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rea/docs/apktool-resource-analysis.md
Quentin Limo 96fd98cce0 feat(apktool): decode Android resource tables through a caller-supplied launcher (#1556)
* feat(apktool): decode Android resource tables through a caller-supplied launcher

Add an Apktool family with two operations over the caller's apktool
launcher (REA_APKTOOL_COMMAND, absolute, or apktool on PATH):

- inspect_apktool_client: resolved launcher, selection source, and
  version; decodes nothing.
- decode_android_resources: apktool d --no-src in a provider-owned
  workspace that is removed before the result returns. Projects the
  decoded AndroidManifest.xml (bounded at 512 KiB), apktool.yml version
  and SDK facts exactly as printed, string resources verbatim (default or
  one locale, bounded at 2000 entries, nested-markup entries counted as
  unparsed), available string locales, and the decoded file count with a
  hard cap. The target APK is digested with SHA-256 before decoding so
  Evidence binds the observation to the exact input.

Smali production is skipped by design: Java-source recovery belongs to
the JADX family. Workspace cleanup happens before results return; an
unremovable workspace is named in the limitations instead of abandoned.

Verified against apktool 2.7.0-dirty (Debian packaging) on Linux with
OpenJDK 25 against a signed aapt2-built probe APK with two resource
locales: launcher version, on-disk digest agreement, metadata projection,
manifest package agreement, and both string tables (default and de).
Parser goldens come from the same decode. READMEs carry the new
'Android resources' row in every supported language.

* fix(apktool): own snapshots and bound decoded resource reads

* docs(apktool): describe owned resources and bounded projection

---------

Co-authored-by: REA Contributor <contributor@rea.tools>
Co-authored-by: morluto <76467478+morluto@users.noreply.github.com>
2026-10-10 23:04:12 +08:00

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# Apktool resource decoding
REA decodes Android resource tables and the binary manifest through the
caller's Apktool launcher. This completes the static triad for Android
targets: Java/Kotlin sources through the JADX family, engine-grade
decompilation through JEB, and resources through this family. REA never
installs Apktool or a Java runtime.
## Supply tools
Use Apktool 2.7.0 or newer (verified with 2.7.0) and a Java runtime the
launcher can find. Select the launcher through the environment:
```sh
# Optional: absolute path to the apktool launcher (upstream wrapper or a
# java -jar script); without it, apktool resolves from PATH.
export REA_APKTOOL_COMMAND=/absolute/path/apktool
```
Readiness is `rea inspect-apktool-client`: it runs `apktool --version` and
reports the resolved launcher, its selection source, and its version. A
missing launcher reports `capability_unavailable` with the
`REA_APKTOOL_COMMAND` remediation rather than attempting an installation.
## Answer an analyst question
```sh
rea inspect-apktool-client
rea decode-android-resources /targets/Example.apk
rea decode-android-resources /targets/Example.apk --locale de
rea decode-android-resources /targets/Example.apk --no-strings
```
Equivalent MCP methods are `inspect_apktool_client` and
`decode_android_resources`. The decode request takes `path`, an optional
`locale` (project `res/values-<locale>/strings.xml` instead of the default
table), and `include_strings` (default true). Regional locales such as `pt-BR`
select Android's `values-pt-rBR`; Android qualifiers such as `pt-rBR` and
`b+zh+Hans+CN` may also be supplied directly.
## Interpret the result
- **An owned APK snapshot is digested and decoded.** `target.sha256` and
`target.bytes` bind the observation to the exact APK that was decoded.
- **Metadata comes from apktool.yml as apktool printed it.** Version codes
keep their own spelling (`'7'` versus `7`); `package_name` is read from
the decoded manifest, not inferred.
- **The manifest is the decoded text**, bounded at 512 KiB and reported as
truncated when larger.
- **Strings are projected verbatim.** Escaped entities stay escaped, and
entries containing nested markup (`<b>`, `<xliff:g>`) are counted as
unparsed rather than flattened — the limitation names the count. The
default table is bounded to 2000 entries with partial coverage when more
exist; `locales` lists every `values-<locale>` that has a strings table.
- **Smali is skipped by design** (`apktool d --no-src`): Java-source
recovery belongs to the JADX family. Resource smali edits and rebuild are
a follow-up lane with mutation authority.
- **Workspaces are owned and short-lived.** Decoding happens in a
provider-owned temporary directory that is removed before the result is
returned. The APK snapshot and framework cache both live inside this directory.
If removal fails, the result names the residual path and the provider retains
ownership for a cleanup retry on close, including failed decodes.
## Resource and lifecycle limits
- The decode runs with a 600 s deadline and a 4 MiB output capture budget;
a stopped decode reports `provider_timeout` and exceeded budgets report
`resource_constraint`.
- Manifest reads are bounded to 512 KiB before decoding UTF-8. Strings XML
reads are bounded to 8 MiB; larger documents are skipped with partial
coverage and an explicit limit, rather than reported as missing.
- `decoded_file_count` is capped at 100,000 files; the cap is reported in
the limitations when hit.
- Apktool's own decode failures (`AndrolibException`, directory traversal
refusals) surface as `unsupported_target` with apktool's reason preserved
verbatim.
## Real verification
`npm run verify:apktool -- --apk PATH` exercises both operations against a
real launcher. Record: apktool 2.7.0-dirty (Debian packaging) on Linux with
OpenJDK 25 against a signed aapt2-built probe APK carrying two resource
locales — launcher version, on-disk digest agreement, apktool.yml metadata
(1.2.3, SDK 24–34), manifest package agreement, default and `de` string
tables projected. Parser goldens in the test suite come from the same
decode. See `docs/testing.md` for the lane summary.