[refurb] Make fix unsafe if it deletes comments (FURB188) (#22665)

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## Summary

<!-- What's the purpose of the change? What does it do, and why? -->

## Test Plan

<!-- How was it tested? -->

crates/ruff_linter/resources/test/fixtures/refurb/FURB188.py

@@ -205,3 +205,12 @@ def func():
     if a.endswith("foo"):
         a = a[: -len("foo")]
     print(a)
+
+
+def example(filename: str, text: str):
+    filename = (
+        filename[:-4]  # text
+        if filename.endswith(".txt")  # text
+        else filename
+    )
+

crates/ruff_linter/src/rules/refurb/rules/slice_to_remove_prefix_or_suffix.rs

@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+use ruff_diagnostics::Applicability;
 use ruff_macros::{ViolationMetadata, derive_message_formats};
 use ruff_python_ast::{self as ast, PythonVersion};
 use ruff_python_semantic::SemanticModel;
@@ -37,6 +38,9 @@ use crate::{AlwaysFixableViolation, Edit, Fix};
 ///     filename = filename.removesuffix(".txt")
 ///     text = text.removeprefix("pre")
 /// ```
+///
+/// ## Fix safety
+/// This rule's fix is marked as safe, unless the expression contains comments.
 #[derive(ViolationMetadata)]
 #[violation_metadata(stable_since = "0.9.0")]
 pub(crate) struct SliceToRemovePrefixOrSuffix {
@@ -89,11 +93,16 @@ pub(crate) fn slice_to_remove_affix_expr(checker: &Checker, if_expr: &ast::ExprI
             let replacement =
                 generate_removeaffix_expr(text, &removal_data.affix_query, checker.locator());
 
-            diagnostic.set_fix(Fix::safe_edit(Edit::replacement(
-                replacement,
-                if_expr.start(),
-                if_expr.end(),
-            )));
+            let applicability = if checker.comment_ranges().intersects(if_expr.range) {
+                Applicability::Unsafe
+            } else {
+                Applicability::Safe
+            };
+
+            diagnostic.set_fix(Fix::applicable_edit(
+                Edit::replacement(replacement, if_expr.start(), if_expr.end()),
+                applicability,
+            ));
         }
     }
 }
@@ -122,11 +131,16 @@ pub(crate) fn slice_to_remove_affix_stmt(checker: &Checker, if_stmt: &ast::StmtI
                 checker.locator(),
             );
 
-            diagnostic.set_fix(Fix::safe_edit(Edit::replacement(
-                replacement,
-                if_stmt.start(),
-                if_stmt.end(),
-            )));
+            let applicability = if checker.comment_ranges().intersects(if_stmt.range) {
+                Applicability::Unsafe
+            } else {
+                Applicability::Safe
+            };
+
+            diagnostic.set_fix(Fix::applicable_edit(
+                Edit::replacement(replacement, if_stmt.start(), if_stmt.end()),
+                applicability,
+            ));
         }
     }
 }

crates/ruff_linter/src/rules/refurb/snapshots/ruff_linter__rules__refurb__tests__FURB188_FURB188.py.snap

@@ -317,3 +317,28 @@ help: Use removesuffix instead of assignment conditional upon endswith.
     -         a = a[: -len("foo")]
 205 +     a = a.removesuffix("foo")
 206 |     print(a)
+207 | 
+208 | 
+
+FURB188 [*] Prefer `str.removesuffix()` over conditionally replacing with slice.
+   --> FURB188.py:212:9
+    |
+210 |   def example(filename: str, text: str):
+211 |       filename = (
+212 | /         filename[:-4]  # text
+213 | |         if filename.endswith(".txt")  # text
+214 | |         else filename
+    | |_____________________^
+215 |       )
+    |
+help: Use removesuffix instead of ternary expression conditional upon endswith.
+209 | 
+210 | def example(filename: str, text: str):
+211 |     filename = (
+    -         filename[:-4]  # text
+    -         if filename.endswith(".txt")  # text
+    -         else filename
+212 +         filename.removesuffix(".txt")
+213 |     )
+214 | 
+note: This is an unsafe fix and may change runtime behavior