs)`
loading the X component of a side frustum-plane normal (sign-tested per
corner, dot = nx*px + nz*pz) routes through psx_ws_plane_nx() — scaled by
the inverse aspect factor (4*den)/(3*num) while the margins are revealed,
widening the plane cone by exactly atan((3*num)/(4*den)*tan(theta));
identity at 4:3. Matched native codegen emit and interpreter hook; overlay
ABI v17 forwarder (NULL preserves the vanilla normal); codegen ver 7.
Parser, codegen and overlay-mismatch regression coverage.
Split from #49: replaces the plane sign-test RAM pokes with a
recompile-time instruction transform so native shards and the interpreter
behave identically.
Add opt-in slti/sltiu far-bound scaling with matched native and interpreter semantics, correct immediate sign extension, and an overlay ABI forwarder for live aspect state.
Co-authored-by: Opok <novelasevilliousesp@gmail.com>
Add an opt-in horizontal low-edge transform for subu rd,zero,rt classifiers, with matching native and dirty-RAM interpreter behavior and guarded overlay variants.
Co-authored-by: Opok <novelasevilliousesp@gmail.com>
Emit a shared <stem>_decls.h (runtime extern prologue, static-inline
unaligned helpers, all func + alias-body forward decls) and distribute
function bodies across N ~40k-line <stem>_full_NN.c shards instead of one
monolithic <stem>_full.c. Overlapping-alias host bodies become externally
linked so shard bucketing has no atomicity constraint. runtime.cmake's
GAME_GENERATED_FULL_C is now multi-value (single path still works, so
other games are unaffected until they regen + glob).
Tomba: SCUS_942.36_full.c 41MB single TU -> 36 shards; compile (-O3)
4m35s -> 51s (-j16, ~5.4x). Generated function bytes verified byte-identical
(6245/6245 functions).
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
Generalizes the Capcom 2D widescreen machinery for the MMX4 engine revision:
- [widescreen.bg2d] count_site accepts the inline slti/sltiu loop compare
(X4/X5 style) alongside MMX6's li; startx_site accepts subu rd,zero,rt
(X4's -(scrollX & 15)); inline-count sites route through the generic
psx_ws_bg2d_* helpers that keep the emitted ring mask and skip MMX6's
title-specific host-side refill state.
- [widescreen.cull] a1_sites now also accept a move rd,a1 (addu encoding):
classifiers that copy the caller margin with no delay-slot nop widen the
copied value instead.
- [widescreen] nw_hud_source_lo/hi: optional GP0 command-source range filter
for nw_hud_corners, so a pure-2D game re-anchors only its dedicated HUD
packet arena and never world sprites. 0/0 preserves legacy behavior.
ws_nw_hud_shift_vertices re-anchors polygon/line prims as one rigid
composite; mono rect/dot/8x8 sites shift too.
All helpers identity at 4:3; unset config keys are byte-identical.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Fable 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Adds full 16:9/21:9 native-wide support for fully-3D titles (Ape Escape,
SCUS-94423) as a generic, opt-in, 4:3-byte-identical framework capability, plus
a native-wide GL compositor perf fix and a cutscene present-mode flicker fix.
Widescreen (generic, per-game opt-in via [widescreen*]):
- Shared screen-extent cull detector (runtime/include/ws_cull_detect.h) used by
all three backends (recompiler, dirty-RAM interp, sljit). Per-game signature
immediates ([widescreen.cull] screen_w_imms/screen_h_imms) — Ape's funnel
tests 0x181/0xF1 on its 368px display, not Tomba's 0x140/0xE0.
- Three funnel idioms widened: unsigned per-vertex sltiu (psx_ws_cull_sltiu),
signed min/max slti right edge + bare-bltz left edge (psx_ws_cull_slti/bltz,
new helpers + SLJIT_HLP appends), and billboard center+/-halfwidth. Explicit
[widescreen.cull] slti_sites for X-only funnels the auto-detector can't
qualify.
- gte_game_mode: GTE-activity gameplay detector for 3D titles with no sprite-tag
helper (gte.cpp notes every RTPS/RTPT). STICKY (>=3 verts, 45-frame hysteresis)
so sparse cutscene frames never flip to a 4:3 pillarbox = fixes intro flicker.
- nw_hud_corners: push outer-third screen-space HUD sprites to the true wide
corners in native-wide (else inset by the reveal).
- nw_backdrop: stretch a full-frame axis-aligned 2D backdrop quad to fill the
wide frame (for titles with a flat sky plane).
- Pattern-scanned interp/sljit widen hooks now gated per-game (auto_screen_x /
auto_backdrop): fixes an ungated auto_backdrop false-positive that rewrote a
live GPR = the ~24s native-wide crash on Ape.
Native-wide GL perf (fixes 16:9 frame drops):
- The wide surface centre equals the canonical 4:3 framebuffer, so wide_blit_center
copies canonical->wide-centre at present (both present paths) and the per-prim
mirror SKIPS prims fully inside the 4:3 frame (mirror_x/geo/batch_center_only).
Only reveal-margin prims re-rasterize. Peak frame time 38.8ms -> 17.5ms, no
vsync misses. Toggle gl_wide_fast; 4:3 untouched (all gated on g_wide_cur).
Runtime-only except the recompiler cull emit (regen needed for cull widening).
Co-Authored-By: Claude Fable 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
In-progress investigation work snapshotted before rebasing onto the
tcc-refactored psxrecomp master. Includes overlay ABI v8
(check_interrupts_at resume-PC callback for async RFE recovery) and
code_generator/full_function_emitter delay-slot cycle accounting.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>
The Ape Escape forward-port (e0c819c) added pre-prologue setup detection to
function_analysis (find_preprologue_setup_start / preprologue_window_is_valid +
is_bios_dispatch_thunk), extending function STARTS backward to absorb preceding
lui/lw global-load setup. On Tomba this mis-bounds a function in the Village-of-
All-Beginnings init path (function count 5562 -> 5492, ~70 functions absorbed),
producing a main-loop softlock: New Game / loading the Village save wedges with
the main loop spinning on the 0xCF0 SIO poll, never rendering the area (a "blue
screen"). Backend-independent (gcc + tcc), not overlay/interp related.
This worked in v0.5.x (pin 5007c46, pre-AE). Revert function_analysis.{cpp,h} to
that state. Confirmed: the 0xCF0 wedge signature disappears (repro cf0_frac
1.00 -> 0.02) and Tomba boots/plays again. Ape Escape is not a public release, so
rolling back its discovery changes is safe; MMX6's existing release is unaffected
(its binary was already built), but a future MMX6 rebuild should be re-verified
against this discovery. A follow-up can re-introduce the pre-prologue heuristic
correctly (game-gated or with a tighter boundary check) without the over-extension.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Comprehensive 3-way merge of the dev/ape-escape branch into master for
the isolated wt/ape-escape worktree. Brought in every complementary ape
change automatically (dma.c, memory.c interrupt byte/half lanes,
function_analysis discovery, main_bios vector seeds, iso_reader
iso_sector_count, config_loader, crash-trace fields, headers). Resolved
the 13 conflicts by rule:
- CPS dispatch / recompiler (code_generator, full_function_emitter,
dirty_ram_interp, traps, main_psx) -> KEEP MASTER (evolved system).
- CD model (cdrom.c) -> take ape (the model that booted Ape).
- interrupts.c/.h -> reverted to MASTER (ape's interrupt-delivery is
dispatch-coupled; the merged Frankenstein stormed).
- sio/debug_server/freeze_heartbeat/main.cpp -> keep master (evolved).
- crash_trace.c -> master (ape freeze-dump fns omitted to avoid the
debug-ring cascade).
STATUS: does NOT boot yet. ape-cdrom + master-interrupts derails to
PC=0 at frame ~2092 (insta-close); ape-cdrom + ape-interrupts storms
(297M exception re-entries) at frame 2077. Root finding: ape's CD
anti-storm is coupled to ape's interrupt-delivery + call-depth + EPC
model, which master replaced with CPS continuation-passing, so the CD
subsystem does not forward-port as pure hardware simulation. Preserved
as the reference state for a design consult on bridging the two models.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>
The 16:9 BG widen draws LEFT extra tile columns each side, but the engine's
streamer (FUN_800273e4 -> FUN_800274a0) only refreshes one column per side per
frame at the leading edge. On scene entry / fast scroll the inner reveal columns
held stale tiles from a prior scrollY -> real-but-misplaced tiles spilling
up-and-left (the "staircase"). Census confirmed this is NOT the BG packet-budget
overflow (674-816 prims/frame, well under the 1000-tile cap).
Fix (render window == refresh window): clone FUN_800274a0's inner metatile->ring
fill into mmx6_fill_column() and re-stream every column of the widened window for
all 3 layers each frame (psx_ws_mmx6_bg_refill_all), triggered once/frame from the
existing count_site hook (mmx6_bg_refill_tick, frame-gated). Uses each layer's own
scroll, omits the engine's scrollX wrap-bookkeeping writes (those drive the engine's
own incremental streamer), skips map-loop seams; off-map columns fill tile 0 (the
renderer skips them). Validated byte-exact against the engine's own streaming
(0 mismatches / 1113 cells x 3 frames; debug cmd mmx6_freshfix {validate:1}). Gated
native-wide <=384w so 4:3 and the 512 hi-res title stay byte-identical.
Also removes the 2-col reveal cap (WS_FULL2D_MAX_REVEAL): it never addressed the
staircase and cost screen real-estate; the full 53px/4-col reveal is restored.
Parked, gated-off experiments ride along (inert, default off): host-side reveal
(Attempt A: gpu_ws_mmx6_emit_reveal + sw_wide_emit_tile) and BG packet-buffer
relocation (Attempt B: [widescreen.bg2d] bufbase/cap recompiler hooks). These target
the separate dense-stage budget-overflow concern, not this fix.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>
The BG renderer widen (a8f37c1) draws extra tile columns on both sides, but the
engine's 64-column tile ring is only refreshed at its leading edge: the streamer
(FUN_800273e4) re-streams ONE column per side per frame at world-X scrollX-16
(left) and scrollX+16+width (right). So the columns the widened renderer reaches
were never populated — they showed empty (black margin) or stale (old tiles as
the camera scrolled), the "stale margins" the user saw in motion.
Add two more [widescreen.bg2d] sites (stream_left_site / stream_right_site) that
push the streamer's left/right leading-edge world-X out by LEFT*16 via gpu.c
psx_ws_mmx6_bg_stream_{left,right}, so the incremental streamer keeps the ring
valid across the widened window as the camera scrolls. Same number of streams
(the single leading-edge target just moves out LEFT columns) — no extra cost.
Identity at 4:3 / 512 hi-res.
Verified: the previously-black left reveal margin now fills with coherent
adjacent stage; blackL/blackR = 0 across scenes.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Alex Vanderveen