selftests/bpf: Add selftest for bits iter

Add test cases for the bits iter:

- Positive cases
  - Bit mask representing a single word (8-byte unit)
  - Bit mask representing data spanning more than one word
  - The index of the set bit

- Nagative cases
  - bpf_iter_bits_destroy() is required after calling
    bpf_iter_bits_new()
  - bpf_iter_bits_destroy() can only destroy an initialized iter
  - bpf_iter_bits_next() must use an initialized iter
  - Bit mask representing zero words
  - Bit mask representing fewer words than expected
  - Case for ENOMEM
  - Case for NULL pointer

Signed-off-by: Yafang Shao <laoar.shao@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andrii@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20240517023034.48138-3-laoar.shao@gmail.com

tools/testing/selftests/bpf/prog_tests/verifier.c

@@ -85,6 +85,7 @@
 #include "verifier_xadd.skel.h"
 #include "verifier_xdp.skel.h"
 #include "verifier_xdp_direct_packet_access.skel.h"
+#include "verifier_bits_iter.skel.h"
 
 #define MAX_ENTRIES 11
 
@@ -200,6 +201,7 @@ void test_verifier_var_off(void)              { RUN(verifier_var_off); }
 void test_verifier_xadd(void)                 { RUN(verifier_xadd); }
 void test_verifier_xdp(void)                  { RUN(verifier_xdp); }
 void test_verifier_xdp_direct_packet_access(void) { RUN(verifier_xdp_direct_packet_access); }
+void test_verifier_bits_iter(void) { RUN(verifier_bits_iter); }
 
 static int init_test_val_map(struct bpf_object *obj, char *map_name)
 {

tools/testing/selftests/bpf/progs/verifier_bits_iter.c

@@ -0,0 +1,153 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
+/* Copyright (c) 2024 Yafang Shao <laoar.shao@gmail.com> */
+
+#include "vmlinux.h"
+#include <bpf/bpf_helpers.h>
+#include <bpf/bpf_tracing.h>
+
+#include "bpf_misc.h"
+#include "task_kfunc_common.h"
+
+char _license[] SEC("license") = "GPL";
+
+int bpf_iter_bits_new(struct bpf_iter_bits *it, const u64 *unsafe_ptr__ign,
+		      u32 nr_bits) __ksym __weak;
+int *bpf_iter_bits_next(struct bpf_iter_bits *it) __ksym __weak;
+void bpf_iter_bits_destroy(struct bpf_iter_bits *it) __ksym __weak;
+
+SEC("iter.s/cgroup")
+__description("bits iter without destroy")
+__failure __msg("Unreleased reference")
+int BPF_PROG(no_destroy, struct bpf_iter_meta *meta, struct cgroup *cgrp)
+{
+	struct bpf_iter_bits it;
+	u64 data = 1;
+
+	bpf_iter_bits_new(&it, &data, 1);
+	bpf_iter_bits_next(&it);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+SEC("iter/cgroup")
+__description("uninitialized iter in ->next()")
+__failure __msg("expected an initialized iter_bits as arg #1")
+int BPF_PROG(next_uninit, struct bpf_iter_meta *meta, struct cgroup *cgrp)
+{
+	struct bpf_iter_bits *it = NULL;
+
+	bpf_iter_bits_next(it);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+SEC("iter/cgroup")
+__description("uninitialized iter in ->destroy()")
+__failure __msg("expected an initialized iter_bits as arg #1")
+int BPF_PROG(destroy_uninit, struct bpf_iter_meta *meta, struct cgroup *cgrp)
+{
+	struct bpf_iter_bits it = {};
+
+	bpf_iter_bits_destroy(&it);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+SEC("syscall")
+__description("null pointer")
+__success __retval(0)
+int null_pointer(void)
+{
+	int nr = 0;
+	int *bit;
+
+	bpf_for_each(bits, bit, NULL, 1)
+		nr++;
+	return nr;
+}
+
+SEC("syscall")
+__description("bits copy")
+__success __retval(10)
+int bits_copy(void)
+{
+	u64 data = 0xf7310UL; /* 4 + 3 + 2 + 1 + 0*/
+	int nr = 0;
+	int *bit;
+
+	bpf_for_each(bits, bit, &data, 1)
+		nr++;
+	return nr;
+}
+
+SEC("syscall")
+__description("bits memalloc")
+__success __retval(64)
+int bits_memalloc(void)
+{
+	u64 data[2];
+	int nr = 0;
+	int *bit;
+
+	__builtin_memset(&data, 0xf0, sizeof(data)); /* 4 * 16 */
+	bpf_for_each(bits, bit, &data[0], sizeof(data) / sizeof(u64))
+		nr++;
+	return nr;
+}
+
+SEC("syscall")
+__description("bit index")
+__success __retval(8)
+int bit_index(void)
+{
+	u64 data = 0x100;
+	int bit_idx = 0;
+	int *bit;
+
+	bpf_for_each(bits, bit, &data, 1) {
+		if (*bit == 0)
+			continue;
+		bit_idx = *bit;
+	}
+	return bit_idx;
+}
+
+SEC("syscall")
+__description("bits nomem")
+__success __retval(0)
+int bits_nomem(void)
+{
+	u64 data[4];
+	int nr = 0;
+	int *bit;
+
+	__builtin_memset(&data, 0xff, sizeof(data));
+	bpf_for_each(bits, bit, &data[0], 513) /* Be greater than 512 */
+		nr++;
+	return nr;
+}
+
+SEC("syscall")
+__description("fewer words")
+__success __retval(1)
+int fewer_words(void)
+{
+	u64 data[2] = {0x1, 0xff};
+	int nr = 0;
+	int *bit;
+
+	bpf_for_each(bits, bit, &data[0], 1)
+		nr++;
+	return nr;
+}
+
+SEC("syscall")
+__description("zero words")
+__success __retval(0)
+int zero_words(void)
+{
+	u64 data[2] = {0x1, 0xff};
+	int nr = 0;
+	int *bit;
+
+	bpf_for_each(bits, bit, &data[0], 0)
+		nr++;
+	return nr;
+}