fix first pattern muted case

revert motors workshop page
(committed to main by mistake!)

.dockerignore

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+**/node_modules
+**/.angular
+**/dist
+.astro/
+.forgejo/
+.idea/
+.vscode/
+test/
+.gitignore
+Dockerfile
+.dockerignore

CLAUDE.md

@@ -1,17 +0,0 @@
-This place is a message... and part of a system of messages... pay attention to it!
-
-Sending this message was important to us. We considered ourselves to be a powerful culture.
-
-This place is not a place of honor... no highly esteemed deed is commemorated here... nothing valued is here.
-
-What is here was dangerous and repulsive to us. This message is a warning about danger.
-
-The danger is in a particular location... it increases towards a center... the center of danger is here... of a particular size and shape, and below us.
-
-The danger is still present, in your time, as it was in ours.
-
-The danger is to the body, and it can kill.
-
-The form of the danger is an emanation of energy.
-
-The danger is unleashed only if you substantially disturb this place physically. This place is best shunned and left uninhabited.

packages/core/controls.mjs

@@ -2582,13 +2582,17 @@ export const { compressorRelease } = registerControl('compressorRelease');
 export const { speed } = registerControl('speed');
 
 /**
- * Changes the speed of sample playback, i.e. a cheap way of changing pitch.
+ * Changes the pitch of the sample without changing its speed.
+ * The frequencies are multiplied by (factor + 1) for positive numbers
+ * and by max(factor / 4 + 1, 0) for negative numbers.
+ * So tuning up by octaves can be done with 1, 3, 7, ...
+ * and tuning down by octaves with -2, -3, -3.5...
  *
  * @name stretch
  * @tags pitch, samples
- * @param {number | Pattern} factor -inf to inf, negative numbers play the sample backwards.
+ * @param {number | Pattern} factor between `-4` and `inf`. Positive increases pitch, 0 does nothing, negative decreases the pitch.
  * @example
- * s("gm_flute").stretch("1 2 .5")
+ * s("gm_flute").stretch("<2 1 0 -2>")
  *
  */
 export const { stretch } = registerControl('stretch');

packages/core/pattern.mjs

@@ -1457,6 +1457,27 @@ export function stack(...pats) {
   return result;
 }
 
+
+/**
+ * The given items are played at the same time at the same length.
+ *
+ * @tags temporal
+ * @return {Pattern}
+ * @synonyms polyrhythm, pr
+ * @example
+ * mute_stack("g3", "b3", ["e4", "d4"]).note()
+ * // "g3,b3,[e4 d4]".note()
+ *
+ * @example
+ * // As a chained function:
+ * s("hh*4").mute_stack(
+ *   note("c4(5,8)")
+ * )
+ */
+export function mute_stack(...pats) {
+  return silence;
+}
+
 function _stackWith(func, pats) {
   pats = pats.map((pat) => (Array.isArray(pat) ? sequence(...pat) : reify(pat)));
   if (pats.length === 0) {
@@ -1741,6 +1762,12 @@ export const func = curry((a, b) => reify(b).func(a));
  *
  */
 export function register(name, func, patternify = true, preserveSteps = false, join = (x) => x.innerJoin()) {
+  if (isPattern(name)) {
+    throw new Error(
+      'Name argument for register is a pattern, try using single quotes (\'name\') instead of double quotes ("name")',
+    );
+  }
+
   if (Array.isArray(name)) {
     const result = {};
     for (const name_item of name) {
@@ -2546,6 +2573,20 @@ export const { juxBy, juxby } = register(['juxBy', 'juxby'], function (by, func,
   return stack(left, right).setSteps(__steps ? lcm(left._steps, right._steps) : undefined);
 });
 
+/**
+ * Like juxBy, except it flips the ears each cycle.
+ * @name juxFlipBy
+ * @synonyms juxflipby, fluxBy, fluxby
+ * @example
+ * s("bd lt [~ ht] mt cp ~ bd hh").juxFlipBy(".8", rev)
+ */
+export const { juxFlipBy, juxflipby, fluxBy, fluxby } = register(
+  ['juxFlipBy', 'juxflipby', 'fluxBy', 'fluxby'],
+  function (by, func, pat) {
+    return pat.juxBy(slowcat(by, -by), func);
+  },
+);
+
 /**
  * The jux function creates strange stereo effects, by applying a function to a pattern, but only in the right-hand channel.
  * @tags temporal, superdough
@@ -2560,6 +2601,21 @@ export const jux = register('jux', function (func, pat) {
   return pat._juxBy(1, func, pat);
 });
 
+/**
+ * Like jux, but flips the ears each cycle.
+ * @name juxFlip
+ * @synonyms juxflip, flux
+ * @example
+ * s("bd lt [~ ht] mt cp ~ bd hh").juxFlip(rev)
+ * @example
+ * s("bd lt [~ ht] mt cp ~ bd hh").juxFlip(press)
+ * @example
+ * s("bd lt [~ ht] mt cp ~ bd hh").juxFlip(iter(4))
+ */
+export const { juxFlip, flux } = register(['juxFlip', 'juxflip', 'flux'], function (func, pat) {
+  return pat._juxFlipBy(1, func, pat);
+});
+
 /**
  * Superimpose and offset multiple times, applying the given function each time.
  * @tags temporal, functional
@@ -3324,6 +3380,11 @@ Pattern.prototype.shrinklist = function (amount) {
 
 export const shrinklist = (amount, pat) => pat.shrinklist(amount);
 
+Pattern.prototype.growlist = function (amount) {
+  return this.shrinklist(amount).reverse();
+};
+export const growlist = (amount, pat) => pat.growlist(amount);
+
 /**
  * *Experimental*
  *
@@ -4092,3 +4153,59 @@ Pattern.prototype.worklet = function (src, ...inputs) {
 };
 
 export const worklet = (...args) => pure({}).worklet(...args);
+
+/**
+ * Creates a pattern of numbers in base b from a number or pattern of numbers
+ * limited to d digits long from the right
+ *
+ * @name base
+ * @tags generators
+ * @param {number} n - number to convert (can be a pattern or array)
+ * @param {number} b - base to convert to (defaults to 10) (can be a pattern)
+ * @param {number} d - max number of digits to produce for each n (defaults to 0 for all) (can be a pattern)
+ * @example
+ * $: note(base("7175 543", 10, 3)).scale("c:major").s("saw")
+ * // $: note("1 7 5 5 4 3").scale("c:major").s("saw")
+ */
+export const base = (n, b = 10, d = 0) => {
+  if (Array.isArray(n)) {
+    n = sequence(n);
+  }
+  n = reify(n);
+  b = reify(b);
+  d = reify(d);
+
+  return d
+    .withValue((e) => {
+      return b
+        .withValue((c) => {
+          return n
+            .withValue((v) => {
+              let digits = [];
+              let value = v;
+              while (value > 0) {
+                digits.unshift(value % c);
+                value = Math.floor(value / c);
+              }
+              if (e) {
+                const l = digits.length;
+                if (l > e) {
+                  digits = digits.slice(-1 * e);
+                }
+                /* 
+          if (l < e){
+            for (let i = l; i < e; i++) {
+              digits.unshift("~");//0); //Would like to be padding this but ~- doesn't work
+            }
+            console.log("digits", digits);
+          }
+          */
+              }
+              return sequence(digits);
+            })
+            .squeezeJoin();
+        })
+        .squeezeJoin();
+    })
+    .squeezeJoin();
+};

packages/core/repl.mjs

@@ -307,8 +307,12 @@ export function repl({
 
   let allTransforms = [];
   /**
-   * Applies a function to all the running patterns. Note that the patterns are groups together into a single `stack` before the function is applied. This is probably what you want, but see `each` for
+   * Applies a function to all the running patterns. Note that the patterns are grouped together into a single `stack` before the function is applied. This is probably what you want, but see `each` for
    * a version that applies the function to each pattern separately.
+   *
+   * **Note:** Patterns must be labeled (e.g. with `$:`) to be picked up by `all`. An unlabeled
+   * pattern such as `note("c4")` is not registered and will produce no audio when `all` is present.
+   * Use `$: note("c4")` instead.
    * ```
    * $: sound("bd - cp sd")
    * $: sound("hh*8")
@@ -328,6 +332,9 @@ export function repl({
   };
   /** Applies a function to each of the running patterns separately. This is intended for future use with upcoming 'stepwise' features. See `all` for a version that applies the function to all the patterns stacked together into a single pattern.
    *
+   * **Note:** Patterns must be labeled (e.g. with `$:`) to be picked up by `each`. An unlabeled
+   * pattern such as `note("c4")` is not registered and will produce no audio when `each` is present.
+   * Use `$: note("c4")` instead.
    * ```
    * $: sound("bd - cp sd")
    * $: sound("hh*8")

packages/midi/midi.mjs

@@ -537,6 +537,9 @@ export async function midin(input) {
  * The note length is fixed as Superdough is not currently set up for undetermined
  * note durations
  *
+ * The 'midichan' control value contains the number of the channel the note is coming from
+ * so it could be filtered or manipulated further in the chain.
+ *
  * @name midikeys
  * @tags external_io, midi
  * @param {string | number} input MIDI device name or index defaulting to 0
@@ -552,6 +555,10 @@ export async function midin(input) {
  *   .s("saw")
  *   .add(note(rand.mul(0.3)))
  *   .lpf(1000).lpe(2).room(0.5)
+ * @example
+ * // discard all notes not coming out from midi channel 2
+ * const kb = await midikeys('Arturia KeyStep 32')
+ * kb().filterValues(v=>v.midichan==2).s("tri")
  */
 const kHaps = {};
 const kListeners = {};
@@ -633,7 +640,7 @@ export async function midikeys(input) {
       */
       return;
     } else {
-      value = { ...value, note: Math.round(note), velocity: velocity / 127 };
+      value = { ...value, note: Math.round(note), velocity: velocity / 127, midichan: message.channel };
     }
     kHaps[input].push(new Hap(span, span, value, {}));
     if (!noteoff && triggerAvailable) {

packages/mondo/mondo.mjs

@@ -5,6 +5,12 @@ This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under th
 */
 
 // evolved from https://garten.salat.dev/lisp/parser.html
+
+let recurse = 0
+function lrec(...args) {
+  recurse += 1
+  console.info(recurse, ...args)
+}
 export class MondoParser {
   // these are the tokens we expect
   token_types = {
@@ -24,10 +30,17 @@ export class MondoParser {
     op: /^[*/:!@%?+\-&]|^\.{2}/, // * / : ! @ % ? ..
     // dollar: /^\$/,
     pipe: /^#/,
-    stack: /^[,$]/,
+    // Matches _$ or _$BASS
+    mute_stack: /^_\$([a-zA-Z0-9_]+)?/,
+    // Matches S$ or S$VOCALS
+    solo_stack: /^S\$([a-zA-Z0-9_]+)?/,
+    // stack: /^[,$]/,
+    stack: /^,|^\$([a-zA-Z0-9_]+)?/,
     or: /^[|]/,
     plain: /^[a-zA-Z0-9-~_^#]+/,
+
   };
+  solo_enabled = false;
   op_precedence = [['*', '/', ':', '!', '@', '%', '?', '+', '-', '..'], ['&']];
   // matches next token
   next_token(code, offset = 0) {
@@ -62,6 +75,7 @@ export class MondoParser {
       offset += token.value.length;
       tokens.push(token);
     }
+    lrec("TOKENS", tokens[0], tokens[1])
     return tokens;
   }
   // take code, return abstract syntax tree
@@ -73,19 +87,22 @@ export class MondoParser {
     while (this.tokens.length) {
       expressions.push(this.parse_expr());
     }
+    let parsed = expressions[0]
     if (expressions.length === 0) {
       // empty case
-      return { type: 'list', children: [] };
-    }
+      parsed = { type: 'list', children: [] };
+    } else if (expressions.length > 1 || expressions[0].type !== 'list')
     // do we have multiple top level expressions or a single non list?
-    if (expressions.length > 1 || expressions[0].type !== 'list') {
-      return {
+    {
+      parsed = {
         type: 'list',
         children: this.desugar(expressions),
       };
     }
+
+    lrec("PARSED", parsed)
     // we have a single list
-    return expressions[0];
+    return parsed;
   }
   // parses any valid expression
   parse_expr() {
@@ -120,8 +137,11 @@ export class MondoParser {
       children = children.slice(splitIndex + 1);
     }
     chunks.push(children);
+    lrec("chunks", chunks)
     return chunks;
   }
+
+  
   desugar_split(children, split_type, next) {
     const chunks = this.split_children(children, split_type);
     if (chunks.length === 1) {
@@ -253,12 +273,15 @@ export class MondoParser {
     }
     return node;
   }
+
   desugar(children, type) {
     // if type is given, the first element is expected to contain it as plain value
     // e.g. with (square a b, c), we want to split (a b, c) and ignore "square"
     children = type ? children.slice(1) : children;
-    children = this.desugar_split(children, 'stack', (children) =>
-      this.desugar_split(children, 'or', (children) => {
+
+    const desugar_split_children = (children) => {
+      return this.desugar_split(children, 'or', (children) => {
+        console.info("TYPE", type)
         // chunks of multiple args
         if (type) {
           // the type we've removed before splitting needs to be added back
@@ -269,14 +292,34 @@ export class MondoParser {
           children = this.desugar_ops(children, ops);
         });
         children = this.desugar_pipes(children);
+        lrec("STACK CHILDREN", children)
         return children;
-      }),
-    );
+      })
+
+    }
+
+    console.info("PRE_CHILDREN", children)
+    // children = this.desugar_split(children, 'mute_stack', (children) => {
+    //   const x = desugar_split_children(children)
+    //   // lrec({x})
+    //   return x
+    // })
+
+    lrec({ children })
+
+
+    children = this.desugar_split(children, 'stack', (children) => {
+      return desugar_split_children(children)
+    })
+
+
+    lrec("CHILDREN", children)
     return children;
   }
   parse_list() {
     let node = this.parse_pair('open_list', 'close_list');
     node.children = this.desugar(node.children);
+    lrec("node", node)
     return node;
   }
   parse_angle() {
@@ -325,9 +368,8 @@ export function printAst(ast, compact = false, lvl = 0) {
   const br = compact ? '' : '\n';
   const spaces = compact ? '' : Array(lvl).fill(' ').join('');
   if (ast.type === 'list') {
-    return `${lvl ? br : ''}${spaces}(${ast.children.map((child) => printAst(child, compact, lvl + 1)).join(' ')}${
-      ast.children.find((child) => child.type === 'list') ? `${br}${spaces})` : ')'
-    }`;
+    return `${lvl ? br : ''}${spaces}(${ast.children.map((child) => printAst(child, compact, lvl + 1)).join(' ')}${ast.children.find((child) => child.type === 'list') ? `${br}${spaces})` : ')'
+      }`;
   }
   return `${ast.value}`;
 }

packages/mondough/mondough.mjs

@@ -49,10 +49,11 @@ lib['or'] = (...children) => chooseIn(...children); // always has structure but
 //lib['or'] = (...children) => chooseOut(...children); // "s oh*8.dec[.04 | .5]" is better but "dec[.04 | .5].s oh*8" has no struct
 
 function evaluator(node, scope) {
-  const { type } = node;
-  // node is list
-  if (type === 'list') {
-    const { children } = node;
+  const { type,children } = node;
+  // node is list]
+  if (type === 'list' && children.length) {
+    // const { children } = node;
+   
     const [name, ...args] = children;
     // some functions wont be reified to make sure they work (e.g. see extend below)
     if (typeof name === 'function') {
@@ -65,6 +66,7 @@ function evaluator(node, scope) {
     const first = name.firstCycle(true)[0];
     const type = typeof first?.value;
     if (type !== 'function') {
+      console.error("first", first)
       throw new Error(`[mondough] expected function, got "${first?.value}"`);
     }
     return name
@@ -76,12 +78,16 @@ function evaluator(node, scope) {
       })
       .innerJoin();
   }
+
+  console.info("NODE", node)
   // node is leaf
   let { value } = node;
   if (type === 'plain' && scope[value]) {
     return reify(scope[value]); // -> local scope has no location
   }
   const variable = lib[value] ?? strudelScope[value];
+
+  console.info("VARIABLE", variable)
   // problem: collisions when we want a string that happens to also be a variable name
   // example: "s sine" -> sine is also a variable
   let pat;
@@ -107,6 +113,7 @@ export function mondo(code, offset = 0) {
     code = code.join('');
   }
   const pat = runner.run(code, undefined, offset);
+  console.info("MONDO_PAT", pat)
   return pat.markcss('color: var(--caret,--foreground);text-decoration:underline');
 }
 

packages/mqtt/mqtt.mjs

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ Copyright (C) 2022 Strudel contributors - see <https://codeberg.org/uzu/strudel/
 This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later version. This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU Affero General Public License for more details. You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public License along with this program.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */
 
-import { Pattern, isPattern } from '@strudel/core';
+import { Pattern, isPattern, createParams } from '@strudel/core';
 import Paho from 'paho-mqtt';
 
 const connections = {};
@@ -61,7 +61,6 @@ Pattern.prototype.mqtt = function (
     const props = {
       onSuccess: onConnect,
       onFailure: onFailure,
-      useSSL: true,
     };
 
     if (username) {
@@ -119,3 +118,12 @@ Pattern.prototype.mqtt = function (
     return hap.setContext({ ...hap.context, onTrigger, dominantTrigger: true });
   });
 };
+
+// This adds the 'move' and 'motor' commands to strudel
+export const { move, motor } = createParams('move', 'motor');
+window.move = move;
+window.motor = motor;
+// This adds the 'robot' command
+Pattern.prototype.robot = function (robot_id, address = 'ws://192.168.8.248:9001/mqtt') {
+  return this.mqtt(undefined, undefined, '/move/' + robot_id, address);
+};

packages/osc/osc.mjs

@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ export function parseControlsFromHap(hap, cps) {
     if (isNote(controls.note)) {
       controls.midinote = noteToMidi(controls.note, controls.octave || 3);
     } else {
-      controls.note = parseNumeral(controls.note);
+      controls.midinote = parseNumeral(controls.note);
     }
   }
   controls.bank && (controls.s = controls.bank + controls.s);

packages/xen/xen.mjs

@@ -149,6 +149,7 @@ export const withBase = register('withBase', (b, pat) => {
       let hVal = hap.value;
       const isObject = typeof hVal === 'object';
       let freq = isObject ? hVal.freq : hVal;
+      if (!freq) return hap;
       freq = (freq * base) / originalBase;
       hap.value = isObject ? { ...hap.value, freq } : { freq };
       return hap;

test/__snapshots__/examples.test.mjs.snap

@@ -1242,6 +1242,35 @@ exports[`runs examples > example "bank" example index 0 1`] = `
 ]
 `;
 
+exports[`runs examples > example "base" example index 0 1`] = `
+[
+  "[ 0/1 → 1/6 | note:D3 s:saw ]",
+  "[ 1/6 → 1/3 | note:C4 s:saw ]",
+  "[ 1/3 → 1/2 | note:A3 s:saw ]",
+  "[ 1/2 → 2/3 | note:A3 s:saw ]",
+  "[ 2/3 → 5/6 | note:G3 s:saw ]",
+  "[ 5/6 → 1/1 | note:F3 s:saw ]",
+  "[ 1/1 → 7/6 | note:D3 s:saw ]",
+  "[ 7/6 → 4/3 | note:C4 s:saw ]",
+  "[ 4/3 → 3/2 | note:A3 s:saw ]",
+  "[ 3/2 → 5/3 | note:A3 s:saw ]",
+  "[ 5/3 → 11/6 | note:G3 s:saw ]",
+  "[ 11/6 → 2/1 | note:F3 s:saw ]",
+  "[ 2/1 → 13/6 | note:D3 s:saw ]",
+  "[ 13/6 → 7/3 | note:C4 s:saw ]",
+  "[ 7/3 → 5/2 | note:A3 s:saw ]",
+  "[ 5/2 → 8/3 | note:A3 s:saw ]",
+  "[ 8/3 → 17/6 | note:G3 s:saw ]",
+  "[ 17/6 → 3/1 | note:F3 s:saw ]",
+  "[ 3/1 → 19/6 | note:D3 s:saw ]",
+  "[ 19/6 → 10/3 | note:C4 s:saw ]",
+  "[ 10/3 → 7/2 | note:A3 s:saw ]",
+  "[ 7/2 → 11/3 | note:A3 s:saw ]",
+  "[ 11/3 → 23/6 | note:G3 s:saw ]",
+  "[ 23/6 → 4/1 | note:F3 s:saw ]",
+]
+`;
+
 exports[`runs examples > example "beat" example index 0 1`] = `
 [
   "[ 0/1 → 1/16 | s:bd ]",
@@ -6527,6 +6556,250 @@ exports[`runs examples > example "juxBy" example index 0 1`] = `
 ]
 `;
 
+exports[`runs examples > example "juxFlip" example index 0 1`] = `
+[
+  "[ 0/1 → 1/8 | s:bd pan:0 ]",
+  "[ 0/1 → 1/8 | s:hh pan:1 ]",
+  "[ 1/8 → 1/4 | s:lt pan:0 ]",
+  "[ 1/8 → 1/4 | s:bd pan:1 ]",
+  "[ 5/16 → 3/8 | s:ht pan:0 ]",
+  "[ 3/8 → 1/2 | s:mt pan:0 ]",
+  "[ 3/8 → 1/2 | s:cp pan:1 ]",
+  "[ 1/2 → 5/8 | s:cp pan:0 ]",
+  "[ 1/2 → 5/8 | s:mt pan:1 ]",
+  "[ 5/8 → 11/16 | s:ht pan:1 ]",
+  "[ 3/4 → 7/8 | s:bd pan:0 ]",
+  "[ 3/4 → 7/8 | s:lt pan:1 ]",
+  "[ 7/8 → 1/1 | s:hh pan:0 ]",
+  "[ 7/8 → 1/1 | s:bd pan:1 ]",
+  "[ 1/1 → 9/8 | s:bd pan:1 ]",
+  "[ 1/1 → 9/8 | s:hh pan:0 ]",
+  "[ 9/8 → 5/4 | s:lt pan:1 ]",
+  "[ 9/8 → 5/4 | s:bd pan:0 ]",
+  "[ 21/16 → 11/8 | s:ht pan:1 ]",
+  "[ 11/8 → 3/2 | s:mt pan:1 ]",
+  "[ 11/8 → 3/2 | s:cp pan:0 ]",
+  "[ 3/2 → 13/8 | s:cp pan:1 ]",
+  "[ 3/2 → 13/8 | s:mt pan:0 ]",
+  "[ 13/8 → 27/16 | s:ht pan:0 ]",
+  "[ 7/4 → 15/8 | s:bd pan:1 ]",
+  "[ 7/4 → 15/8 | s:lt pan:0 ]",
+  "[ 15/8 → 2/1 | s:hh pan:1 ]",
+  "[ 15/8 → 2/1 | s:bd pan:0 ]",
+  "[ 2/1 → 17/8 | s:bd pan:0 ]",
+  "[ 2/1 → 17/8 | s:hh pan:1 ]",
+  "[ 17/8 → 9/4 | s:lt pan:0 ]",
+  "[ 17/8 → 9/4 | s:bd pan:1 ]",
+  "[ 37/16 → 19/8 | s:ht pan:0 ]",
+  "[ 19/8 → 5/2 | s:mt pan:0 ]",
+  "[ 19/8 → 5/2 | s:cp pan:1 ]",
+  "[ 5/2 → 21/8 | s:cp pan:0 ]",
+  "[ 5/2 → 21/8 | s:mt pan:1 ]",
+  "[ 21/8 → 43/16 | s:ht pan:1 ]",
+  "[ 11/4 → 23/8 | s:bd pan:0 ]",
+  "[ 11/4 → 23/8 | s:lt pan:1 ]",
+  "[ 23/8 → 3/1 | s:hh pan:0 ]",
+  "[ 23/8 → 3/1 | s:bd pan:1 ]",
+  "[ 3/1 → 25/8 | s:bd pan:1 ]",
+  "[ 3/1 → 25/8 | s:hh pan:0 ]",
+  "[ 25/8 → 13/4 | s:lt pan:1 ]",
+  "[ 25/8 → 13/4 | s:bd pan:0 ]",
+  "[ 53/16 → 27/8 | s:ht pan:1 ]",
+  "[ 27/8 → 7/2 | s:mt pan:1 ]",
+  "[ 27/8 → 7/2 | s:cp pan:0 ]",
+  "[ 7/2 → 29/8 | s:cp pan:1 ]",
+  "[ 7/2 → 29/8 | s:mt pan:0 ]",
+  "[ 29/8 → 59/16 | s:ht pan:0 ]",
+  "[ 15/4 → 31/8 | s:bd pan:1 ]",
+  "[ 15/4 → 31/8 | s:lt pan:0 ]",
+  "[ 31/8 → 4/1 | s:hh pan:1 ]",
+  "[ 31/8 → 4/1 | s:bd pan:0 ]",
+]
+`;
+
+exports[`runs examples > example "juxFlip" example index 1 1`] = `
+[
+  "[ 0/1 → 1/8 | s:bd pan:0 ]",
+  "[ 1/16 → 1/8 | s:bd pan:1 ]",
+  "[ 1/8 → 1/4 | s:lt pan:0 ]",
+  "[ 3/16 → 1/4 | s:lt pan:1 ]",
+  "[ 5/16 → 3/8 | s:ht pan:0 ]",
+  "[ 11/32 → 3/8 | s:ht pan:1 ]",
+  "[ 3/8 → 1/2 | s:mt pan:0 ]",
+  "[ 7/16 → 1/2 | s:mt pan:1 ]",
+  "[ 1/2 → 5/8 | s:cp pan:0 ]",
+  "[ 9/16 → 5/8 | s:cp pan:1 ]",
+  "[ 3/4 → 7/8 | s:bd pan:0 ]",
+  "[ 13/16 → 7/8 | s:bd pan:1 ]",
+  "[ 7/8 → 1/1 | s:hh pan:0 ]",
+  "[ 15/16 → 1/1 | s:hh pan:1 ]",
+  "[ 1/1 → 9/8 | s:bd pan:1 ]",
+  "[ 17/16 → 9/8 | s:bd pan:0 ]",
+  "[ 9/8 → 5/4 | s:lt pan:1 ]",
+  "[ 19/16 → 5/4 | s:lt pan:0 ]",
+  "[ 21/16 → 11/8 | s:ht pan:1 ]",
+  "[ 43/32 → 11/8 | s:ht pan:0 ]",
+  "[ 11/8 → 3/2 | s:mt pan:1 ]",
+  "[ 23/16 → 3/2 | s:mt pan:0 ]",
+  "[ 3/2 → 13/8 | s:cp pan:1 ]",
+  "[ 25/16 → 13/8 | s:cp pan:0 ]",
+  "[ 7/4 → 15/8 | s:bd pan:1 ]",
+  "[ 29/16 → 15/8 | s:bd pan:0 ]",
+  "[ 15/8 → 2/1 | s:hh pan:1 ]",
+  "[ 31/16 → 2/1 | s:hh pan:0 ]",
+  "[ 2/1 → 17/8 | s:bd pan:0 ]",
+  "[ 33/16 → 17/8 | s:bd pan:1 ]",
+  "[ 17/8 → 9/4 | s:lt pan:0 ]",
+  "[ 35/16 → 9/4 | s:lt pan:1 ]",
+  "[ 37/16 → 19/8 | s:ht pan:0 ]",
+  "[ 75/32 → 19/8 | s:ht pan:1 ]",
+  "[ 19/8 → 5/2 | s:mt pan:0 ]",
+  "[ 39/16 → 5/2 | s:mt pan:1 ]",
+  "[ 5/2 → 21/8 | s:cp pan:0 ]",
+  "[ 41/16 → 21/8 | s:cp pan:1 ]",
+  "[ 11/4 → 23/8 | s:bd pan:0 ]",
+  "[ 45/16 → 23/8 | s:bd pan:1 ]",
+  "[ 23/8 → 3/1 | s:hh pan:0 ]",
+  "[ 47/16 → 3/1 | s:hh pan:1 ]",
+  "[ 3/1 → 25/8 | s:bd pan:1 ]",
+  "[ 49/16 → 25/8 | s:bd pan:0 ]",
+  "[ 25/8 → 13/4 | s:lt pan:1 ]",
+  "[ 51/16 → 13/4 | s:lt pan:0 ]",
+  "[ 53/16 → 27/8 | s:ht pan:1 ]",
+  "[ 107/32 → 27/8 | s:ht pan:0 ]",
+  "[ 27/8 → 7/2 | s:mt pan:1 ]",
+  "[ 55/16 → 7/2 | s:mt pan:0 ]",
+  "[ 7/2 → 29/8 | s:cp pan:1 ]",
+  "[ 57/16 → 29/8 | s:cp pan:0 ]",
+  "[ 15/4 → 31/8 | s:bd pan:1 ]",
+  "[ 61/16 → 31/8 | s:bd pan:0 ]",
+  "[ 31/8 → 4/1 | s:hh pan:1 ]",
+  "[ 63/16 → 4/1 | s:hh pan:0 ]",
+]
+`;
+
+exports[`runs examples > example "juxFlip" example index 2 1`] = `
+[
+  "[ 0/1 → 1/8 | s:bd pan:0 ]",
+  "[ 0/1 → 1/8 | s:bd pan:1 ]",
+  "[ 1/8 → 1/4 | s:lt pan:0 ]",
+  "[ 1/8 → 1/4 | s:lt pan:1 ]",
+  "[ 5/16 → 3/8 | s:ht pan:0 ]",
+  "[ 5/16 → 3/8 | s:ht pan:1 ]",
+  "[ 3/8 → 1/2 | s:mt pan:0 ]",
+  "[ 3/8 → 1/2 | s:mt pan:1 ]",
+  "[ 1/2 → 5/8 | s:cp pan:0 ]",
+  "[ 1/2 → 5/8 | s:cp pan:1 ]",
+  "[ 3/4 → 7/8 | s:bd pan:0 ]",
+  "[ 3/4 → 7/8 | s:bd pan:1 ]",
+  "[ 7/8 → 1/1 | s:hh pan:0 ]",
+  "[ 7/8 → 1/1 | s:hh pan:1 ]",
+  "[ 1/1 → 9/8 | s:bd pan:1 ]",
+  "[ 17/16 → 9/8 | s:ht pan:0 ]",
+  "[ 9/8 → 5/4 | s:lt pan:1 ]",
+  "[ 9/8 → 5/4 | s:mt pan:0 ]",
+  "[ 5/4 → 11/8 | s:cp pan:0 ]",
+  "[ 21/16 → 11/8 | s:ht pan:1 ]",
+  "[ 11/8 → 3/2 | s:mt pan:1 ]",
+  "[ 3/2 → 13/8 | s:cp pan:1 ]",
+  "[ 3/2 → 13/8 | s:bd pan:0 ]",
+  "[ 13/8 → 7/4 | s:hh pan:0 ]",
+  "[ 7/4 → 15/8 | s:bd pan:1 ]",
+  "[ 7/4 → 15/8 | s:bd pan:0 ]",
+  "[ 15/8 → 2/1 | s:hh pan:1 ]",
+  "[ 15/8 → 2/1 | s:lt pan:0 ]",
+  "[ 2/1 → 17/8 | s:bd pan:0 ]",
+  "[ 2/1 → 17/8 | s:cp pan:1 ]",
+  "[ 17/8 → 9/4 | s:lt pan:0 ]",
+  "[ 9/4 → 19/8 | s:bd pan:1 ]",
+  "[ 37/16 → 19/8 | s:ht pan:0 ]",
+  "[ 19/8 → 5/2 | s:mt pan:0 ]",
+  "[ 19/8 → 5/2 | s:hh pan:1 ]",
+  "[ 5/2 → 21/8 | s:cp pan:0 ]",
+  "[ 5/2 → 21/8 | s:bd pan:1 ]",
+  "[ 21/8 → 11/4 | s:lt pan:1 ]",
+  "[ 11/4 → 23/8 | s:bd pan:0 ]",
+  "[ 45/16 → 23/8 | s:ht pan:1 ]",
+  "[ 23/8 → 3/1 | s:hh pan:0 ]",
+  "[ 23/8 → 3/1 | s:mt pan:1 ]",
+  "[ 3/1 → 25/8 | s:bd pan:1 ]",
+  "[ 3/1 → 25/8 | s:bd pan:0 ]",
+  "[ 25/8 → 13/4 | s:lt pan:1 ]",
+  "[ 25/8 → 13/4 | s:hh pan:0 ]",
+  "[ 13/4 → 27/8 | s:bd pan:0 ]",
+  "[ 53/16 → 27/8 | s:ht pan:1 ]",
+  "[ 27/8 → 7/2 | s:mt pan:1 ]",
+  "[ 27/8 → 7/2 | s:lt pan:0 ]",
+  "[ 7/2 → 29/8 | s:cp pan:1 ]",
+  "[ 57/16 → 29/8 | s:ht pan:0 ]",
+  "[ 29/8 → 15/4 | s:mt pan:0 ]",
+  "[ 15/4 → 31/8 | s:bd pan:1 ]",
+  "[ 15/4 → 31/8 | s:cp pan:0 ]",
+  "[ 31/8 → 4/1 | s:hh pan:1 ]",
+]
+`;
+
+exports[`runs examples > example "juxFlipBy" example index 0 1`] = `
+[
+  "[ 0/1 → 1/8 | s:bd pan:0.09999999999999998 ]",
+  "[ 0/1 → 1/8 | s:hh pan:0.9 ]",
+  "[ 1/8 → 1/4 | s:lt pan:0.09999999999999998 ]",
+  "[ 1/8 → 1/4 | s:bd pan:0.9 ]",
+  "[ 5/16 → 3/8 | s:ht pan:0.09999999999999998 ]",
+  "[ 3/8 → 1/2 | s:mt pan:0.09999999999999998 ]",
+  "[ 3/8 → 1/2 | s:cp pan:0.9 ]",
+  "[ 1/2 → 5/8 | s:cp pan:0.09999999999999998 ]",
+  "[ 1/2 → 5/8 | s:mt pan:0.9 ]",
+  "[ 5/8 → 11/16 | s:ht pan:0.9 ]",
+  "[ 3/4 → 7/8 | s:bd pan:0.09999999999999998 ]",
+  "[ 3/4 → 7/8 | s:lt pan:0.9 ]",
+  "[ 7/8 → 1/1 | s:hh pan:0.09999999999999998 ]",
+  "[ 7/8 → 1/1 | s:bd pan:0.9 ]",
+  "[ 1/1 → 9/8 | s:bd pan:0.9 ]",
+  "[ 1/1 → 9/8 | s:hh pan:0.09999999999999998 ]",
+  "[ 9/8 → 5/4 | s:lt pan:0.9 ]",
+  "[ 9/8 → 5/4 | s:bd pan:0.09999999999999998 ]",
+  "[ 21/16 → 11/8 | s:ht pan:0.9 ]",
+  "[ 11/8 → 3/2 | s:mt pan:0.9 ]",
+  "[ 11/8 → 3/2 | s:cp pan:0.09999999999999998 ]",
+  "[ 3/2 → 13/8 | s:cp pan:0.9 ]",
+  "[ 3/2 → 13/8 | s:mt pan:0.09999999999999998 ]",
+  "[ 13/8 → 27/16 | s:ht pan:0.09999999999999998 ]",
+  "[ 7/4 → 15/8 | s:bd pan:0.9 ]",
+  "[ 7/4 → 15/8 | s:lt pan:0.09999999999999998 ]",
+  "[ 15/8 → 2/1 | s:hh pan:0.9 ]",
+  "[ 15/8 → 2/1 | s:bd pan:0.09999999999999998 ]",
+  "[ 2/1 → 17/8 | s:bd pan:0.09999999999999998 ]",
+  "[ 2/1 → 17/8 | s:hh pan:0.9 ]",
+  "[ 17/8 → 9/4 | s:lt pan:0.09999999999999998 ]",
+  "[ 17/8 → 9/4 | s:bd pan:0.9 ]",
+  "[ 37/16 → 19/8 | s:ht pan:0.09999999999999998 ]",
+  "[ 19/8 → 5/2 | s:mt pan:0.09999999999999998 ]",
+  "[ 19/8 → 5/2 | s:cp pan:0.9 ]",
+  "[ 5/2 → 21/8 | s:cp pan:0.09999999999999998 ]",
+  "[ 5/2 → 21/8 | s:mt pan:0.9 ]",
+  "[ 21/8 → 43/16 | s:ht pan:0.9 ]",
+  "[ 11/4 → 23/8 | s:bd pan:0.09999999999999998 ]",
+  "[ 11/4 → 23/8 | s:lt pan:0.9 ]",
+  "[ 23/8 → 3/1 | s:hh pan:0.09999999999999998 ]",
+  "[ 23/8 → 3/1 | s:bd pan:0.9 ]",
+  "[ 3/1 → 25/8 | s:bd pan:0.9 ]",
+  "[ 3/1 → 25/8 | s:hh pan:0.09999999999999998 ]",
+  "[ 25/8 → 13/4 | s:lt pan:0.9 ]",
+  "[ 25/8 → 13/4 | s:bd pan:0.09999999999999998 ]",
+  "[ 53/16 → 27/8 | s:ht pan:0.9 ]",
+  "[ 27/8 → 7/2 | s:mt pan:0.9 ]",
+  "[ 27/8 → 7/2 | s:cp pan:0.09999999999999998 ]",
+  "[ 7/2 → 29/8 | s:cp pan:0.9 ]",
+  "[ 7/2 → 29/8 | s:mt pan:0.09999999999999998 ]",
+  "[ 29/8 → 59/16 | s:ht pan:0.09999999999999998 ]",
+  "[ 15/4 → 31/8 | s:bd pan:0.9 ]",
+  "[ 15/4 → 31/8 | s:lt pan:0.09999999999999998 ]",
+  "[ 31/8 → 4/1 | s:hh pan:0.9 ]",
+  "[ 31/8 → 4/1 | s:bd pan:0.09999999999999998 ]",
+]
+`;
+
 exports[`runs examples > example "keep" example index 0 1`] = `
 [
   "[ 0/1 → 1/4 | note:c s:piano ]",
@@ -7683,6 +7956,8 @@ exports[`runs examples > example "midikeys" example index 0 1`] = `[]`;
 
 exports[`runs examples > example "midikeys" example index 1 1`] = `[]`;
 
+exports[`runs examples > example "midikeys" example index 2 1`] = `[]`;
+
 exports[`runs examples > example "midin" example index 0 1`] = `
 [
   "[ 0/1 → 1/4 | note:c cutoff:0 resonance:0 s:sawtooth ]",
@@ -12404,18 +12679,10 @@ exports[`runs examples > example "stepcat" example index 1 1`] = `
 
 exports[`runs examples > example "stretch" example index 0 1`] = `
 [
-  "[ (0/1 → 1/3) ⇝ 1/1 | s:gm_flute stretch:1 ]",
-  "[ 0/1 ⇜ (1/3 → 2/3) ⇝ 1/1 | s:gm_flute stretch:2 ]",
-  "[ 0/1 ⇜ (2/3 → 1/1) | s:gm_flute stretch:0.5 ]",
-  "[ (1/1 → 4/3) ⇝ 2/1 | s:gm_flute stretch:1 ]",
-  "[ 1/1 ⇜ (4/3 → 5/3) ⇝ 2/1 | s:gm_flute stretch:2 ]",
-  "[ 1/1 ⇜ (5/3 → 2/1) | s:gm_flute stretch:0.5 ]",
-  "[ (2/1 → 7/3) ⇝ 3/1 | s:gm_flute stretch:1 ]",
-  "[ 2/1 ⇜ (7/3 → 8/3) ⇝ 3/1 | s:gm_flute stretch:2 ]",
-  "[ 2/1 ⇜ (8/3 → 3/1) | s:gm_flute stretch:0.5 ]",
-  "[ (3/1 → 10/3) ⇝ 4/1 | s:gm_flute stretch:1 ]",
-  "[ 3/1 ⇜ (10/3 → 11/3) ⇝ 4/1 | s:gm_flute stretch:2 ]",
-  "[ 3/1 ⇜ (11/3 → 4/1) | s:gm_flute stretch:0.5 ]",
+  "[ 0/1 → 1/1 | s:gm_flute stretch:2 ]",
+  "[ 1/1 → 2/1 | s:gm_flute stretch:1 ]",
+  "[ 2/1 → 3/1 | s:gm_flute stretch:0 ]",
+  "[ 3/1 → 4/1 | s:gm_flute stretch:-2 ]",
 ]
 `;
 

website/astro.config.mjs

@@ -78,6 +78,7 @@ export default defineConfig({
             urlPattern: ({ url }) =>
               [
                 /^https:\/\/raw\.githubusercontent\.com\/.*/i,
+                /^https:\/\/strudel\.b-cdn\.net\/.*/i,
                 /^https:\/\/freesound\.org\/.*/i,
                 /^https:\/\/cdn\.freesound\.org\/.*/i,
                 /^https:\/\/shabda\.ndre\.gr\/.*/i,

website/src/config.ts

@@ -98,6 +98,7 @@ export const SIDEBAR: Sidebar = {
       { text: 'Random Modifiers', link: 'learn/random-modifiers' },
       { text: 'Conditional Modifiers', link: 'learn/conditional-modifiers' },
       { text: 'Accumulation', link: 'learn/accumulation' },
+      { text: 'LFOs', link: 'learn/lfo' },
       { text: 'Tonal Functions', link: 'learn/tonal' },
       { text: 'Stepwise Functions', link: 'learn/stepwise' },
     ],

website/src/pages/learn/lfo.mdx

@@ -0,0 +1,301 @@
+---
+title: Low-frequency oscillators (LFO)
+layout: ../../layouts/MainLayout.astro
+---
+
+import { MiniRepl } from '../../docs/MiniRepl';
+import { JsDoc } from '../../docs/JsDoc';
+
+# Low frequency oscillators (LFO)
+
+A low frequency oscillator (or short LFO) is a common way on synthesizers to continuously modulate various signals.
+
+This documentation is an interactive version of glossing's tutorial https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=11frBA9L638
+
+## Signals vs LFOs
+
+In Strudel, there are two ways to modulate:
+
+1. [signals](/learn/signals/) for pattern-level modulation
+2. `lfo` (this page) for audio-level modulation
+
+## Applying an LFO
+
+Here, the LFO will change the frequency of the `saw`. Put a comment like this `//.lfo()` to see and hear how it changes, and remove the comment again.
+
+<MiniRepl
+  client:idle
+  tune={`
+s("saw").lfo() 
+  .lpf(800)
+  ._spectrum({height: 300, width: 800})`}
+/>
+
+By default, the LFO will modulate the control parameter which is right before `.lfo()`:
+
+<MiniRepl
+  client:idle
+  tune={`
+s("saw")
+  .lpf(800).lfo() 
+  ._spectrum({height: 300, width: 800})`}
+/>
+
+Here, the LFO will modulate the low pass filter `.lpf`.
+
+## Moving away from the default
+
+The following sections explain how pass parameters to `.lfo`. Similar to `._spectrum` above, almost all the configuration of `lfo` lives inside a json object, starting with `{` and ending with `}`.
+All the parameters (except `id`) are written as `key: value` inside and separated by `,`.
+
+The reference refers to them as `config.key`, i.e. for the following one as `config.control` but you use them like below.
+
+## Control
+
+`control` determines which parameter will be modulated. This allows you to place your `lfo` at different places,
+not necessarily immediately after the controlled parameter.
+
+Here, we place `lfo` after the `s`, but it modulates the low pass filter.
+
+<MiniRepl
+  client:idle
+  tune={`
+s("saw")
+  .lfo({control:'lpf'})
+  .lpf(800)
+  ._spectrum({height: 300, width: 800})`}
+/>
+You can even influence parameters which are always present, even if you haven't explicitly written them, like `gain`.
+
+<MiniRepl
+  client:idle
+  tune={`
+s("saw")
+  .lfo({control:'gain'})
+  .lpf(800)
+  ._spectrum({height: 300, width: 800})`}
+/>
+
+`control` has an alias `c`.
+
+## Rate
+
+`rate` determines how often the `lfo` oscillates per second:
+
+<MiniRepl
+  client:idle
+  tune={`
+ s("saw")
+  .lfo({c:'gain', rate:"<2 4>"})
+  .lpf(800)
+  ._spectrum({height: 300, width: 800})`}
+/>
+The alias of `rate` is `r`.{' '}
+
+## Sync
+
+Instead of controlling the frequency with `rate` by setting a frequency in Hz, you can use `sync`
+to snychronize your lfo with your other patterns.
+
+`sync` expresses this frequency as "times per cycle"
+
+Try removing the `sync: "<2 4 8 0.5 >"` from the pattern and notice that there is something not in sync.
+
+<MiniRepl
+  client:idle
+  tune={`
+$: s("bd*4").bank("TR909").postgain(0.5)
+$: s("saw")
+  .lpf(800)
+  .lfo({sync: "<2 4 8 0.5 >"})
+  ._spectrum({height: 300, width: 800})`}
+/>
+
+You can put patterns into the parameters of `lfo` if you want them to change over time, as seen above.
+
+## Relative Depth
+
+`.depth` is relative depth, a value of 1 (the default) means that
+the value goes above and below by half of the value which is being modulated
+
+E.g. for depth `1`, it modulates the frequency to oscillate between 32 = (64/2) and 96 (= 64 + 64/2).
+
+<MiniRepl
+  client:idle
+  tune={`
+s("saw").freq(64)
+  .lfo({r: 2, depth: "<1 2 3>"})
+  .lpf(800)
+  ._spectrum({height: 300, width: 800})`}
+/>
+The `freq` is not needed here, as this is the default frequency, it's just for instructive purposes.
+
+The aliases of `depth` are `dr` and `dep`.
+
+## Absolute Depth
+
+`depthabs` controls the absolute modulation depth. For example you can modulate
+the low pass filter by exactly 250 Hz up and below:
+
+<MiniRepl
+  client:idle
+  tune={`
+s("saw")
+  .lpf(800)
+  .lfo({r: 2, depthabs: "250"})`}
+/>
+
+The alias of `depthabs` is `da`.
+
+## DC offset
+
+If you don't want to go up or down by the same amount with your modulation, then you can shift the center of the modulation with `dcoffset`.
+The default value is -0.5, which is the middle point between:
+"dcoffset = 0: All modulations increase the control parameter (or keep it constant)"
+"dcoffset = -1: All modulations decrease the control parameter (or keep it constant)"
+
+Other values will work as well.
+
+<MiniRepl
+  client:idle
+  tune={`
+s("saw")
+  .lpf(600)
+  .lfo({r: 2, da: "200", dcoffset: "<-0.5 -1 -0.5 0>"})`}
+/>
+The marvellous alias of `dcoffset` is `dc`.
+
+## Shape
+
+You can change the shape of the modulation with `shape`. The default is `triangle`, but other shapes are available too:
+
+<MiniRepl
+  client:idle
+  tune={`
+s("saw")
+  .lpf(800)
+  .lfo({r: 2, shape: "<triangle sine ramp saw square>"}) `}
+/>
+You can add `._spectrum()` to see the shape of the modulations in the spectrum.
+
+You can also get these shapes by using numbers:
+
+| Shape    | number |
+| -------- | ------ |
+| triangle | 0      |
+| sine     | 1      |
+| ramp     | 2      |
+| saw      | 3      |
+| square   | 4      |
+
+this way, you can use a function like `irand` to generate numbers:
+
+<MiniRepl
+  client:idle
+  tune={`
+s("saw")
+  .lpf(800)
+  .lfo({r: 2, shape: irand(4)}) `}
+/>
+
+The alias of `shape` is `sh`.
+
+## Skewing some shapes
+
+You can influence some of the shapes (`triangle` and `square`) in more detail.
+
+The default skew is 0.5, it does different things for these two.
+
+For `triangle`, it skews the top of the triangle to the left or right,
+where 0 makes it look like `saw` and 1 makes it look like `ramp`.
+
+For `square`, the skew influences the pulse width (see reference for `pulse` and `.pw`):
+
+<MiniRepl
+  client:idle
+  tune={`
+s("saw")
+  .lpf(800)
+  .lfo({r: 2, sh: "<triangle square>/5", 
+    skew: "<0 0.25 0.5 0.75 1>"}) `}
+/>
+The alias of `skew` is `sk`.{' '}
+
+## Curve
+
+You can change the curves of your lfo and can make it more intense.
+The default value is 1. Writing numbers greater than one can make it more intense,
+numbers between 0 and 1 will make it less intense.
+This will raise the lfo to the power of curve, so larger numbers (such as 10) can have very unexpected results.
+
+<MiniRepl
+  client:idle
+  tune={`
+s("saw")
+  .lpf(800)
+  .lfo({r: 2, sh: "<triangle>", curve: "<1.3 1 0.75 1>"}) `}
+/>
+## Referencing your lfos with id
+
+All the lfos are numbered from the first starting with 0, the second having an `id` of 1 and so on.
+
+You can refer to this in a later call if you want to modify a specific `lfo`.
+
+The `id` is outside of the config json (which is different from the other parameters of `lfo()`
+
+Try out how the sound changes when you replace the 0 with a 1.
+
+<MiniRepl
+  client:idle
+  tune={`
+s("saw").lfo().lpf(800)
+.lfo({s: "<4 8 0.5>"})
+.sometimes(x => x.lfo({dr: "4"},0))`}
+/>
+
+You can also name your lfos and refer to them by name, using the `id` parameter
+
+<MiniRepl
+  client:idle
+  tune={`
+s("saw").lfo({}, "lfo_freq_saw").lpf(800)
+.lfo({s: "<4 8 0.5>"}, "lfo_lpf")
+.sometimes(x => x.lfo({dr: "4"},"<lfo_lpf lfo_freq_saw>"))`}
+/>
+
+## FX index
+
+If you are using `FX()` to reorder your effects, you dont need to write your lfos inside the `FX`,
+but instead can refer to them by their FX index (starting with 0)
+
+<MiniRepl
+  client:idle
+  tune={`
+s("saw").FX(
+  distort(3),
+  gain(0.3), // this has the fx index 1
+  lpf(400)
+).lfo({s: 16, dr:2, c:"gain", fxi: 1})`}
+/>
+
+## Modulating other LFOs with Sub-control
+
+LFOs can modulate other lfos and will modulate their frequency (given by `r` or `s`):
+
+<MiniRepl
+  client:idle
+  tune={`
+s("saw").lpf(400).gain(0.8)
+  .lfo({s: 16, dr:2, c:"gain"})
+  .lfo({s: 0.3, dc:-1, dr: 0.8})`}
+/>
+To modulate other parameters of the first lfo (like `skew`, `depth` and so on), we can specify this with `subControl`or
+its alias `sc`
+
+<MiniRepl
+  client:idle
+  tune={`
+s("saw").lpf(400).gain(0.8)
+  .lfo({s: 4, dr:2, c:"gain"})
+.lfo({s: 0.3, sc: "skew"})`}
+/>

website/src/pages/workshop/motors.mdx

@@ -0,0 +1,117 @@
+---
+title: Movement with Strudel
+layout: ../../layouts/MainLayout.astro
+---
+
+import { MiniRepl } from '@src/docs/MiniRepl';
+import Box from '@components/Box.astro';
+import QA from '@components/QA';
+
+# Controlling motors with Strudel
+
+Strudel is mainly made for making music, but it's possible to pattern other things with it, including motors.
+
+We're going to use a microcontroller for this, called an "[Inventor 2040W](https://shop.pimoroni.com/products/inventor-2040-w)", which is
+a [Pico W](https://shop.pimoroni.com/products/inventor-2040-w?variant=40053063155795) with extra ports added including some for controlling motors.
+
+![image](https://shop.pimoroni.com/cdn/shop/products/Inventor2040_1of3_1500x1500_crop_center.jpg?v=1656927927)
+
+## Technical details
+
+Feel free to gloss over these!
+
+- The Inventor 2040W connects to the internet wirelessly, and it can power from a battery or USB. Hopefully the batteries last!
+- It's running [some code](https://github.com/patternclub/alpacalab/blob/main/course/main.py) that listens for messages using an "Internet of Things" network protocol (called MQTT). When it receives a message, it moves a motor.
+- It connects to a small server (running software called 'mosquitto') on Alex's laptop.
+- Strudel can send these messages instead of triggering sounds - that's how we use it to pattern movement.
+
+## First movement
+
+Let's get a motor running!
+
+1. Note the letter drawn on a label on the back of the microcontroller.
+
+2. Plug a battery into your microcontroller.
+
+3. Plug a motor into 'servo' (not motor) plug numbered 1, with the yellow (lightest) cable closest to the '1', and the brown (darkest) cable outward
+
+4. Run the below to set up some values, changing the `x` in 'robot('x')` to the letter on your microcontroller.
+
+<MiniRepl
+  client:visible
+  tune={`
+   $: move("-60 80").motor("0").robot('x');
+  `}
+/>
+
+<Box>
+
+If you refresh the page, you'll need to change the letter to match your robot again.
+
+If your motor starts moving unexpectedly, someone else might have put your letter in by mistake!
+
+Note that in the above, we start counting motors from '0', so motor 1 on the board is motor 0 in the code.
+
+</Box>
+
+## Patterning movement
+
+Many strudel features for playing with sound patterns will work when
+playing with motor patterns. Try playing with the mininotation in the
+`move` command:
+
+<MiniRepl
+  client:visible
+  tune={`
+$: move("-10 0 10 [20 30]*2").motor("0").slow(2).robot('x')
+  `}
+/>
+
+The move instructions are in the range from -90 to 90.
+
+<box>
+  If your motors stop working at some point, and your code looks right, try pressing the 'reset' button on the
+  microcontroller.
+</box>
+
+It's possible to make smooth movements based on different 'waveforms', for example a smooth sinewave:
+
+<MiniRepl
+  client:visible
+  tune={`
+$: move(sine.range(-30, 30).segment(16)).motor("0").slow(2).robot('x');
+  `}
+/>
+
+The movement is still quite jerky, because the 'segment' command is
+only taking 16 positions from the sinewave. Try increasing it to 32 or 64. It's best not too much higher than that, as the microcontroller
+might get overwhelmed with a backlog of instructions!
+
+<box>
+  Try replacing `sine` with other waveforms: `saw` (sawtooth wave), `tri` (triangular wave) are good, and there is also
+  `rand` (random wave) and `perlin` (a kind of smoothed-out randomness).
+</box>
+
+## Patterning more than one motor
+
+You can pattern the `motor` command separately from the `move` one:
+
+<MiniRepl
+  client:visible
+  tune={`
+$: move("-10 0 10 [20 30]*2").motor("0 1").slow(2).robot('x');
+  `}
+/>
+
+Alternatively, you can pattern two motors in separate patterns. The below sends the same pattern for the first two motors, but with the second one running slower:
+
+<MiniRepl
+  client:visible
+  tune={`
+
+$: move("-10 0 10 [20 30]\*2").motor("0").slow(2).robot('x');
+
+$: move("-10 0 10 [20 30]\*2").motor("1").slow(3).robot('x');
+
+`}
+/>