try renaming to per / perx / cyclesPer

Reviewed-on: https://codeberg.org/uzu/strudel/pulls/1831

.forgejo/workflows/deploy-warm-beta.yml

@@ -1,6 +1,9 @@
 name: Build and Deploy to beta (warm.strudel.cc)
 
-on: [workflow_dispatch]
+on:
+  push:
+    branches:
+      - main
 
 # Allow one concurrent deployment
 concurrency:

CONTRIBUTING.md

@@ -4,20 +4,13 @@ Thanks for wanting to contribute!!! There are many ways you can add value to thi
 
 ## Move to codeberg
 
-We are currently in the process of moving from github to codeberg -- not everything is working, please bear with us.
-
-To update your local clone, you can run this command:
-
-```
-git remote set-url origin git@codeberg.org:uzu/strudel.git
-```
-
+Along with many other live coding projects, we have moved from Microsoft's Github platform to Codeberg for ethical reasons. Please don't fork the project back to github.
 
 ## Communication Channels
 
-To get in touch with the contributors, either
+To get in touch with the community, either
 
-- [join the Tidal Discord Channel](https://discord.com/invite/HGEdXmRkzT) and go to the #strudel channel
+- [join the Uzulang Discord Server](https://discord.com/invite/HGEdXmRkzT) and go to the strudel channels (Uzulangs are a family of live coding languages inspired by each other, including TidalCycles as well as Strudel)
 - Find related discussions on the [tidal club forum](https://club.tidalcycles.org/)
 
 ## Ask a Question
@@ -36,22 +29,35 @@ Use one of the Communication Channels listed above and drop us a line or two!
 ## Share Music
 
 If you made some music with strudel, you can give back some love and share what you've done!
-Your creation could also be part of the random selection in the REPL if you want.
 Use one of the Communication Channels listed above.
+(There used to be a random selection of contributed patterns in the REPL, but that is unfortunately disabled for now due to abuse)
 
 ## Improve the Docs
 
-If you find some weak spots in the [docs](https://strudel.cc/workshop/getting-started/),
-you can edit each file directly on codeburg. (we are currently fixing the "Edit this page" links in the right sidebar)
+If you find some weak spots in the [docs](https://strudel.cc/workshop/getting-started/), you can edit each file directly on codeberg. There are "Edit this page" links in the right sidebar that take you to the right place.
 
 ## Propose a Feature
 
-If you want a specific feature that is not part of strudel yet, feel free to use one of the communication channels above.
-Maybe you even want to help with the implementation of that feature!
+If you want a specific feature that is not part of strudel yet, feel free to use one of the communication channels above. Please bear in mind that this is a free/open source project, oriented around collaborative discussion. Maybe you even want to help with the implementation of that feature!
+
+## Contribute a feature
+
+Pull requests welcome! Consider starting with discussion or proof-of-concept first, rather than do loads of work on something and then find it doesn't fit the collective goals of the project, or something like that.
+
+At the time of writing we have a PR backlog, and generally prioritise bugfixes and contributions that have arisen through community discussion.
+
+### AI/LLM policy
+
+Strudel is a project handmade by humans, with thought and nuance. 
+
+If you have used LLMs (so called 'AI'), please detail that in the pull request. We are still developing our response to the onslaught of LLM technology, but for practical and legal reasons are currently not accepting wholly LLM-generated code. We are also not accepting PRs that add LLM features to strudel itself.
+
+There are #llm-chat and #llm-share channels on our discord. Please do not discuss or share LLM-related things outside of those channels.
 
 ## Report a Bug
 
 If you've found a bug, or some behaviour that does not seem right, you are welcome to file an [issue](https://codeberg.org/uzu/strudel/issues).
+
 Please check that it has not been reported before.
 
 ## Fix a Bug
@@ -118,8 +124,7 @@ There are also eslint extensions / plugins for most editors.
 
 ## Running all CI Checks
 
-When opening a PR, the CI runner will automatically check the code style and eslint, as well as run all tests.
-You can run the same check with `pnpm check`
+When opening a PR, the CI runner will (once approved by a human) check the code style and eslint, as well as run all tests. You can run the same check with `pnpm check`.
 
 ## Package Workflow
 

packages/core/controls.mjs

@@ -72,6 +72,27 @@ export function registerControl(names, ...aliases) {
   return bag;
 }
 
+export function registerMultiControl(names, maxControls, ...aliases) {
+  names = Array.isArray(names) ? names : [names];
+  let bag = {};
+  for (let i = 1; i <= maxControls; i++) {
+    let theseAliases = [...aliases];
+    let theseNames = [...names];
+    if (i === 1) {
+      // adds e.g. fm1 as an alias for fm
+      const aliases1 = theseAliases.map((a) => `${a}1`);
+      const names1 = theseNames.map((n) => `${n}1`);
+      theseAliases = theseAliases.concat(aliases1).concat(names1);
+    } else {
+      theseAliases = theseAliases.map((a) => `${a}${i}`);
+      theseNames = theseNames.map((n) => `${n}${i}`);
+    }
+    const subBag = registerControl(theseNames, ...theseAliases);
+    bag = { ...bag, ...subBag };
+  }
+  return bag;
+}
+
 /**
  * Select a sound / sample by name. When using mininotation, you can also optionally supply 'n' and 'gain' parameters
  * separated by ':'.
@@ -380,12 +401,13 @@ export const { accelerate } = registerControl('accelerate');
  * Sets the velocity from 0 to 1. Is multiplied together with gain.
  *
  * @name velocity
+ * @synonyms vel
  * @example
  * s("hh*8")
  * .gain(".4!2 1 .4!2 1 .4 1")
  * .velocity(".4 1")
  */
-export const { velocity } = registerControl('velocity');
+export const { velocity, vel } = registerControl('velocity', 'vel');
 /**
  * Controls the gain by an exponential amount.
  *
@@ -435,6 +457,9 @@ export const { attack, att } = registerControl('attack', 'att');
  * Whole numbers and simple ratios sound more natural,
  * while decimal numbers and complex ratios sound metallic.
  *
+ * A number may be added afterwards to control the harmonicity of
+ * any of the 8 individual FMs (e.g. `fmh2`)
+ *
  * @name fmh
  * @param {number | Pattern} harmonicity
  * @example
@@ -444,25 +469,40 @@ export const { attack, att } = registerControl('attack', 'att');
  * ._scope()
  *
  */
-export const { fmh } = registerControl(['fmh', 'fmi'], 'fmh');
+export const { fmh, fmh1, fmh2, fmh3, fmh4, fmh5, fmh6, fmh7, fmh8 } = registerMultiControl(['fmh', 'fmi'], 8, 'fmh');
+
 /**
  * Sets the Frequency Modulation of the synth.
  * Controls the modulation index, which defines the brightness of the sound.
  *
- * @name fm
+ * A number may be added afterwards to control the modulation index of
+ * any of the 8 individual FMs (e.g. `fm3`). Also, FMs may be routed into
+ * each other with matrix commands like `fm13`, which would send `fm1` back into
+ * `fm3`
+ *
+ * @name fmi
  * @param {number | Pattern} brightness modulation index
- * @synonyms fmi
+ * @synonyms fm
  * @example
  * note("c e g b g e")
  * .fm("<0 1 2 8 32>")
  * ._scope()
+ * @example
+ * s("sine").note("F1").seg(8)
+ *  .fm(4).fm2(rand.mul(4)).fm3(saw.mul(8).slow(8))
+ *  .fmh(1.06).fmh2(10).fmh3(0.1)
  *
  */
-export const { fmi, fm } = registerControl(['fmi', 'fmh'], 'fm');
+export const { fmi, fmi1, fmi2, fmi3, fmi4, fmi5, fmi6, fmi7, fmi8, fm, fm1, fm2, fm3, fm4, fm5, fm6, fm7, fm8 } =
+  registerMultiControl(['fmi', 'fmh'], 8, 'fm');
+
 // fm envelope
 /**
  * Ramp type of fm envelope. Exp might be a bit broken..
  *
+ * A number may be added afterwards to control the envelope of
+ * any of the 8 individual FMs (e.g. `fmenv4`)
+ *
  * @name fmenv
  * @param {number | Pattern} type lin | exp
  * @example
@@ -474,11 +514,19 @@ export const { fmi, fm } = registerControl(['fmi', 'fmh'], 'fm');
  * ._scope()
  *
  */
-export const { fmenv } = registerControl('fmenv');
+export const { fmenv, fmenv1, fmenv2, fmenv3, fmenv4, fmenv5, fmenv6, fmenv7, fmenv8 } = registerMultiControl(
+  'fmenv',
+  8,
+);
+
 /**
  * Attack time for the FM envelope: time it takes to reach maximum modulation
  *
+ * A number may be added afterwards to control the attack of the envelope of
+ * any of the 8 individual FMs (e.g. `fmatt5`)
+ *
  * @name fmattack
+ * @synonyms fmatt
  * @param {number | Pattern} time attack time
  * @example
  * note("c e g b g e")
@@ -487,11 +535,33 @@ export const { fmenv } = registerControl('fmenv');
  * ._scope()
  *
  */
-export const { fmattack } = registerControl('fmattack');
+export const {
+  fmattack,
+  fmattack1,
+  fmattack2,
+  fmattack3,
+  fmattack4,
+  fmattack5,
+  fmattack6,
+  fmattack7,
+  fmattack8,
+  fmatt,
+  fmatt1,
+  fmatt2,
+  fmatt3,
+  fmatt4,
+  fmatt5,
+  fmatt6,
+  fmatt7,
+  fmatt8,
+} = registerMultiControl('fmattack', 8, 'fmatt');
 
 /**
  * Waveform of the fm modulator
  *
+ * A number may be added afterwards to control the waveform
+ * any of the 8 individual FMs (e.g. `fmwave6`)
+ *
  * @name fmwave
  * @param {number | Pattern} wave waveform
  * @example
@@ -500,12 +570,19 @@ export const { fmattack } = registerControl('fmattack');
  * n("0 1 2 3".fast(4)).chord("<Dm Am F G>").voicing().s("sawtooth").fmwave("brown").fm(.6)
  *
  */
-export const { fmwave } = registerControl('fmwave');
+export const { fmwave, fmwave1, fmwave2, fmwave3, fmwave4, fmwave5, fmwave6, fmwave7, fmwave8 } = registerMultiControl(
+  'fmwave',
+  8,
+);
 
 /**
  * Decay time for the FM envelope: seconds until the sustain level is reached after the attack phase.
  *
+ * A number may be added afterwards to control the decay of the envelope of
+ * any of the 8 individual FMs (e.g. `fmdec6`)
+ *
  * @name fmdecay
+ * @synonyms fmdec
  * @param {number | Pattern} time decay time
  * @example
  * note("c e g b g e")
@@ -515,11 +592,35 @@ export const { fmwave } = registerControl('fmwave');
  * ._scope()
  *
  */
-export const { fmdecay } = registerControl('fmdecay');
+export const {
+  fmdecay,
+  fmdecay1,
+  fmdecay2,
+  fmdecay3,
+  fmdecay4,
+  fmdecay5,
+  fmdecay6,
+  fmdecay7,
+  fmdecay8,
+  fmdec,
+  fmdec1,
+  fmdec2,
+  fmdec3,
+  fmdec4,
+  fmdec5,
+  fmdec6,
+  fmdec7,
+  fmdec8,
+} = registerMultiControl('fmdecay', 8, 'fmdec');
+
 /**
  * Sustain level for the FM envelope: how much modulation is applied after the decay phase
  *
+ * A number may be added afterwards to control the sustain of the envelope of
+ * any of the 8 individual FMs (e.g. `fmsus7`)
+ *
  * @name fmsustain
+ * @synonyms fmsus
  * @param {number | Pattern} level sustain level
  * @example
  * note("c e g b g e")
@@ -529,10 +630,69 @@ export const { fmdecay } = registerControl('fmdecay');
  * ._scope()
  *
  */
-export const { fmsustain } = registerControl('fmsustain');
-// these are not really useful... skipping for now
-export const { fmrelease } = registerControl('fmrelease');
-export const { fmvelocity } = registerControl('fmvelocity');
+export const {
+  fmsustain,
+  fmsustain1,
+  fmsustain2,
+  fmsustain3,
+  fmsustain4,
+  fmsustain5,
+  fmsustain6,
+  fmsustain7,
+  fmsustain8,
+  fmsus,
+  fmsus1,
+  fmsus2,
+  fmsus3,
+  fmsus4,
+  fmsus5,
+  fmsus6,
+  fmsus7,
+  fmsus8,
+} = registerMultiControl('fmsustain', 8, 'fmsus');
+
+/**
+ * Release time for the FM envelope: how much modulation is applied after the note is released
+ *
+ * A number may be added afterwards to control the release of the envelope of
+ * any of the 8 individual FMs (e.g. `fmrel8`)
+ *
+ * @name fmrelease
+ * @synonyms fmrel
+ * @param {number | Pattern} time release time
+ *
+ */
+export const {
+  fmrelease,
+  fmrelease1,
+  fmrelease2,
+  fmrelease3,
+  fmrelease4,
+  fmrelease5,
+  fmrelease6,
+  fmrelease7,
+  fmrelease8,
+  fmrel,
+  fmrel1,
+  fmrel2,
+  fmrel3,
+  fmrel4,
+  fmrel5,
+  fmrel6,
+  fmrel7,
+  fmrel8,
+} = registerMultiControl('fmrelease', 8, 'fmrel');
+
+// FM Matrix
+// Note: we do not declare top-level exports here since it would add
+// ~162 more explicit exports. This is likely fine as the most common use-case would be to at least
+// declare one other FM prior to utilizing the matrix functionality, but if we ever decide we need it,
+// TODO to add it explicitly / go with the globalThis approach
+for (let i = 0; i <= 8; i++) {
+  for (let j = 0; j <= 8; j++) {
+    registerControl(`fmi${i}${j}`, `fm${i}${j}`);
+  }
+}
 
 /**
  * Select the sound bank to use. To be used together with `s`. The bank name (+ "_") will be prepended to the value of `s`.
@@ -1323,14 +1483,13 @@ export const { lpdepth } = registerControl('lpdepth');
  * Depth of the LFO for the lowpass filter, in HZ
  *
  * @name lpdepthfrequency
- * @synonyms
- * lpdethfreq
+ * @synonyms lpdepthfreq
  * @param {number | Pattern} depth depth of modulation
  * @example
  * note("<c c c# c c c4>*16").s("sawtooth").lpf(600).lpdepthfrequency("<200 500 100 0>")
  */
 
-export const { lpdepthfrequency } = registerControl('lpdepthfrequency', 'lpdepthfreq');
+export const { lpdepthfrequency, lpdepthfreq } = registerControl('lpdepthfrequency', 'lpdepthfreq');
 
 /**
  * Shape of the LFO for the lowpass filter
@@ -1384,14 +1543,13 @@ export const { bpdepth } = registerControl('bpdepth');
  * Depth of the LFO for the bandpass filter, in HZ
  *
  * @name bpdepthfrequency
- * @synonyms
- * bpdethfreq
+ * @synonyms bpdepthfreq
  * @param {number | Pattern} depth depth of modulation
  * @example
  * note("<c c c# c c c4>*16").s("sawtooth").lpf(600).bpdepthfrequency("<200 500 100 0>")
  */
 
-export const { bpdepthfrequency } = registerControl('bpdepthfrequency', 'bpdepthfreq');
+export const { bpdepthfrequency, bpdepthfreq } = registerControl('bpdepthfrequency', 'bpdepthfreq');
 
 /**
  * Shape of the LFO for the bandpass filter
@@ -1439,20 +1597,19 @@ export const { hpsync } = registerControl('hpsync');
  * @name hpdepth
  * @param {number | Pattern} depth depth of modulation
  */
-export const { hpdepth, hpdepthfreq } = registerControl('hpdepth');
+export const { hpdepth } = registerControl('hpdepth');
 
 /**
  * Depth of the LFO for the hipass filter, in hz
  *
  * @name hpdepthfrequency
- * @synonyms
- * hpdethfreq
+ * @synonyms hpdepthfreq
  * @param {number | Pattern} depth depth of modulation
  * @example
  * note("<c c c# c c c4>*16").s("sawtooth").lpf(600).hpdepthfrequency("<200 500 100 0>")
  */
 
-export const { hpdepthfrequency } = registerControl('hpdepthfrequency', 'hpdepthfreq');
+export const { hpdepthfrequency, hpdepthfreq } = registerControl('hpdepthfrequency', 'hpdepthfreq');
 
 /**
  * Shape of the LFO for the highpass filter
@@ -2596,8 +2753,13 @@ export const as = register('as', (mapping, pat) => {
   mapping = Array.isArray(mapping) ? mapping : [mapping];
   return pat.fmap((v) => {
     v = Array.isArray(v) ? v : [v];
-    v = Object.fromEntries(mapping.map((prop, i) => [getControlName(prop), v[i]]));
-    return v;
+    const entries = [];
+    for (let i = 0; i < mapping.length; ++i) {
+      if (v[i] !== undefined) {
+        entries.push([getControlName(mapping[i]), v[i]]);
+      }
+    }
+    return Object.fromEntries(entries);
   });
 });
 
@@ -2629,3 +2791,17 @@ export const scrub = register(
   },
   false,
 );
+
+/**
+ * Transient shaper. Gives independent control over the emphasis on transients
+ * and sustains
+ *
+ * @name transient
+ * @param {number | Pattern} attack Emphasis on transients; between -1 (deaccentuate) and 1 (accentuate)
+ * @param {number | Pattern} sustain Emphasis on the sustains; between -1 (deaccentuate) and 1 (accentuate)
+ * @example
+ * s("bd").transient("<-1 -0.5 0 0.5 1>")
+ * @example
+ * s("hh*16").bank("tr909").transient("<-1:1 1:-1>")
+ */
+export const { transient } = registerControl(['transient', 'transsustain']);

packages/core/impure.mjs

@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+/*
+stateful.mjs - File of shame for stateful, impure and otherwise illegal pattern methods
+Copyright (C) 2025 Strudel contributors - see <https://codeberg.org/uzu/strudel/src/branch/main/packages/core/index.mjs>
+This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later version. This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU Affero General Public License for more details. You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public License along with this program.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+*/
+
+import { register, reify, Pattern } from './pattern.mjs';
+
+let timelines = {};
+
+export const reset_state = function () {
+  reset_timelines();
+};
+
+export const reset_timelines = function () {
+  timelines = {};
+};
+
+/***
+ * Allows you to switch a pattern between different 'timelines'. This is particularly useful when
+ * live coding, for example when you want to cue a pattern up to play from its start.
+ *
+ * Timelines are specified by number, so that if you had a pattern like
+ * `n("<0 1 2 3>").s("num").timeline(1)` playing, then changed the '1'
+ * to '2', it would always align '0' to the nearest cycle. You will likely want to trigger
+ * an evaluation a little bit before the cycle starts, to avoid missing events.
+ *
+ * After the first use, a timeline will continue with the same 'offset'. That is, if you change
+ * a pattern without changing its timeline number, it will stay on that timeline without resetting.
+ *
+ * Rather than incrementing a timeline to reset it, it's easier to negate it, e.g. by switching between `-2`
+ * and `2`. This is because when you negate a timeline it will always reset.
+ *
+ * You can also pattern the timeline if you want, to create strange resetting patterns.
+ * @param {number | Pattern} timeline The timeline that the pattern should play on.
+ * @example
+ * n("<0 1 2 3>(3,8)")
+ *   .sound("num")
+ *   // resets the timeline every two cycles, by negating the timeline.
+ *   // in a lot of cases this will be edited by a human live coder
+ *   // rather than patterned!
+ *   .timeline("<2 -2>".slow(2))
+ */
+
+export const timeline = register(
+  'timeline',
+  function (tpat, pat) {
+    tpat = reify(tpat);
+    const f = function (state) {
+      // Is this called from the scheduler? (rather than from e.g. the visualiser)
+      const scheduler = !!state.controls.cyclist;
+      const timehaps = tpat.query(state);
+      const result = [];
+      for (const timehap of timehaps) {
+        const tlid = timehap.value;
+        let offset;
+        if (tlid === 0) {
+          offset = 0;
+        } else if (tlid in timelines) {
+          offset = timelines[tlid];
+        } else {
+          const timearc = timehap.wholeOrPart();
+          if (!scheduler || state.span.begin.lt(timearc.midpoint())) {
+            offset = timearc.begin;
+          } else {
+            // Sync to end of timearc if we first see it over halfway into its
+            // timespan. Allows 'cuing up' next timeline when live coding.
+            offset = timearc.end;
+          }
+        }
+        if (scheduler) {
+          // update state
+          timelines[tlid] = offset;
+          if (tlid !== 0) {
+            delete timelines[-tlid];
+          }
+        }
+
+        const pathaps = pat
+          .late(offset)
+          .query(state.setSpan(timehap.part))
+          .map((h) => h.setContext(h.combineContext(timehap)));
+        result.push(...pathaps);
+      }
+      return result;
+    };
+    return new Pattern(f, pat._steps);
+  },
+  false,
+);

packages/core/index.mjs

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
 index.mjs - <short description TODO>
-Copyright (C) 2022 Strudel contributors - see <https://codeberg.org/uzu/strudel/src/branch/main/packages/core/index.mjs>
+Copyright (C) 2025 Strudel contributors - see <https://codeberg.org/uzu/strudel/src/branch/main/packages/core/index.mjs>
 This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later version. This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU Affero General Public License for more details. You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public License along with this program.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */
 
@@ -11,20 +11,21 @@ import createClock from './zyklus.mjs';
 import { logger } from './logger.mjs';
 export { Fraction, controls, createClock };
 export * from './controls.mjs';
-export * from './hap.mjs';
-export * from './pattern.mjs';
-export * from './signal.mjs';
-export * from './pick.mjs';
-export * from './state.mjs';
-export * from './timespan.mjs';
-export * from './util.mjs';
-export * from './speak.mjs';
-export * from './evaluate.mjs';
-export * from './repl.mjs';
 export * from './cyclist.mjs';
+export * from './evaluate.mjs';
+export * from './hap.mjs';
+export * from './impure.mjs';
 export * from './logger.mjs';
+export * from './pattern.mjs';
+export * from './pick.mjs';
+export * from './repl.mjs';
+export * from './signal.mjs';
+export * from './speak.mjs';
+export * from './state.mjs';
 export * from './time.mjs';
+export * from './timespan.mjs';
 export * from './ui.mjs';
+export * from './util.mjs';
 export { default as drawLine } from './drawLine.mjs';
 // below won't work with runtime.mjs (json import fails)
 /* import * as p from './package.json';

packages/core/pattern.mjs

@@ -574,7 +574,8 @@ export class Pattern {
    * Returns a new Pattern, which only returns haps that meet the given test.
    * @param {Function} hap_test - a function which returns false for haps to be removed from the pattern
    * @returns Pattern
-   * @noAutocomplete
+   * @example
+   * s("bd*8").velocity(rand).filterHaps((h) => (h.whole.begin % 1) < h.value.velocity)
    */
   filterHaps(hap_test) {
     return new Pattern((state) => this.query(state).filter(hap_test));
@@ -585,7 +586,11 @@ export class Pattern {
    * inside haps.
    * @param {Function} value_test
    * @returns Pattern
-   * @noAutocomplete
+   * @example
+   * const drums = s("bd sd bd sd")
+   * kick: drums.filterValues((v) => v.s === 'bd').duck(2)
+   * snare: drums.filterValues((v) => v.s === 'sd')
+   * bass: s("saw!4").note("G#1").lpf(80).lpenv(4).orbit(2)
    */
   filterValues(value_test) {
     return new Pattern((state) => this.query(state).filter((hap) => value_test(hap.value))).setSteps(this._steps);
@@ -1587,7 +1592,13 @@ export const func = curry((a, b) => reify(b).func(a));
  *
  * @param {string | string[]} name name of the function, or an array of names to be used as synonyms
  * @param {function} func function with 1 or more params, where last is the current pattern
- * @noAutocomplete
+ * @param {bool} patternify defaults to true; if set to false, you will have more control over the arguments to `func` as they will be
+ *   in their raw form and it will be up to you to patternify them and/or query them for values
+ * @example
+ * const vlpf = register('vlpf', (freq, pat) => {
+ *   return pat.fmap((v) => ({...v, cutoff: freq * (v.velocity ?? 1) }));
+ * })
+ * s("saw").seg(8).velocity(rand).vlpf(800)
  *
  */
 export function register(name, func, patternify = true, preserveSteps = false, join = (x) => x.innerJoin()) {
@@ -2234,7 +2245,7 @@ export const brak = register('brak', function (pat) {
 });
 
 /**
- * Reverse all haps in a pattern
+ * Reverse all cycles in a pattern. See also `revv` for reversing a whole pattern.
  *
  * @name rev
  * @memberof Pattern
@@ -2266,6 +2277,23 @@ export const rev = register(
   true,
 );
 
+/**
+ * Reverse a whole pattern. See also `rev` for reversing each cycle.
+ *
+ * @name revv
+ * @memberof Pattern
+ * @returns Pattern
+ * @example
+ * // This is the same as `<[g e] [d c]>`. If `rev()` is used, you get
+ * // the same as `<[d c] [g e]>`, where each cycle reverses, but the order of
+ * // cycles stays the same.
+ * note("<[c d] [e g]>").revv()
+ */
+export const revv = register('revv', function (pat) {
+  const negateSpan = (span) => new TimeSpan(Fraction(0).sub(span.end), Fraction(0).sub(span.begin));
+  return pat.withQuerySpan(negateSpan).withHapSpan(negateSpan);
+});
+
 /** Like press, but allows you to specify the amount by which each
  * event is shifted. pressBy(0.5) is the same as press, while
  * pressBy(1/3) shifts each event by a third of its timespan.
@@ -2659,8 +2687,13 @@ export const hsl = register('hsl', (h, s, l, pat) => {
 /**
  * Tags each Hap with an identifier. Good for filtering. The function populates Hap.context.tags (Array).
  * @name tag
- * @noAutocomplete
  * @param {string} tag anything unique
+ * @example
+ * s("saw!16").note("F1")
+ *   .lpf(tri.range(40, 80).slow(4)).lpenv(5).lpq(4).lpd(0.15)
+ *   .when(rand.late(0.1).gte(0.5), x => x.transpose("12").tag('altered'))
+ *   .when(rand.late(0.2).gte(0.5), x => x.s("square").tag('altered'))
+ *   .when("<0 1>", x => x.filter((hap) => hap.hasTag('altered')))
  */
 Pattern.prototype.tag = function (tag) {
   return this.withContext((ctx) => ({ ...ctx, tags: (ctx.tags || []).concat([tag]) }));
@@ -2671,15 +2704,16 @@ Pattern.prototype.tag = function (tag) {
  * @name filter
  * @param {Function} test function to test Hap
  * @example
- * s("hh!7 oh").filter(hap => hap.value.s==='hh')
+ * s("hh!7 oh").filter(hap => hap.value.s === 'hh')
  */
 export const filter = register('filter', (test, pat) => pat.withHaps((haps) => haps.filter(test)));
 
 /**
  * Filters haps by their begin time
  * @name filterWhen
- * @noAutocomplete
  * @param {Function} test function to test Hap.whole.begin
+ * @example
+ * oneCycle: s("bd*4").filterWhen((t) => t < 1)
  */
 export const filterWhen = register('filterWhen', (test, pat) => pat.filter((h) => test(h.whole.begin)));
 

packages/core/repl.mjs

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ import { errorLogger, logger } from './logger.mjs';
 import { setTime } from './time.mjs';
 import { evalScope } from './evaluate.mjs';
 import { register, Pattern, isPattern, silence, stack } from './pattern.mjs';
+import { reset_state } from './impure.mjs';
 
 export function repl({
   defaultOutput,
@@ -52,6 +53,9 @@ export function repl({
     onToggle: (started) => {
       updateState({ started });
       onToggle?.(started);
+      if (!started) {
+        reset_state();
+      }
     },
     setInterval,
     clearInterval,

packages/core/signal.mjs

@@ -882,3 +882,50 @@ export const whenKey = register('whenKey', function (input, func, pat) {
 export const keyDown = register('keyDown', function (pat) {
   return pat.fmap(_keyDown);
 });
+
+/**
+ * A pattern measuring the duration of events,
+ * in cycles per event. `cyclesPer` doesn't have structure itself, but takes structure, and therefore
+ * event durations, from the pattern that it is combined with.
+ * For example `cyclesPer.struct("1 1 [1 1] 1")` would give the same as `"0.25 0.25 [0.125 0.125] 0.25"`.
+ * See also its reciprocal, `per`, also known as `perCycle`.
+ * @example
+ * // Shorter events are lower in pitch
+ * sound("saw saw [saw saw] saw")
+ *   .note(cyclesPer.range(50, 100))
+ * @example
+ * sound("bd sd [bd bd] sd*4 [- sd] [bd [bd bd]]")
+ *   .note(cyclesPer.add(20))
+ */
+export const cyclesPer = new Pattern(function (state) {
+  return [new Hap(undefined, state.span, state.span.duration)];
+});
+
+/**
+ * A pattern measuring the 'shortness' of events, or in other words, the duration of pattern events,
+ * in events per cycle. `per` doesn't have structure itself, but takes structure, and therefore
+ * event durations, from the pattern that it is combined with.
+ * For example `per.struct("1 1 [1 1] 1")` would give the same as `"4 4 [8 8] 4"`.
+ * See also its reciprocal, `cyclesPer`.
+ * @synonyms perCycle
+ * @example
+ * // Shorter events are more distorted
+ * n("0 0*2 0 0*2 0 [0 0 0]@2").sound("bd")
+ *  .distort(per.div(2))
+ */
+export const per = new Pattern(function (state) {
+  return [new Hap(undefined, state.span, Fraction(1).div(state.span.duration))];
+});
+
+export const perCycle = per;
+
+/**
+ * Like `per` but measures the shortness of events according to an exponential curve. In
+ * particular, where the event duration halves, the
+ * returned value increases by one. `perx.struct("1 1 [1 [1 1]] 1")` would therefore be
+ * the same as `"3 3 [4 [5 5]] 3"`.
+ */
+export const perx = new Pattern(function (state) {
+  const n = Fraction(1).div(state.span.duration);
+  return [new Hap(undefined, state.span, Math.log(n) / Math.log(2) + 1)];
+});

packages/core/test/pattern.test.mjs

@@ -586,6 +586,18 @@ describe('Pattern', () => {
           .map((a) => a.value),
       ).toStrictEqual(['c', 'b', 'a']);
     });
+    it('Does not reverse the order of cycles', () => {
+      expect(fastcat('a', 'b', 'c', 'd').slow(2).rev().fast(2).sortHapsByPart().firstCycle()).toStrictEqual(
+        fastcat('b', 'a', 'd', 'c').firstCycle(),
+      );
+    });
+  });
+  describe('revv()', () => {
+    it('Does reverse the order of cycles', () => {
+      expect(fastcat('a', 'b', 'c', 'd').slow(2).revv().fast(2).sortHapsByPart().firstCycle()).toStrictEqual(
+        fastcat('d', 'c', 'b', 'a').firstCycle(),
+      );
+    });
   });
   describe('sequence()', () => {
     it('Can work like fastcat', () => {
@@ -728,20 +740,6 @@ describe('Pattern', () => {
       );
     });
   });
-  describe('signal()', () => {
-    it('Can make saw/saw2', () => {
-      expect(saw.struct(true, true, true, true).firstCycle()).toStrictEqual(
-        sequence(0, 1 / 4, 1 / 2, 3 / 4).firstCycle(),
-      );
-
-      expect(saw2.struct(true, true, true, true).firstCycle()).toStrictEqual(sequence(-1, -0.5, 0, 0.5).firstCycle());
-    });
-    it('Can make isaw/isaw2', () => {
-      expect(isaw.struct(true, true, true, true).firstCycle()).toStrictEqual(sequence(1, 0.75, 0.5, 0.25).firstCycle());
-
-      expect(isaw2.struct(true, true, true, true).firstCycle()).toStrictEqual(sequence(1, 0.5, 0, -0.5).firstCycle());
-    });
-  });
   describe('_setContext()', () => {
     it('Can set the hap context', () => {
       expect(

packages/core/test/signal.test.mjs

@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+/*
+signal.test.mjs - <short description TODO>
+Copyright (C) 2022 Strudel contributors - see <https://codeberg.org/uzu/strudel/src/branch/main/packages/core/test/pattern.test.mjs>
+This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later version. This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU Affero General Public License for more details. You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public License along with this program.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+*/
+
+import Fraction from 'fraction.js';
+
+import { describe, it, expect, vi } from 'vitest';
+
+import { saw, saw2, isaw, isaw2, per, perx, cyclesPer } from '../signal.mjs';
+import { fastcat, sequence, State, TimeSpan, Hap } from '../index.mjs';
+
+const st = (begin, end) => new State(ts(begin, end));
+const ts = (begin, end) => new TimeSpan(Fraction(begin), Fraction(end));
+const hap = (whole, part, value, context = {}) => new Hap(whole, part, value, context);
+
+const third = Fraction(1, 3);
+const twothirds = Fraction(2, 3);
+
+const sameFirst = (a, b) => {
+  return expect(a.sortHapsByPart().firstCycle()).toStrictEqual(b.sortHapsByPart().firstCycle());
+};
+
+describe('signal()', () => {
+  it('Can make saw/saw2', () => {
+    expect(saw.struct(true, true, true, true).firstCycle()).toStrictEqual(
+      sequence(0, 1 / 4, 1 / 2, 3 / 4).firstCycle(),
+    );
+
+    expect(saw2.struct(true, true, true, true).firstCycle()).toStrictEqual(sequence(-1, -0.5, 0, 0.5).firstCycle());
+  });
+  it('Can make isaw/isaw2', () => {
+    expect(isaw.struct(true, true, true, true).firstCycle()).toStrictEqual(sequence(1, 0.75, 0.5, 0.25).firstCycle());
+
+    expect(isaw2.struct(true, true, true, true).firstCycle()).toStrictEqual(sequence(1, 0.5, 0, -0.5).firstCycle());
+  });
+});
+
+describe('cyclesPer', () => {
+  it('gives cycles per hap', () => {
+    sameFirst(
+      cyclesPer.struct(true, true, true, fastcat(true, true)),
+      sequence(0.25, 0.25, 0.25, fastcat(0.125, 0.125)).fmap(Fraction),
+    );
+  });
+});
+describe('per', () => {
+  it('gives haps per cycle', () => {
+    sameFirst(per.struct(true, true, true, fastcat(true, true)), sequence(4, 4, 4, fastcat(8, 8)).fmap(Fraction));
+  });
+});
+
+describe('perx', () => {
+  it('gives exponential haps per cycle', () => {
+    sameFirst(
+      perx.struct(true, true, true, fastcat(true, fastcat(true, true))),
+      sequence(3, 3, 3, fastcat(4, fastcat(5, 5))),
+    );
+  });
+});

packages/midi/midi.mjs

@@ -479,14 +479,24 @@ Pattern.prototype.midi = function (midiport, options = {}) {
 
 let listeners = {};
 const refs = {};
+const refsByChan = {};
 
 /**
  * MIDI input: Opens a MIDI input port to receive MIDI control change messages.
+ *
+ * The output is a function that accepts a midi cc value to query as well as (optionally) a midi channel
  * @param {string | number} input MIDI device name or index defaulting to 0
- * @returns {Function}
+ * @returns {function(number, number=): Pattern} A function from (cc, channel?) to a pattern.
+ *   When queried, the pattern will produces the most recently received midi value (normalized to 0 to 1)
+ *   that came through that cc number (and channel, if provided)
  * @example
- * let cc = await midin('IAC Driver Bus 1')
+ * const cc = await midin('IAC Driver Bus 1')
  * note("c a f e").lpf(cc(0).range(0, 1000)).lpq(cc(1).range(0, 10)).sound("sawtooth")
+ * @example
+ * const allCC = await midin('IAC Driver Bus 1')
+ * const cc = (ccNum) => allCC(ccNum, 2) // just channel 2
+ * note("c a f e").s("saw")
+ *   .when(cc(0).gt(0), x => x.postgain(0))
  */
 export async function midin(input) {
   if (isPattern(input)) {
@@ -511,17 +521,24 @@ export async function midin(input) {
       }`,
     );
   }
-  // ensure refs for this input are initialized
-  if (!refs[input]) {
-    refs[input] = {};
-  }
-  const cc = (cc) => ref(() => refs[input][cc] || 0);
+  refs[input] ??= {};
+  refsByChan[input] ??= {};
+  const cc = (cc, chan) => {
+    if (chan !== undefined) {
+      return ref(() => refsByChan[input][cc]?.[chan] || 0);
+    }
+    return ref(() => refs[input][cc] || 0);
+  };
 
   listeners[input] && device.removeListener('midimessage', listeners[input]);
   listeners[input] = (e) => {
-    const cc = e.dataBytes[0];
+    const ccNum = e.dataBytes[0];
     const v = e.dataBytes[1];
-    refs[input] && (refs[input][cc] = v / 127);
+    const chan = e.message.channel;
+    const scaled = v / 127;
+    refsByChan[input][ccNum] ??= {};
+    refsByChan[input][ccNum][chan] = scaled;
+    refs[input][ccNum] = scaled;
   };
   device.addListener('midimessage', listeners[input]);
   return cc;

packages/soundfonts/fontloader.mjs

@@ -6,6 +6,8 @@ import {
   getADSRValues,
   getPitchEnvelope,
   getVibratoOscillator,
+  onceEnded,
+  releaseAudioNode,
 } from '@strudel/webaudio';
 import gm from './gm.mjs';
 
@@ -170,12 +172,11 @@ export function registerSoundfonts() {
 
         bufferSource.stop(envEnd);
         const stop = (releaseTime) => {};
-        bufferSource.onended = () => {
-          bufferSource.disconnect();
-          vibratoOscillator?.stop();
-          node.disconnect();
+        onceEnded(bufferSource, () => {
+          releaseAudioNode(bufferSource);
+          releaseAudioNode(vibratoOscillator);
           onended();
-        };
+        });
         return { node, stop };
       },
       { type: 'soundfont', prebake: true, fonts },

packages/superdough/helpers.mjs

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { getAudioContext } from './audioContext.mjs';
-import { clamp, nanFallback, midiToFreq, noteToMidi } from './util.mjs';
-import { getNoiseBuffer } from './noise.mjs';
 import { logger } from './logger.mjs';
+import { getNoiseBuffer } from './noise.mjs';
+import { clamp, nanFallback, midiToFreq, noteToMidi } from './util.mjs';
 
 export const noises = ['pink', 'white', 'brown', 'crackle'];
 
@@ -189,7 +189,7 @@ export function applyParameterModulators(audioContext, param, start, end, envelo
     getParamADSR(param, attack, decay, sustain, release, min, max, start, holdEnd, curve);
   }
   const lfo = getParamLfo(audioContext, param, start, end, lfoValues);
-  return { lfo, disconnect: () => lfo?.disconnect() };
+  return lfo;
 }
 export function createFilter(context, start, end, params, cps, cycle) {
   let {
@@ -240,6 +240,7 @@ export function createFilter(context, start, end, params, cps, cycle) {
     rate = cps * sync;
   }
   const hasLFO = [depth, depthfrequency, skew, shape, rate].some((v) => v !== undefined);
+  let lfo;
   if (hasLFO) {
     depth = depth ?? 1;
     const time = cycle / cps;
@@ -255,10 +256,10 @@ export function createFilter(context, start, end, params, cps, cycle) {
       time,
       curve: 1,
     };
-    getParamLfo(context, frequencyParam, start, end, lfoValues);
+    lfo = getParamLfo(context, frequencyParam, start, end, lfoValues);
   }
 
-  return filter;
+  return { filter, lfo };
 }
 
 // stays 1 until .5, then fades out
@@ -282,9 +283,12 @@ export function drywet(dry, wet, wetAmount = 0) {
   wet_gain.connect(mix);
   return {
     node: mix,
-    onended: () => {
-      dry_gain.disconnect(mix);
-      wet_gain.disconnect(mix);
+    teardown: () => {
+      releaseAudioNode(dry_gain);
+      releaseAudioNode(wet_gain);
+      // it is not the responsability of drywet
+      // to call `releaseAudioNode` on
+      // the 2 external args dry and wet
       dry.disconnect(dry_gain);
       wet.disconnect(wet_gain);
     },
@@ -323,10 +327,10 @@ export function getVibratoOscillator(param, value, t) {
     gain.gain.value = vibmod * 100;
     vibratoOscillator.connect(gain);
     gain.connect(param);
-    vibratoOscillator.onended = () => {
-      gain.disconnect(param);
-      vibratoOscillator.disconnect(gain);
-    };
+    onceEnded(vibratoOscillator, () => {
+      releaseAudioNode(gain);
+      releaseAudioNode(vibratoOscillator);
+    });
     vibratoOscillator.start(t);
     return vibratoOscillator;
   }
@@ -348,25 +352,17 @@ export function webAudioTimeout(audioContext, onComplete, startTime, stopTime) {
   constantNode.connect(zeroGain);
 
   // Schedule the `onComplete` callback to occur at `stopTime`
-  constantNode.onended = () => {
-    // Ensure garbage collection
-    try {
-      zeroGain.disconnect();
-    } catch {
-      // pass
-    }
-    try {
-      constantNode.disconnect();
-    } catch {
-      // pass
-    }
+  onceEnded(constantNode, () => {
+    releaseAudioNode(zeroGain);
+    releaseAudioNode(constantNode);
     onComplete();
-  };
+  });
   constantNode.start(startTime);
   constantNode.stop(stopTime);
   return constantNode;
 }
-const mod = (freq, range = 1, type = 'sine') => {
+
+const mod = (freq, type = 'sine') => {
   const ctx = getAudioContext();
   let osc;
   if (noises.includes(type)) {
@@ -378,69 +374,89 @@ const mod = (freq, range = 1, type = 'sine') => {
     osc.type = type;
     osc.frequency.value = freq;
   }
-
   osc.start();
-  const g = gainNode(range);
-  osc.connect(g); // -range, range
-  return { node: g, stop: (t) => osc.stop(t), osc: osc };
+  return osc;
 };
-const fm = (frequencyparam, harmonicityRatio, modulationIndex, wave = 'sine') => {
+
+const fm = (frequencyparam, harmonicityRatio, wave = 'sine') => {
   const carrfreq = frequencyparam.value;
   const modfreq = carrfreq * harmonicityRatio;
-  const modgain = modfreq * modulationIndex;
-  return mod(modfreq, modgain, wave);
+  return { osc: mod(modfreq, wave), freq: modfreq };
 };
+
 export function applyFM(param, value, begin) {
-  const {
-    fmh: fmHarmonicity = 1,
-    fmi: fmModulationIndex,
-    fmenv: fmEnvelopeType = 'exp',
-    fmattack: fmAttack,
-    fmdecay: fmDecay,
-    fmsustain: fmSustain,
-    fmrelease: fmRelease,
-    fmvelocity: fmVelocity,
-    fmwave: fmWaveform = 'sine',
-    duration,
-  } = value;
-  let modulator;
-  let stop = () => {};
-
-  if (fmModulationIndex) {
-    const ac = getAudioContext();
-    const envGain = ac.createGain();
-    const fmmod = fm(param, fmHarmonicity, fmModulationIndex, fmWaveform);
-
-    modulator = fmmod.node;
-    stop = fmmod.stop;
-    if (![fmAttack, fmDecay, fmSustain, fmRelease, fmVelocity].some((v) => v !== undefined)) {
-      // no envelope by default
-      modulator.connect(param);
-    } else {
-      const [attack, decay, sustain, release] = getADSRValues([fmAttack, fmDecay, fmSustain, fmRelease]);
-      const holdEnd = begin + duration;
-      getParamADSR(
-        envGain.gain,
-        attack,
-        decay,
-        sustain,
-        release,
-        0,
-        1,
-        begin,
-        holdEnd,
-        fmEnvelopeType === 'exp' ? 'exponential' : 'linear',
-      );
-      modulator.connect(envGain);
-      envGain.connect(param);
+  const ac = getAudioContext();
+  const toStop = []; // fm oscillators we will expose `stop` for
+  const fms = {};
+  // Matrix
+  for (let i = 1; i <= 8; i++) {
+    for (let j = 0; j <= 8; j++) {
+      let control;
+      if (i === j + 1) {
+        // Standard fm3 -> fm2 -> fm1 -> param usage
+        const iS = i === 1 ? '' : i;
+        control = `fmi${iS}`;
+      } else {
+        control = `fmi${i}${j}`;
+      }
+      const amt = value[control];
+      if (!amt) continue;
+      let io = [];
+      for (let [isMod, idx] of [
+        [true, i], // source
+        [false, j], // target
+      ]) {
+        if (idx === 0) {
+          io.push(param);
+          continue;
+        }
+        if (!fms[idx]) {
+          const idxS = idx === 1 ? '' : idx;
+          const { osc, freq } = fm(param, value[`fmh${idxS}`] ?? 1, value[`fmwave${idxS}`] ?? 'sine');
+          toStop.push(osc);
+          const toCleanup = [osc]; // nodes we want to cleanup after oscillator `stop`
+          const adsr = ['attack', 'decay', 'sustain', 'release'].map((s) => value[`fm${s}${idxS}`]);
+          let output = osc;
+          if (adsr.some((v) => v !== undefined)) {
+            const envGain = ac.createGain();
+            const [attack, decay, sustain, release] = getADSRValues(adsr);
+            const holdEnd = begin + value.duration;
+            const fmEnvelopeType = value[`fmenv${idxS}`] ?? 'exp';
+            getParamADSR(
+              envGain.gain,
+              attack,
+              decay,
+              sustain,
+              release,
+              0,
+              1,
+              begin,
+              holdEnd,
+              fmEnvelopeType === 'exp' ? 'exponential' : 'linear',
+            );
+            toCleanup.push(envGain);
+            output = osc.connect(envGain);
+          }
+          fms[idx] = { input: osc.frequency, output, freq, osc, toCleanup };
+        }
+        const { input, output, freq, osc, toCleanup } = fms[idx];
+        const g = gainNode(amt * freq);
+        io.push(isMod ? output.connect(g) : input);
+        cleanupOnEnd(osc, [...toCleanup, g]);
+      }
+      if (!io[1]) {
+        logger(
+          `[superdough] control ${control} failed to connect FM ${i} to target ${j} due to missing frequency parameter (likely because fm${j} is noise)`,
+          'warning',
+        );
+        continue;
+      }
+      io[0].connect(io[1]);
     }
-    fmmod.osc.onended = () => {
-      envGain.disconnect();
-      modulator.disconnect();
-      fmmod.osc.disconnect();
-    };
   }
-  return { stop };
+  return {
+    stop: (t) => toStop.forEach((m) => m?.stop(t)),
+  };
 }
 
 // Saturation curves
@@ -553,10 +569,60 @@ export const getFrequencyFromValue = (value, defaultNote = 36) => {
   return Number(freq);
 };
 
-export const destroyAudioWorkletNode = (node) => {
-  if (node == null) {
-    return;
-  }
-  node.disconnect();
-  node.parameters.get('end')?.setValueAtTime(0, 0);
+// This helper should be used instead of the `node.onended = callback` pattern
+// It adds a mechanism to help minimize gc retention
+export const onceEnded = (node, callback) => {
+  const onended = callback;
+  node.onended = function cleanup() {
+    onended && onended();
+    this.onended = null;
+  };
+};
+
+export const releaseAudioNode = (node) => {
+  if (node == null) return;
+
+  // check we received an AudioNode
+  if (!(node instanceof AudioNode)) {
+    throw new Error('releaseAudioNode can only release an AudioNode');
+  }
+
+  // https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/AudioNode/disconnect
+  node.disconnect();
+
+  // make sure all AudioScheduledSourceNodes are in a stopped state
+  // https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/AudioScheduledSourceNode
+  if (node instanceof AudioScheduledSourceNode) {
+    if (node.onended && node.onended.name !== 'cleanup') {
+      logger(
+        `[superdough] Deprecation warning: it seems your code path is setting 'node.onended = callback' instead of using the onceEnded helper`,
+      );
+    }
+    try {
+      node.stop();
+    } catch (e) {
+      // At the stage, `start` was not called on the node
+      // but an `onended` callback releasing resources may exist
+      // and we want it to fire :
+      // - we force a start/stop cycle so that `onended` gets called
+      // - we `lock` the node so that no-one can start it
+      node.start(node.context.currentTime + 5); // will never happen
+      node.stop();
+    }
+  }
+
+  // https://www.w3.org/TR/webaudio-1.1/#AudioNode-actively-processing
+  // An AudioWorkletNode is actively processing when its AudioWorkletProcessor's [[callable process]]
+  // returns true and either its active source flag is true or
+  // any AudioNode connected to one of its inputs is actively processing.
+  if (node instanceof AudioWorkletNode) {
+    // while `end` is not native to the web audio API, it is common practice in superdough
+    // to use that param in the worklets to trigger returning false from the processor
+    node.parameters.get('end')?.setValueAtTime(0, 0);
+  }
+};
+
+// Once the `anchor` node has ended, release all nodes in `toCleanup`
+export const cleanupOnEnd = (anchor, toCleanup) => {
+  onceEnded(anchor, () => toCleanup.forEach((n) => releaseAudioNode(n)));
 };

packages/superdough/noise.mjs

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import { drywet } from './helpers.mjs';
+import { drywet, onceEnded, releaseAudioNode } from './helpers.mjs';
 import { getAudioContext } from './audioContext.mjs';
 
 let noiseCache = {};
@@ -65,9 +65,12 @@ export function getNoiseOscillator(type = 'white', t, density = 0.02) {
 export function getNoiseMix(inputNode, wet, t) {
   const noiseOscillator = getNoiseOscillator('pink', t);
   const noiseMix = drywet(inputNode, noiseOscillator.node, wet);
-  noiseOscillator.node.onended = () => noiseMix.onended();
+  onceEnded(noiseOscillator.node, () => {
+    releaseAudioNode(noiseOscillator.node);
+  });
   return {
     node: noiseMix.node,
     stop: (time) => noiseOscillator?.stop(time),
+    teardown: noiseMix.teardown,
   };
 }

packages/superdough/sampler.mjs

@@ -1,7 +1,14 @@
 import { getBaseURL, getCommonSampleInfo } from './util.mjs';
 import { registerSound, registerWaveTable } from './index.mjs';
 import { getAudioContext } from './audioContext.mjs';
-import { getADSRValues, getParamADSR, getPitchEnvelope, getVibratoOscillator } from './helpers.mjs';
+import {
+  getADSRValues,
+  getParamADSR,
+  getPitchEnvelope,
+  getVibratoOscillator,
+  onceEnded,
+  releaseAudioNode,
+} from './helpers.mjs';
 import { logger } from './logger.mjs';
 
 const bufferCache = {}; // string: Promise<ArrayBuffer>
@@ -236,12 +243,6 @@ export async function fetchSampleMap(url) {
  *  sd: '808sd/SD0010.WAV'
  *  }, 'https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tidalcycles/Dirt-Samples/master/');
  * s("[bd ~]*2, [~ hh]*2, ~ sd")
- * @example
- * samples('shabda:noise,chimp:2')
- * s("noise <chimp:0*2 chimp:1>")
- * @example
- * samples('shabda/speech/fr-FR/f:chocolat')
- * s("chocolat*4")
  */
 
 export const samples = async (sampleMap, baseUrl = sampleMap._base || '', options = {}) => {
@@ -286,17 +287,19 @@ export async function onTriggerSample(t, value, onended, bank, resolveUrl) {
 
   const { bufferSource, sliceDuration, offset } = await getSampleBufferSource(value, bank, resolveUrl);
 
-  // asny stuff above took too long?
-  if (ac.currentTime > t) {
-    logger(`[sampler] still loading sound "${s}:${n}"`, 'highlight');
-    // console.warn('sample still loading:', s, n);
-    return;
-  }
   if (!bufferSource) {
     logger(`[sampler] could not load "${s}:${n}"`, 'error');
     return;
   }
 
+  // async stuff above took too long?
+  if (ac.currentTime > t) {
+    logger(`[sampler] loading sound "${s}:${n}" took too long`, 'highlight');
+    // AudioBufferSourceNode will never be used. discard it
+    releaseAudioNode(bufferSource);
+    return;
+  }
+
   // vibrato
   let vibratoOscillator = getVibratoOscillator(bufferSource.detune, value, t);
 
@@ -319,13 +322,13 @@ export async function onTriggerSample(t, value, onended, bank, resolveUrl) {
 
   const out = ac.createGain(); // we need a separate gain for the cutgroups because firefox...
   node.connect(out);
-  bufferSource.onended = function () {
-    bufferSource.disconnect();
-    vibratoOscillator?.stop();
-    node.disconnect();
-    out.disconnect();
+  onceEnded(bufferSource, function () {
+    releaseAudioNode(bufferSource);
+    releaseAudioNode(vibratoOscillator);
+    releaseAudioNode(node);
+    releaseAudioNode(out);
     onended();
-  };
+  });
   let envEnd = holdEnd + release + 0.01;
   bufferSource.stop(envEnd);
   const stop = (endTime) => {

packages/superdough/superdough.mjs

@@ -9,7 +9,16 @@ import './reverb.mjs';
 import './vowel.mjs';
 import { nanFallback, _mod, cycleToSeconds, pickAndRename } from './util.mjs';
 import workletsUrl from './worklets.mjs?audioworklet';
-import { createFilter, gainNode, getCompressor, getDistortion, getLfo, getWorklet, effectSend } from './helpers.mjs';
+import {
+  createFilter,
+  gainNode,
+  getCompressor,
+  getDistortion,
+  getLfo,
+  getWorklet,
+  effectSend,
+  releaseAudioNode,
+} from './helpers.mjs';
 import { map } from 'nanostores';
 import { logger } from './logger.mjs';
 import { loadBuffer } from './sampler.mjs';
@@ -274,7 +283,7 @@ export async function initAudioOnFirstClick(options) {
 }
 
 let controller;
-function getSuperdoughAudioController() {
+export function getSuperdoughAudioController() {
   if (controller == null) {
     controller = new SuperdoughAudioController(getAudioContext());
   }
@@ -287,11 +296,11 @@ export function connectToDestination(input, channels) {
 
 function getPhaser(time, end, frequency = 1, depth = 0.5, centerFrequency = 1000, sweep = 2000) {
   const ac = getAudioContext();
-  const lfoGain = getLfo(ac, time, end, { frequency, depth: sweep * 2 });
+  const lfo = getLfo(ac, time, end, { frequency, depth: sweep * 2 });
 
   //filters
-  const numStages = 2; //num of filters in series
-  let fOffset = 0;
+  const numStages = 1; //num of filters in series
+  let fOffset = 282; //for backward compat in #1800
   const filterChain = [];
   for (let i = 0; i < numStages; i++) {
     const filter = ac.createBiquadFilter();
@@ -300,14 +309,11 @@ function getPhaser(time, end, frequency = 1, depth = 0.5, centerFrequency = 1000
     filter.frequency.value = centerFrequency + fOffset;
     filter.Q.value = 2 - Math.min(Math.max(depth * 2, 0), 1.9);
 
-    lfoGain.connect(filter.detune);
+    lfo.connect(filter.detune);
     fOffset += 282;
-    if (i > 0) {
-      filterChain[i - 1].connect(filter);
-    }
     filterChain.push(filter);
   }
-  return filterChain[filterChain.length - 1];
+  return { filterChain, lfo };
 }
 
 function getFilterType(ftype) {
@@ -413,7 +419,7 @@ export const superdough = async (value, t, hapDuration, cps = 0.5, cycle = 0.5)
     release = 0,
 
     //phaser
-    phaserrate: phaser,
+    phaserrate,
     phaserdepth = getDefaultValue('phaserdepth'),
     phasersweep,
     phasercenter,
@@ -451,6 +457,8 @@ export const superdough = async (value, t, hapDuration, cps = 0.5, cycle = 0.5)
     compressorKnee,
     compressorAttack,
     compressorRelease,
+    transient,
+    transsustain,
   } = value;
 
   delaytime = delaytime ?? cycleToSeconds(delaysync, cps);
@@ -506,7 +514,7 @@ export const superdough = async (value, t, hapDuration, cps = 0.5, cycle = 0.5)
   } else if (getSound(s)) {
     const { onTrigger } = getSound(s);
     const onEnded = () => {
-      audioNodes.forEach((n) => n?.disconnect());
+      audioNodes.forEach((n) => releaseAudioNode(n));
       activeSoundSources.delete(chainID);
     };
     const soundHandle = await onTrigger(t, value, onEnded, cps);
@@ -532,6 +540,23 @@ export const superdough = async (value, t, hapDuration, cps = 0.5, cycle = 0.5)
   chain.push(sourceNode);
   stretch !== undefined && chain.push(getWorklet(ac, 'phase-vocoder-processor', { pitchFactor: stretch }));
 
+  transient !== undefined &&
+    chain.push(
+      getWorklet(
+        ac,
+        'transient-processor',
+        {},
+        {
+          processorOptions: {
+            attack: transient,
+            sustain: transsustain,
+            begin: t,
+            end: endWithRelease,
+          },
+        },
+      ),
+    );
+
   // gain stage
   chain.push(gainNode(gain));
 
@@ -560,10 +585,14 @@ export const superdough = async (value, t, hapDuration, cps = 0.5, cycle = 0.5)
     };
     const lpParams = pickAndRename(value, lpMap);
     lpParams.type = 'lowpass';
-    let lp = () => createFilter(ac, t, end, lpParams, cps, cycle);
-    chain.push(lp());
+    const lp = () => createFilter(ac, t, end, lpParams, cps, cycle);
+    const { filter: lpf1, lfo: lfo1 } = lp();
+    chain.push(lpf1);
+    lfo1 && audioNodes.push(lfo1);
     if (ftype === '24db') {
-      chain.push(lp());
+      const { filter: lpf2, lfo: lfo2 } = lp();
+      chain.push(lpf2);
+      lfo2 && audioNodes.push(lfo2);
     }
   }
 
@@ -589,10 +618,14 @@ export const superdough = async (value, t, hapDuration, cps = 0.5, cycle = 0.5)
     };
     const hpParams = pickAndRename(value, hpMap);
     hpParams.type = 'highpass';
-    let hp = () => createFilter(ac, t, end, hpParams, cps, cycle);
-    chain.push(hp());
+    const hp = () => createFilter(ac, t, end, hpParams, cps, cycle);
+    const { filter: hpf1, lfo: lfo1 } = hp();
+    chain.push(hpf1);
+    lfo1 && audioNodes.push(lfo1);
     if (ftype === '24db') {
-      chain.push(hp());
+      const { filter: hpf2, lfo: lfo2 } = hp();
+      chain.push(hpf2);
+      lfo2 && audioNodes.push(lfo2);
     }
   }
 
@@ -618,10 +651,14 @@ export const superdough = async (value, t, hapDuration, cps = 0.5, cycle = 0.5)
     };
     const bpParams = pickAndRename(value, bpMap);
     bpParams.type = 'bandpass';
-    let bp = () => createFilter(ac, t, end, bpParams, cps, cycle);
-    chain.push(bp());
+    const bp = () => createFilter(ac, t, end, bpParams, cps, cycle);
+    const { filter: bpf1, lfo: lfo1 } = bp();
+    chain.push(bpf1);
+    lfo1 && audioNodes.push(lfo1);
     if (ftype === '24db') {
-      chain.push(bp());
+      const { filter: bpf2, lfo: lfo2 } = bp();
+      chain.push(bpf2);
+      lfo2 && audioNodes.push(lfo2);
     }
   }
 
@@ -684,9 +721,10 @@ export const superdough = async (value, t, hapDuration, cps = 0.5, cycle = 0.5)
     chain.push(panner);
   }
   // phaser
-  if (phaser !== undefined && phaserdepth > 0) {
-    const phaserFX = getPhaser(t, endWithRelease, phaser, phaserdepth, phasercenter, phasersweep);
-    chain.push(phaserFX);
+  if (phaserrate !== undefined && phaserdepth > 0) {
+    const { filterChain, lfo } = getPhaser(t, endWithRelease, phaserrate, phaserdepth, phasercenter, phasersweep);
+    audioNodes.push(lfo);
+    chain.push(...filterChain);
   }
 
   // last gain

packages/superdough/synth.mjs

@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@ import { registerSound, soundMap } from './superdough.mjs';
 import { getAudioContext } from './audioContext.mjs';
 import {
   applyFM,
-  destroyAudioWorkletNode,
   gainNode,
   getADSRValues,
   getFrequencyFromValue,
@@ -13,6 +12,8 @@ import {
   getVibratoOscillator,
   getWorklet,
   noises,
+  onceEnded,
+  releaseAudioNode,
   webAudioTimeout,
 } from './helpers.mjs';
 import { logger } from './logger.mjs';
@@ -52,7 +53,7 @@ export function registerSynthSounds() {
         const g = gainNode(0.3);
 
         let sound = getOscillator(s, t, value, () => {
-          g.disconnect();
+          releaseAudioNode(g);
           onended();
         });
 
@@ -110,15 +111,15 @@ export function registerSynthSounds() {
 
       const mix = gainNode(mixGain);
 
-      o.onended = () => {
-        o.disconnect();
-        g.disconnect();
-        sat.disconnect();
-        noise.node.disconnect();
-        noiseGain.disconnect();
-        mix.disconnect();
+      onceEnded(o, () => {
+        releaseAudioNode(o);
+        releaseAudioNode(g);
+        releaseAudioNode(sat);
+        releaseAudioNode(noise.node);
+        releaseAudioNode(noiseGain);
+        releaseAudioNode(mix);
         onended();
-      };
+      });
 
       const node = o.connect(sat).connect(g).connect(mix);
       noise.node.connect(noiseGain).connect(mix);
@@ -192,8 +193,7 @@ export function registerSynthSounds() {
       let timeoutNode = webAudioTimeout(
         ac,
         () => {
-          destroyAudioWorkletNode(o);
-          envGain.disconnect();
+          releaseAudioNode(o);
           onended();
           fm?.stop();
           vibratoOscillator?.stop();
@@ -270,8 +270,7 @@ export function registerSynthSounds() {
       let timeoutNode = webAudioTimeout(
         ac,
         () => {
-          destroyAudioWorkletNode(o);
-          envGain.disconnect();
+          releaseAudioNode(o);
           onended();
         },
         begin,
@@ -344,9 +343,8 @@ export function registerSynthSounds() {
       let timeoutNode = webAudioTimeout(
         ac,
         () => {
-          destroyAudioWorkletNode(o);
-          destroyAudioWorkletNode(lfo);
-          envGain.disconnect();
+          releaseAudioNode(o);
+          releaseAudioNode(lfo);
           onended();
           fm?.stop();
           vibratoOscillator?.stop();
@@ -387,11 +385,11 @@ export function registerSynthSounds() {
 
         const { duration } = value;
 
-        o.onended = () => {
-          o.disconnect();
-          g.disconnect();
+        onceEnded(o, () => {
+          releaseAudioNode(o);
+          releaseAudioNode(g);
           onended();
-        };
+        });
 
         const envGain = gainNode(1);
         let node = o.connect(g).connect(envGain);
@@ -492,11 +490,12 @@ export function getOscillator(s, t, value, onended) {
     noiseMix = getNoiseMix(o, noise, t);
   }
 
-  o.onended = () => {
-    noiseMix || o.disconnect();
-    noiseMix?.node.disconnect();
+  onceEnded(o, () => {
+    noiseMix?.teardown();
+    releaseAudioNode(o);
+    releaseAudioNode(noiseMix?.node);
     onended();
-  };
+  });
   o.start(t);
 
   return {

packages/superdough/wavetable.mjs

@@ -3,13 +3,13 @@ import { getBaseURL, getCommonSampleInfo } from './util.mjs';
 import {
   applyFM,
   applyParameterModulators,
-  destroyAudioWorkletNode,
   getADSRValues,
   getFrequencyFromValue,
   getParamADSR,
   getPitchEnvelope,
   getVibratoOscillator,
   getWorklet,
+  releaseAudioNode,
   webAudioTimeout,
 } from './helpers.mjs';
 import { logger } from './logger.mjs';
@@ -319,12 +319,11 @@ export async function onTriggerSynth(t, value, onended, tables, cps, frameLen) {
   const timeoutNode = webAudioTimeout(
     ac,
     () => {
-      destroyAudioWorkletNode(source);
-      vibratoOscillator?.stop();
+      releaseAudioNode(source);
+      releaseAudioNode(vibratoOscillator);
       fm?.stop();
-      node.disconnect();
-      wtPosModulators?.disconnect();
-      wtWarpModulators?.disconnect();
+      releaseAudioNode(wtPosModulators);
+      releaseAudioNode(wtWarpModulators);
       onended();
     },
     t,

packages/superdough/worklets.mjs

@@ -11,6 +11,9 @@ const PI = Math.PI;
 const TWO_PI = 2 * PI;
 const INVSR = 1 / sampleRate;
 
+const timeToCoeff = (t) => 1 - Math.exp(-INVSR / t);
+const dbToLin = (db) => Math.pow(10, db / 20);
+
 const clamp = (num, min, max) => Math.min(Math.max(num, min), max);
 const mod = (n, m) => ((n % m) + m) % m;
 const lerp = (a, b, n) => n * (b - a) + a;
@@ -508,13 +511,14 @@ class SuperSawOscillatorProcessor extends AudioWorkletProcessor {
     ];
   }
   process(_input, outputs, params) {
-    if (currentTime <= params.begin[0]) {
-      return true;
-    }
     if (currentTime >= params.end[0]) {
-      // this.port.postMessage({ type: 'onended' });
+      // should terminate
       return false;
     }
+    if (currentTime <= params.begin[0]) {
+      // keep alive
+      return true;
+    }
     const output = outputs[0];
     const voices = params.voices[0]; // k-rate
     for (let i = 0; i < output[0].length; i++) {
@@ -1383,3 +1387,82 @@ class WavetableOscillatorProcessor extends AudioWorkletProcessor {
 }
 
 registerProcessor('wavetable-oscillator-processor', WavetableOscillatorProcessor);
+
+class TransientProcessor extends AudioWorkletProcessor {
+  static get parameterDescriptors() {
+    return [];
+  }
+
+  constructor(options) {
+    super();
+    this.gainCoeff = timeToCoeff(0.2);
+    this.avgGain = 1;
+    let {
+      attackTime = 0.003,
+      sustainTime = 0.08,
+      attack = 0,
+      sustain = 0,
+      sensitivity = 0.1,
+      mix = 1,
+      begin = 0,
+      end = 0,
+    } = options.processorOptions;
+    attackTime = clamp(attackTime, 0.0005, 0.05);
+    sustainTime = clamp(sustainTime, 0.01, 0.5);
+    this.attackCoeff = timeToCoeff(attackTime);
+    this.sustainCoeff = timeToCoeff(sustainTime);
+    this.attackAmt = clamp(attack, -1, 1);
+    this.sustainAmt = clamp(sustain, -1, 1);
+    this.scaling = 0.5 + 5 * clamp(sensitivity, 0, 1);
+    this.mix = clamp(mix, 0, 1);
+    this.begin = begin;
+    this.end = end;
+    this.attackEnv = new Float32Array(2); // assume stereo
+    this.sustainEnv = new Float32Array(2);
+  }
+
+  process(inputs, outputs, _params) {
+    const input = inputs[0];
+    const output = outputs[0];
+    if (currentTime >= this.end) {
+      return false;
+    }
+    if (currentTime <= this.begin) {
+      return true;
+    }
+    const channels = input.length;
+    if (channels > this.attackEnv.length) {
+      this.attackEnv = new Float32Array(channels);
+      this.sustainEnv = new Float32Array(channels);
+    }
+    let avgGain = this.avgGain;
+    for (let ch = 0; ch < channels; ch++) {
+      let attEnv = this.attackEnv[ch];
+      let susEnv = this.sustainEnv[ch];
+      for (let n = 0; n < blockSize; n++) {
+        const sample = input[ch][n];
+        const x = Math.abs(sample);
+        attEnv = lerp(attEnv, x, this.attackCoeff);
+        susEnv = lerp(susEnv, x, this.sustainCoeff);
+        const peakiness = clamp((this.scaling * (attEnv - susEnv)) / (susEnv + 1e-6), -1.5, 1.5);
+        const attScale = peakiness > 0 ? peakiness : 0;
+        const susScale = peakiness < 0 ? -peakiness : 0;
+        const attackGain = dbToLin(this.attackAmt * attScale * 18);
+        const sustainGain = dbToLin(this.sustainAmt * susScale * 36);
+        const gain = clamp(attackGain * sustainGain, 0, 8);
+        avgGain = lerp(avgGain, gain, this.gainCoeff);
+        const makeup = avgGain > 1e-3 ? 1 / avgGain : 1;
+        const wet = sample * gain * makeup;
+        let y = lerp(sample, wet, this.mix);
+        y /= 1 + Math.abs(y); // soft clip
+        output[ch][n] = y;
+      }
+      this.attackEnv[ch] = attEnv;
+      this.sustainEnv[ch] = susEnv;
+    }
+    this.avgGain = avgGain;
+    return true;
+  }
+}
+
+registerProcessor('transient-processor', TransientProcessor);

packages/superdough/zzfx.mjs

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ import { midiToFreq, noteToMidi } from './util.mjs';
 import { registerSound } from './superdough.mjs';
 import { getAudioContext } from './audioContext.mjs';
 import { buildSamples } from './zzfx_fork.mjs';
+import { onceEnded, releaseAudioNode } from './helpers.mjs';
 
 export const getZZFX = (value, t) => {
   let {
@@ -83,10 +84,10 @@ export function registerZZFXSounds() {
       wave,
       (t, value, onended) => {
         const { node: o } = getZZFX({ s: wave, ...value }, t);
-        o.onended = () => {
-          o.disconnect();
+        onceEnded(o, () => {
+          releaseAudioNode(o);
           onended();
-        };
+        });
         return {
           node: o,
           stop: () => {},

test/__snapshots__/examples.test.mjs.snap

@@ -2539,6 +2539,84 @@ exports[`runs examples > example "cut" example index 0 1`] = `
 ]
 `;
 
+exports[`runs examples > example "cyclesPer" example index 0 1`] = `
+[
+  "[ 0/1 → 1/4 | s:saw note:62.5 ]",
+  "[ 1/4 → 1/2 | s:saw note:62.5 ]",
+  "[ 1/2 → 5/8 | s:saw note:56.25 ]",
+  "[ 5/8 → 3/4 | s:saw note:56.25 ]",
+  "[ 3/4 → 1/1 | s:saw note:62.5 ]",
+  "[ 1/1 → 5/4 | s:saw note:62.5 ]",
+  "[ 5/4 → 3/2 | s:saw note:62.5 ]",
+  "[ 3/2 → 13/8 | s:saw note:56.25 ]",
+  "[ 13/8 → 7/4 | s:saw note:56.25 ]",
+  "[ 7/4 → 2/1 | s:saw note:62.5 ]",
+  "[ 2/1 → 9/4 | s:saw note:62.5 ]",
+  "[ 9/4 → 5/2 | s:saw note:62.5 ]",
+  "[ 5/2 → 21/8 | s:saw note:56.25 ]",
+  "[ 21/8 → 11/4 | s:saw note:56.25 ]",
+  "[ 11/4 → 3/1 | s:saw note:62.5 ]",
+  "[ 3/1 → 13/4 | s:saw note:62.5 ]",
+  "[ 13/4 → 7/2 | s:saw note:62.5 ]",
+  "[ 7/2 → 29/8 | s:saw note:56.25 ]",
+  "[ 29/8 → 15/4 | s:saw note:56.25 ]",
+  "[ 15/4 → 4/1 | s:saw note:62.5 ]",
+]
+`;
+
+exports[`runs examples > example "cyclesPer" example index 1 1`] = `
+[
+  "[ 0/1 → 1/6 | s:bd note:20.166666666666668 ]",
+  "[ 1/6 → 1/3 | s:sd note:20.166666666666668 ]",
+  "[ 1/3 → 5/12 | s:bd note:20.083333333333332 ]",
+  "[ 5/12 → 1/2 | s:bd note:20.083333333333332 ]",
+  "[ 1/2 → 13/24 | s:sd note:20.041666666666668 ]",
+  "[ 13/24 → 7/12 | s:sd note:20.041666666666668 ]",
+  "[ 7/12 → 5/8 | s:sd note:20.041666666666668 ]",
+  "[ 5/8 → 2/3 | s:sd note:20.041666666666668 ]",
+  "[ 3/4 → 5/6 | s:sd note:20.083333333333332 ]",
+  "[ 5/6 → 11/12 | s:bd note:20.083333333333332 ]",
+  "[ 11/12 → 23/24 | s:bd note:20.041666666666668 ]",
+  "[ 23/24 → 1/1 | s:bd note:20.041666666666668 ]",
+  "[ 1/1 → 7/6 | s:bd note:20.166666666666668 ]",
+  "[ 7/6 → 4/3 | s:sd note:20.166666666666668 ]",
+  "[ 4/3 → 17/12 | s:bd note:20.083333333333332 ]",
+  "[ 17/12 → 3/2 | s:bd note:20.083333333333332 ]",
+  "[ 3/2 → 37/24 | s:sd note:20.041666666666668 ]",
+  "[ 37/24 → 19/12 | s:sd note:20.041666666666668 ]",
+  "[ 19/12 → 13/8 | s:sd note:20.041666666666668 ]",
+  "[ 13/8 → 5/3 | s:sd note:20.041666666666668 ]",
+  "[ 7/4 → 11/6 | s:sd note:20.083333333333332 ]",
+  "[ 11/6 → 23/12 | s:bd note:20.083333333333332 ]",
+  "[ 23/12 → 47/24 | s:bd note:20.041666666666668 ]",
+  "[ 47/24 → 2/1 | s:bd note:20.041666666666668 ]",
+  "[ 2/1 → 13/6 | s:bd note:20.166666666666668 ]",
+  "[ 13/6 → 7/3 | s:sd note:20.166666666666668 ]",
+  "[ 7/3 → 29/12 | s:bd note:20.083333333333332 ]",
+  "[ 29/12 → 5/2 | s:bd note:20.083333333333332 ]",
+  "[ 5/2 → 61/24 | s:sd note:20.041666666666668 ]",
+  "[ 61/24 → 31/12 | s:sd note:20.041666666666668 ]",
+  "[ 31/12 → 21/8 | s:sd note:20.041666666666668 ]",
+  "[ 21/8 → 8/3 | s:sd note:20.041666666666668 ]",
+  "[ 11/4 → 17/6 | s:sd note:20.083333333333332 ]",
+  "[ 17/6 → 35/12 | s:bd note:20.083333333333332 ]",
+  "[ 35/12 → 71/24 | s:bd note:20.041666666666668 ]",
+  "[ 71/24 → 3/1 | s:bd note:20.041666666666668 ]",
+  "[ 3/1 → 19/6 | s:bd note:20.166666666666668 ]",
+  "[ 19/6 → 10/3 | s:sd note:20.166666666666668 ]",
+  "[ 10/3 → 41/12 | s:bd note:20.083333333333332 ]",
+  "[ 41/12 → 7/2 | s:bd note:20.083333333333332 ]",
+  "[ 7/2 → 85/24 | s:sd note:20.041666666666668 ]",
+  "[ 85/24 → 43/12 | s:sd note:20.041666666666668 ]",
+  "[ 43/12 → 29/8 | s:sd note:20.041666666666668 ]",
+  "[ 29/8 → 11/3 | s:sd note:20.041666666666668 ]",
+  "[ 15/4 → 23/6 | s:sd note:20.083333333333332 ]",
+  "[ 23/6 → 47/12 | s:bd note:20.083333333333332 ]",
+  "[ 47/12 → 95/24 | s:bd note:20.041666666666668 ]",
+  "[ 95/24 → 4/1 | s:bd note:20.041666666666668 ]",
+]
+`;
+
 exports[`runs examples > example "decay" example index 0 1`] = `
 [
   "[ 0/1 → 1/4 | note:c3 decay:0.1 sustain:0 ]",
@@ -4043,6 +4121,70 @@ exports[`runs examples > example "filter" example index 0 1`] = `
 ]
 `;
 
+exports[`runs examples > example "filterHaps" example index 0 1`] = `
+[
+  "[ 1/8 → 1/4 | s:bd velocity:0.6852155700325966 ]",
+  "[ 1/4 → 3/8 | s:bd velocity:0.36975969187915325 ]",
+  "[ 3/8 → 1/2 | s:bd velocity:0.40139251574873924 ]",
+  "[ 1/1 → 9/8 | s:bd velocity:0.5195421651005745 ]",
+  "[ 9/8 → 5/4 | s:bd velocity:0.6724895145744085 ]",
+  "[ 5/4 → 11/8 | s:bd velocity:0.7287282031029463 ]",
+  "[ 3/2 → 13/8 | s:bd velocity:0.6084080748260021 ]",
+  "[ 2/1 → 17/8 | s:bd velocity:0.9595271199941635 ]",
+  "[ 17/8 → 9/4 | s:bd velocity:0.9033902939409018 ]",
+  "[ 9/4 → 19/8 | s:bd velocity:0.34548251144587994 ]",
+  "[ 19/8 → 5/2 | s:bd velocity:0.8365066405385733 ]",
+  "[ 3/1 → 25/8 | s:bd velocity:0.21728911064565182 ]",
+  "[ 25/8 → 13/4 | s:bd velocity:0.34324387833476067 ]",
+  "[ 13/4 → 27/8 | s:bd velocity:0.9923650715500116 ]",
+  "[ 27/8 → 7/2 | s:bd velocity:0.40869180113077164 ]",
+  "[ 29/8 → 15/4 | s:bd velocity:0.9391485787928104 ]",
+  "[ 15/4 → 31/8 | s:bd velocity:0.8121673222631216 ]",
+]
+`;
+
+exports[`runs examples > example "filterValues" example index 0 1`] = `
+[
+  "[ 0/1 → 1/4 | s:saw note:G#1 cutoff:80 lpenv:4 orbit:2 ]",
+  "[ 1/4 → 1/2 | s:saw note:G#1 cutoff:80 lpenv:4 orbit:2 ]",
+  "[ 1/2 → 3/4 | s:saw note:G#1 cutoff:80 lpenv:4 orbit:2 ]",
+  "[ 3/4 → 1/1 | s:saw note:G#1 cutoff:80 lpenv:4 orbit:2 ]",
+  "[ 1/1 → 5/4 | s:saw note:G#1 cutoff:80 lpenv:4 orbit:2 ]",
+  "[ 5/4 → 3/2 | s:saw note:G#1 cutoff:80 lpenv:4 orbit:2 ]",
+  "[ 3/2 → 7/4 | s:saw note:G#1 cutoff:80 lpenv:4 orbit:2 ]",
+  "[ 7/4 → 2/1 | s:saw note:G#1 cutoff:80 lpenv:4 orbit:2 ]",
+  "[ 2/1 → 9/4 | s:saw note:G#1 cutoff:80 lpenv:4 orbit:2 ]",
+  "[ 9/4 → 5/2 | s:saw note:G#1 cutoff:80 lpenv:4 orbit:2 ]",
+  "[ 5/2 → 11/4 | s:saw note:G#1 cutoff:80 lpenv:4 orbit:2 ]",
+  "[ 11/4 → 3/1 | s:saw note:G#1 cutoff:80 lpenv:4 orbit:2 ]",
+  "[ 3/1 → 13/4 | s:saw note:G#1 cutoff:80 lpenv:4 orbit:2 ]",
+  "[ 13/4 → 7/2 | s:saw note:G#1 cutoff:80 lpenv:4 orbit:2 ]",
+  "[ 7/2 → 15/4 | s:saw note:G#1 cutoff:80 lpenv:4 orbit:2 ]",
+  "[ 15/4 → 4/1 | s:saw note:G#1 cutoff:80 lpenv:4 orbit:2 ]",
+]
+`;
+
+exports[`runs examples > example "filterWhen" example index 0 1`] = `
+[
+  "[ 0/1 → 1/4 | s:bd ]",
+  "[ 1/4 → 1/2 | s:bd ]",
+  "[ 1/2 → 3/4 | s:bd ]",
+  "[ 3/4 → 1/1 | s:bd ]",
+  "[ 1/1 → 5/4 | s:bd ]",
+  "[ 5/4 → 3/2 | s:bd ]",
+  "[ 3/2 → 7/4 | s:bd ]",
+  "[ 7/4 → 2/1 | s:bd ]",
+  "[ 2/1 → 9/4 | s:bd ]",
+  "[ 9/4 → 5/2 | s:bd ]",
+  "[ 5/2 → 11/4 | s:bd ]",
+  "[ 11/4 → 3/1 | s:bd ]",
+  "[ 3/1 → 13/4 | s:bd ]",
+  "[ 13/4 → 7/2 | s:bd ]",
+  "[ 7/2 → 15/4 | s:bd ]",
+  "[ 15/4 → 4/1 | s:bd ]",
+]
+`;
+
 exports[`runs examples > example "firstOf" example index 0 1`] = `
 [
   "[ 0/1 → 1/4 | note:g3 ]",
@@ -4092,35 +4234,6 @@ exports[`runs examples > example "floor" example index 0 1`] = `
 ]
 `;
 
-exports[`runs examples > example "fm" example index 0 1`] = `
-[
-  "[ 0/1 → 1/6 | note:c fmi:0 ]",
-  "[ 1/6 → 1/3 | note:e fmi:0 ]",
-  "[ 1/3 → 1/2 | note:g fmi:0 ]",
-  "[ 1/2 → 2/3 | note:b fmi:0 ]",
-  "[ 2/3 → 5/6 | note:g fmi:0 ]",
-  "[ 5/6 → 1/1 | note:e fmi:0 ]",
-  "[ 1/1 → 7/6 | note:c fmi:1 ]",
-  "[ 7/6 → 4/3 | note:e fmi:1 ]",
-  "[ 4/3 → 3/2 | note:g fmi:1 ]",
-  "[ 3/2 → 5/3 | note:b fmi:1 ]",
-  "[ 5/3 → 11/6 | note:g fmi:1 ]",
-  "[ 11/6 → 2/1 | note:e fmi:1 ]",
-  "[ 2/1 → 13/6 | note:c fmi:2 ]",
-  "[ 13/6 → 7/3 | note:e fmi:2 ]",
-  "[ 7/3 → 5/2 | note:g fmi:2 ]",
-  "[ 5/2 → 8/3 | note:b fmi:2 ]",
-  "[ 8/3 → 17/6 | note:g fmi:2 ]",
-  "[ 17/6 → 3/1 | note:e fmi:2 ]",
-  "[ 3/1 → 19/6 | note:c fmi:8 ]",
-  "[ 19/6 → 10/3 | note:e fmi:8 ]",
-  "[ 10/3 → 7/2 | note:g fmi:8 ]",
-  "[ 7/2 → 11/3 | note:b fmi:8 ]",
-  "[ 11/3 → 23/6 | note:g fmi:8 ]",
-  "[ 23/6 → 4/1 | note:e fmi:8 ]",
-]
-`;
-
 exports[`runs examples > example "fmattack" example index 0 1`] = `
 [
   "[ 0/1 → 1/6 | note:c fmi:4 fmattack:0 ]",
@@ -4237,6 +4350,72 @@ exports[`runs examples > example "fmh" example index 0 1`] = `
 ]
 `;
 
+exports[`runs examples > example "fmi" example index 0 1`] = `
+[
+  "[ 0/1 → 1/6 | note:c fmi:0 ]",
+  "[ 1/6 → 1/3 | note:e fmi:0 ]",
+  "[ 1/3 → 1/2 | note:g fmi:0 ]",
+  "[ 1/2 → 2/3 | note:b fmi:0 ]",
+  "[ 2/3 → 5/6 | note:g fmi:0 ]",
+  "[ 5/6 → 1/1 | note:e fmi:0 ]",
+  "[ 1/1 → 7/6 | note:c fmi:1 ]",
+  "[ 7/6 → 4/3 | note:e fmi:1 ]",
+  "[ 4/3 → 3/2 | note:g fmi:1 ]",
+  "[ 3/2 → 5/3 | note:b fmi:1 ]",
+  "[ 5/3 → 11/6 | note:g fmi:1 ]",
+  "[ 11/6 → 2/1 | note:e fmi:1 ]",
+  "[ 2/1 → 13/6 | note:c fmi:2 ]",
+  "[ 13/6 → 7/3 | note:e fmi:2 ]",
+  "[ 7/3 → 5/2 | note:g fmi:2 ]",
+  "[ 5/2 → 8/3 | note:b fmi:2 ]",
+  "[ 8/3 → 17/6 | note:g fmi:2 ]",
+  "[ 17/6 → 3/1 | note:e fmi:2 ]",
+  "[ 3/1 → 19/6 | note:c fmi:8 ]",
+  "[ 19/6 → 10/3 | note:e fmi:8 ]",
+  "[ 10/3 → 7/2 | note:g fmi:8 ]",
+  "[ 7/2 → 11/3 | note:b fmi:8 ]",
+  "[ 11/3 → 23/6 | note:g fmi:8 ]",
+  "[ 23/6 → 4/1 | note:e fmi:8 ]",
+]
+`;
+
+exports[`runs examples > example "fmi" example index 1 1`] = `
+[
+  "[ 0/1 → 1/8 | s:sine note:F1 fmi:4 fmi2:0 fmi3:0 fmh:1.06 fmh2:10 fmh3:0.1 ]",
+  "[ 1/8 → 1/4 | s:sine note:F1 fmi:4 fmi2:2.7408622801303864 fmi3:0.125 fmh:1.06 fmh2:10 fmh3:0.1 ]",
+  "[ 1/4 → 3/8 | s:sine note:F1 fmi:4 fmi2:1.479038767516613 fmi3:0.25 fmh:1.06 fmh2:10 fmh3:0.1 ]",
+  "[ 3/8 → 1/2 | s:sine note:F1 fmi:4 fmi2:1.605570062994957 fmi3:0.375 fmh:1.06 fmh2:10 fmh3:0.1 ]",
+  "[ 1/2 → 5/8 | s:sine note:F1 fmi:4 fmi2:1.041922464966774 fmi3:0.5 fmh:1.06 fmh2:10 fmh3:0.1 ]",
+  "[ 5/8 → 3/4 | s:sine note:F1 fmi:4 fmi2:0.5425434708595276 fmi3:0.625 fmh:1.06 fmh2:10 fmh3:0.1 ]",
+  "[ 3/4 → 7/8 | s:sine note:F1 fmi:4 fmi2:0.7833059206604958 fmi3:0.75 fmh:1.06 fmh2:10 fmh3:0.1 ]",
+  "[ 7/8 → 1/1 | s:sine note:F1 fmi:4 fmi2:1.590524323284626 fmi3:0.875 fmh:1.06 fmh2:10 fmh3:0.1 ]",
+  "[ 1/1 → 9/8 | s:sine note:F1 fmi:4 fmi2:2.078168660402298 fmi3:1 fmh:1.06 fmh2:10 fmh3:0.1 ]",
+  "[ 9/8 → 5/4 | s:sine note:F1 fmi:4 fmi2:2.689958058297634 fmi3:1.125 fmh:1.06 fmh2:10 fmh3:0.1 ]",
+  "[ 5/4 → 11/8 | s:sine note:F1 fmi:4 fmi2:2.914912812411785 fmi3:1.25 fmh:1.06 fmh2:10 fmh3:0.1 ]",
+  "[ 11/8 → 3/2 | s:sine note:F1 fmi:4 fmi2:0.7312150076031685 fmi3:1.375 fmh:1.06 fmh2:10 fmh3:0.1 ]",
+  "[ 3/2 → 13/8 | s:sine note:F1 fmi:4 fmi2:2.4336322993040085 fmi3:1.5 fmh:1.06 fmh2:10 fmh3:0.1 ]",
+  "[ 13/8 → 7/4 | s:sine note:F1 fmi:4 fmi2:1.987018845975399 fmi3:1.625 fmh:1.06 fmh2:10 fmh3:0.1 ]",
+  "[ 7/4 → 15/8 | s:sine note:F1 fmi:4 fmi2:0.8189515843987465 fmi3:1.75 fmh:1.06 fmh2:10 fmh3:0.1 ]",
+  "[ 15/8 → 2/1 | s:sine note:F1 fmi:4 fmi2:2.3782287165522575 fmi3:1.875 fmh:1.06 fmh2:10 fmh3:0.1 ]",
+  "[ 2/1 → 17/8 | s:sine note:F1 fmi:4 fmi2:3.838108479976654 fmi3:2 fmh:1.06 fmh2:10 fmh3:0.1 ]",
+  "[ 17/8 → 9/4 | s:sine note:F1 fmi:4 fmi2:3.613561175763607 fmi3:2.125 fmh:1.06 fmh2:10 fmh3:0.1 ]",
+  "[ 9/4 → 19/8 | s:sine note:F1 fmi:4 fmi2:1.3819300457835197 fmi3:2.25 fmh:1.06 fmh2:10 fmh3:0.1 ]",
+  "[ 19/8 → 5/2 | s:sine note:F1 fmi:4 fmi2:3.346026562154293 fmi3:2.375 fmh:1.06 fmh2:10 fmh3:0.1 ]",
+  "[ 5/2 → 21/8 | s:sine note:F1 fmi:4 fmi2:1.8344642966985703 fmi3:2.5 fmh:1.06 fmh2:10 fmh3:0.1 ]",
+  "[ 21/8 → 11/4 | s:sine note:F1 fmi:4 fmi2:0.6407739371061325 fmi3:2.625 fmh:1.06 fmh2:10 fmh3:0.1 ]",
+  "[ 11/4 → 23/8 | s:sine note:F1 fmi:4 fmi2:2.5329310819506645 fmi3:2.75 fmh:1.06 fmh2:10 fmh3:0.1 ]",
+  "[ 23/8 → 3/1 | s:sine note:F1 fmi:4 fmi2:0.06501668691635132 fmi3:2.875 fmh:1.06 fmh2:10 fmh3:0.1 ]",
+  "[ 3/1 → 25/8 | s:sine note:F1 fmi:4 fmi2:0.8691564425826073 fmi3:3 fmh:1.06 fmh2:10 fmh3:0.1 ]",
+  "[ 25/8 → 13/4 | s:sine note:F1 fmi:4 fmi2:1.3729755133390427 fmi3:3.125 fmh:1.06 fmh2:10 fmh3:0.1 ]",
+  "[ 13/4 → 27/8 | s:sine note:F1 fmi:4 fmi2:3.9694602862000465 fmi3:3.25 fmh:1.06 fmh2:10 fmh3:0.1 ]",
+  "[ 27/8 → 7/2 | s:sine note:F1 fmi:4 fmi2:1.6347672045230865 fmi3:3.375 fmh:1.06 fmh2:10 fmh3:0.1 ]",
+  "[ 7/2 → 29/8 | s:sine note:F1 fmi:4 fmi2:1.639795258641243 fmi3:3.5 fmh:1.06 fmh2:10 fmh3:0.1 ]",
+  "[ 29/8 → 15/4 | s:sine note:F1 fmi:4 fmi2:3.7565943151712418 fmi3:3.625 fmh:1.06 fmh2:10 fmh3:0.1 ]",
+  "[ 15/4 → 31/8 | s:sine note:F1 fmi:4 fmi2:3.2486692890524864 fmi3:3.75 fmh:1.06 fmh2:10 fmh3:0.1 ]",
+  "[ 31/8 → 4/1 | s:sine note:F1 fmi:4 fmi2:2.9446661546826363 fmi3:3.875 fmh:1.06 fmh2:10 fmh3:0.1 ]",
+]
+`;
+
 exports[`runs examples > example "fmsustain" example index 0 1`] = `
 [
   "[ 0/1 → 1/6 | note:c fmi:4 fmdecay:0.1 fmsustain:1 ]",
@@ -6947,6 +7126,27 @@ exports[`runs examples > example "midin" example index 0 1`] = `
 ]
 `;
 
+exports[`runs examples > example "midin" example index 1 1`] = `
+[
+  "[ 0/1 → 1/4 | note:c s:saw ]",
+  "[ 1/4 → 1/2 | note:a s:saw ]",
+  "[ 1/2 → 3/4 | note:f s:saw ]",
+  "[ 3/4 → 1/1 | note:e s:saw ]",
+  "[ 1/1 → 5/4 | note:c s:saw ]",
+  "[ 5/4 → 3/2 | note:a s:saw ]",
+  "[ 3/2 → 7/4 | note:f s:saw ]",
+  "[ 7/4 → 2/1 | note:e s:saw ]",
+  "[ 2/1 → 9/4 | note:c s:saw ]",
+  "[ 9/4 → 5/2 | note:a s:saw ]",
+  "[ 5/2 → 11/4 | note:f s:saw ]",
+  "[ 11/4 → 3/1 | note:e s:saw ]",
+  "[ 3/1 → 13/4 | note:c s:saw ]",
+  "[ 13/4 → 7/2 | note:a s:saw ]",
+  "[ 7/2 → 15/4 | note:f s:saw ]",
+  "[ 15/4 → 4/1 | note:e s:saw ]",
+]
+`;
+
 exports[`runs examples > example "midiport" example index 0 1`] = `
 [
   "[ 0/1 → 1/4 | note:c midiport:0 ]",
@@ -7791,6 +7991,51 @@ exports[`runs examples > example "penv" example index 0 1`] = `
 ]
 `;
 
+exports[`runs examples > example "per" example index 0 1`] = `
+[
+  "[ 0/1 → 1/7 | n:0 s:bd distort:3.5 ]",
+  "[ 1/7 → 3/14 | n:0 s:bd distort:7 ]",
+  "[ 3/14 → 2/7 | n:0 s:bd distort:7 ]",
+  "[ 2/7 → 3/7 | n:0 s:bd distort:3.5 ]",
+  "[ 3/7 → 1/2 | n:0 s:bd distort:7 ]",
+  "[ 1/2 → 4/7 | n:0 s:bd distort:7 ]",
+  "[ 4/7 → 5/7 | n:0 s:bd distort:3.5 ]",
+  "[ 5/7 → 17/21 | n:0 s:bd distort:5.25 ]",
+  "[ 17/21 → 19/21 | n:0 s:bd distort:5.25 ]",
+  "[ 19/21 → 1/1 | n:0 s:bd distort:5.25 ]",
+  "[ 1/1 → 8/7 | n:0 s:bd distort:3.5 ]",
+  "[ 8/7 → 17/14 | n:0 s:bd distort:7 ]",
+  "[ 17/14 → 9/7 | n:0 s:bd distort:7 ]",
+  "[ 9/7 → 10/7 | n:0 s:bd distort:3.5 ]",
+  "[ 10/7 → 3/2 | n:0 s:bd distort:7 ]",
+  "[ 3/2 → 11/7 | n:0 s:bd distort:7 ]",
+  "[ 11/7 → 12/7 | n:0 s:bd distort:3.5 ]",
+  "[ 12/7 → 38/21 | n:0 s:bd distort:5.25 ]",
+  "[ 38/21 → 40/21 | n:0 s:bd distort:5.25 ]",
+  "[ 40/21 → 2/1 | n:0 s:bd distort:5.25 ]",
+  "[ 2/1 → 15/7 | n:0 s:bd distort:3.5 ]",
+  "[ 15/7 → 31/14 | n:0 s:bd distort:7 ]",
+  "[ 31/14 → 16/7 | n:0 s:bd distort:7 ]",
+  "[ 16/7 → 17/7 | n:0 s:bd distort:3.5 ]",
+  "[ 17/7 → 5/2 | n:0 s:bd distort:7 ]",
+  "[ 5/2 → 18/7 | n:0 s:bd distort:7 ]",
+  "[ 18/7 → 19/7 | n:0 s:bd distort:3.5 ]",
+  "[ 19/7 → 59/21 | n:0 s:bd distort:5.25 ]",
+  "[ 59/21 → 61/21 | n:0 s:bd distort:5.25 ]",
+  "[ 61/21 → 3/1 | n:0 s:bd distort:5.25 ]",
+  "[ 3/1 → 22/7 | n:0 s:bd distort:3.5 ]",
+  "[ 22/7 → 45/14 | n:0 s:bd distort:7 ]",
+  "[ 45/14 → 23/7 | n:0 s:bd distort:7 ]",
+  "[ 23/7 → 24/7 | n:0 s:bd distort:3.5 ]",
+  "[ 24/7 → 7/2 | n:0 s:bd distort:7 ]",
+  "[ 7/2 → 25/7 | n:0 s:bd distort:7 ]",
+  "[ 25/7 → 26/7 | n:0 s:bd distort:3.5 ]",
+  "[ 26/7 → 80/21 | n:0 s:bd distort:5.25 ]",
+  "[ 80/21 → 82/21 | n:0 s:bd distort:5.25 ]",
+  "[ 82/21 → 4/1 | n:0 s:bd distort:5.25 ]",
+]
+`;
+
 exports[`runs examples > example "perlin" example index 0 1`] = `
 [
   "[ 0/1 → 1/8 | s:hh cutoff:500 ]",
@@ -9064,6 +9309,43 @@ exports[`runs examples > example "ratio" example index 0 1`] = `
 ]
 `;
 
+exports[`runs examples > example "register" example index 0 1`] = `
+[
+  "[ 0/1 → 1/8 | s:saw velocity:0 cutoff:0 ]",
+  "[ 1/8 → 1/4 | s:saw velocity:0.6852155700325966 cutoff:548.1724560260773 ]",
+  "[ 1/4 → 3/8 | s:saw velocity:0.36975969187915325 cutoff:295.8077535033226 ]",
+  "[ 3/8 → 1/2 | s:saw velocity:0.40139251574873924 cutoff:321.1140125989914 ]",
+  "[ 1/2 → 5/8 | s:saw velocity:0.2604806162416935 cutoff:208.3844929933548 ]",
+  "[ 5/8 → 3/4 | s:saw velocity:0.1356358677148819 cutoff:108.50869417190552 ]",
+  "[ 3/4 → 7/8 | s:saw velocity:0.19582648016512394 cutoff:156.66118413209915 ]",
+  "[ 7/8 → 1/1 | s:saw velocity:0.3976310808211565 cutoff:318.1048646569252 ]",
+  "[ 1/1 → 9/8 | s:saw velocity:0.5195421651005745 cutoff:415.6337320804596 ]",
+  "[ 9/8 → 5/4 | s:saw velocity:0.6724895145744085 cutoff:537.9916116595268 ]",
+  "[ 5/4 → 11/8 | s:saw velocity:0.7287282031029463 cutoff:582.982562482357 ]",
+  "[ 11/8 → 3/2 | s:saw velocity:0.18280375190079212 cutoff:146.2430015206337 ]",
+  "[ 3/2 → 13/8 | s:saw velocity:0.6084080748260021 cutoff:486.7264598608017 ]",
+  "[ 13/8 → 7/4 | s:saw velocity:0.49675471149384975 cutoff:397.4037691950798 ]",
+  "[ 7/4 → 15/8 | s:saw velocity:0.20473789609968662 cutoff:163.7903168797493 ]",
+  "[ 15/8 → 2/1 | s:saw velocity:0.5945571791380644 cutoff:475.6457433104515 ]",
+  "[ 2/1 → 17/8 | s:saw velocity:0.9595271199941635 cutoff:767.6216959953308 ]",
+  "[ 17/8 → 9/4 | s:saw velocity:0.9033902939409018 cutoff:722.7122351527214 ]",
+  "[ 9/4 → 19/8 | s:saw velocity:0.34548251144587994 cutoff:276.38600915670395 ]",
+  "[ 19/8 → 5/2 | s:saw velocity:0.8365066405385733 cutoff:669.2053124308586 ]",
+  "[ 5/2 → 21/8 | s:saw velocity:0.45861607417464256 cutoff:366.89285933971405 ]",
+  "[ 21/8 → 11/4 | s:saw velocity:0.16019348427653313 cutoff:128.1547874212265 ]",
+  "[ 11/4 → 23/8 | s:saw velocity:0.6332327704876661 cutoff:506.5862163901329 ]",
+  "[ 23/8 → 3/1 | s:saw velocity:0.01625417172908783 cutoff:13.003337383270264 ]",
+  "[ 3/1 → 25/8 | s:saw velocity:0.21728911064565182 cutoff:173.83128851652145 ]",
+  "[ 25/8 → 13/4 | s:saw velocity:0.34324387833476067 cutoff:274.59510266780853 ]",
+  "[ 13/4 → 27/8 | s:saw velocity:0.9923650715500116 cutoff:793.8920572400093 ]",
+  "[ 27/8 → 7/2 | s:saw velocity:0.40869180113077164 cutoff:326.9534409046173 ]",
+  "[ 7/2 → 29/8 | s:saw velocity:0.40994881466031075 cutoff:327.9590517282486 ]",
+  "[ 29/8 → 15/4 | s:saw velocity:0.9391485787928104 cutoff:751.3188630342484 ]",
+  "[ 15/4 → 31/8 | s:saw velocity:0.8121673222631216 cutoff:649.7338578104973 ]",
+  "[ 31/8 → 4/1 | s:saw velocity:0.7361665386706591 cutoff:588.9332309365273 ]",
+]
+`;
+
 exports[`runs examples > example "release" example index 0 1`] = `
 [
   "[ 0/1 → 1/4 | note:c3 release:0 ]",
@@ -9256,6 +9538,19 @@ exports[`runs examples > example "rev" example index 0 1`] = `
 ]
 `;
 
+exports[`runs examples > example "revv" example index 0 1`] = `
+[
+  "[ 0/1 → 1/2 | note:g ]",
+  "[ 1/2 → 1/1 | note:e ]",
+  "[ 1/1 → 3/2 | note:d ]",
+  "[ 3/2 → 2/1 | note:c ]",
+  "[ 2/1 → 5/2 | note:g ]",
+  "[ 5/2 → 3/1 | note:e ]",
+  "[ 3/1 → 7/2 | note:d ]",
+  "[ 7/2 → 4/1 | note:c ]",
+]
+`;
+
 exports[`runs examples > example "ribbon" example index 0 1`] = `
 [
   "[ 0/1 → 1/1 | note:d ]",
@@ -9672,42 +9967,6 @@ exports[`runs examples > example "samples" example index 1 1`] = `
 ]
 `;
 
-exports[`runs examples > example "samples" example index 2 1`] = `
-[
-  "[ 0/1 → 1/2 | s:noise ]",
-  "[ 1/2 → 3/4 | s:chimp n:0 ]",
-  "[ 3/4 → 1/1 | s:chimp n:0 ]",
-  "[ 1/1 → 3/2 | s:noise ]",
-  "[ 3/2 → 2/1 | s:chimp n:1 ]",
-  "[ 2/1 → 5/2 | s:noise ]",
-  "[ 5/2 → 11/4 | s:chimp n:0 ]",
-  "[ 11/4 → 3/1 | s:chimp n:0 ]",
-  "[ 3/1 → 7/2 | s:noise ]",
-  "[ 7/2 → 4/1 | s:chimp n:1 ]",
-]
-`;
-
-exports[`runs examples > example "samples" example index 3 1`] = `
-[
-  "[ 0/1 → 1/4 | s:chocolat ]",
-  "[ 1/4 → 1/2 | s:chocolat ]",
-  "[ 1/2 → 3/4 | s:chocolat ]",
-  "[ 3/4 → 1/1 | s:chocolat ]",
-  "[ 1/1 → 5/4 | s:chocolat ]",
-  "[ 5/4 → 3/2 | s:chocolat ]",
-  "[ 3/2 → 7/4 | s:chocolat ]",
-  "[ 7/4 → 2/1 | s:chocolat ]",
-  "[ 2/1 → 9/4 | s:chocolat ]",
-  "[ 9/4 → 5/2 | s:chocolat ]",
-  "[ 5/2 → 11/4 | s:chocolat ]",
-  "[ 11/4 → 3/1 | s:chocolat ]",
-  "[ 3/1 → 13/4 | s:chocolat ]",
-  "[ 13/4 → 7/2 | s:chocolat ]",
-  "[ 7/2 → 15/4 | s:chocolat ]",
-  "[ 15/4 → 4/1 | s:chocolat ]",
-]
-`;
-
 exports[`runs examples > example "saw" example index 0 1`] = `
 [
   "[ 0/1 → 1/8 | note:c3 clip:0 ]",
@@ -11712,6 +11971,75 @@ exports[`runs examples > example "sysexid" example index 0 1`] = `
 ]
 `;
 
+exports[`runs examples > example "tag" example index 0 1`] = `
+[
+  "[ 0/1 → 1/16 | s:square note:F1 cutoff:40 lpenv:5 resonance:4 lpdecay:0.15 ]",
+  "[ 1/16 → 1/8 | s:square note:F1 cutoff:41.25 lpenv:5 resonance:4 lpdecay:0.15 ]",
+  "[ 1/8 → 3/16 | s:square note:F1 cutoff:42.5 lpenv:5 resonance:4 lpdecay:0.15 ]",
+  "[ 3/16 → 1/4 | s:square note:F1 cutoff:43.75 lpenv:5 resonance:4 lpdecay:0.15 ]",
+  "[ 1/4 → 5/16 | s:square note:F1 cutoff:45 lpenv:5 resonance:4 lpdecay:0.15 ]",
+  "[ 5/16 → 3/8 | s:square note:F1 cutoff:46.25 lpenv:5 resonance:4 lpdecay:0.15 ]",
+  "[ 3/8 → 7/16 | s:square note:F1 cutoff:47.5 lpenv:5 resonance:4 lpdecay:0.15 ]",
+  "[ 7/16 → 1/2 | s:square note:F1 cutoff:48.75 lpenv:5 resonance:4 lpdecay:0.15 ]",
+  "[ 1/2 → 9/16 | s:square note:F1 cutoff:50 lpenv:5 resonance:4 lpdecay:0.15 ]",
+  "[ 9/16 → 5/8 | s:square note:F1 cutoff:51.25 lpenv:5 resonance:4 lpdecay:0.15 ]",
+  "[ 5/8 → 11/16 | s:square note:F1 cutoff:52.5 lpenv:5 resonance:4 lpdecay:0.15 ]",
+  "[ 11/16 → 3/4 | s:square note:F1 cutoff:53.75 lpenv:5 resonance:4 lpdecay:0.15 ]",
+  "[ 3/4 → 13/16 | s:square note:F1 cutoff:55 lpenv:5 resonance:4 lpdecay:0.15 ]",
+  "[ 13/16 → 7/8 | s:square note:F1 cutoff:56.25 lpenv:5 resonance:4 lpdecay:0.15 ]",
+  "[ 7/8 → 15/16 | s:square note:F1 cutoff:57.5 lpenv:5 resonance:4 lpdecay:0.15 ]",
+  "[ 15/16 → 1/1 | s:square note:F1 cutoff:58.75 lpenv:5 resonance:4 lpdecay:0.15 ]",
+  "[ 1/1 → 17/16 | s:saw note:F2 cutoff:60 lpenv:5 resonance:4 lpdecay:0.15 ]",
+  "[ 17/16 → 9/8 | s:saw note:F2 cutoff:61.25 lpenv:5 resonance:4 lpdecay:0.15 ]",
+  "[ 9/8 → 19/16 | s:saw note:F2 cutoff:62.5 lpenv:5 resonance:4 lpdecay:0.15 ]",
+  "[ 19/16 → 5/4 | s:saw note:F2 cutoff:63.75 lpenv:5 resonance:4 lpdecay:0.15 ]",
+  "[ 5/4 → 21/16 | s:saw note:F2 cutoff:65 lpenv:5 resonance:4 lpdecay:0.15 ]",
+  "[ 21/16 → 11/8 | s:saw note:F2 cutoff:66.25 lpenv:5 resonance:4 lpdecay:0.15 ]",
+  "[ 11/8 → 23/16 | s:saw note:F2 cutoff:67.5 lpenv:5 resonance:4 lpdecay:0.15 ]",
+  "[ 23/16 → 3/2 | s:saw note:F2 cutoff:68.75 lpenv:5 resonance:4 lpdecay:0.15 ]",
+  "[ 3/2 → 25/16 | s:saw note:F2 cutoff:70 lpenv:5 resonance:4 lpdecay:0.15 ]",
+  "[ 25/16 → 13/8 | s:saw note:F2 cutoff:71.25 lpenv:5 resonance:4 lpdecay:0.15 ]",
+  "[ 13/8 → 27/16 | s:saw note:F2 cutoff:72.5 lpenv:5 resonance:4 lpdecay:0.15 ]",
+  "[ 27/16 → 7/4 | s:saw note:F2 cutoff:73.75 lpenv:5 resonance:4 lpdecay:0.15 ]",
+  "[ 7/4 → 29/16 | s:saw note:F2 cutoff:75 lpenv:5 resonance:4 lpdecay:0.15 ]",
+  "[ 29/16 → 15/8 | s:saw note:F2 cutoff:76.25 lpenv:5 resonance:4 lpdecay:0.15 ]",
+  "[ 15/8 → 31/16 | s:saw note:F2 cutoff:77.5 lpenv:5 resonance:4 lpdecay:0.15 ]",
+  "[ 31/16 → 2/1 | s:saw note:F2 cutoff:78.75 lpenv:5 resonance:4 lpdecay:0.15 ]",
+  "[ 2/1 → 33/16 | s:saw note:F1 cutoff:80 lpenv:5 resonance:4 lpdecay:0.15 ]",
+  "[ 33/16 → 17/8 | s:saw note:F1 cutoff:78.75 lpenv:5 resonance:4 lpdecay:0.15 ]",
+  "[ 17/8 → 35/16 | s:saw note:F1 cutoff:77.5 lpenv:5 resonance:4 lpdecay:0.15 ]",
+  "[ 35/16 → 9/4 | s:saw note:F1 cutoff:76.25 lpenv:5 resonance:4 lpdecay:0.15 ]",
+  "[ 9/4 → 37/16 | s:saw note:F1 cutoff:75 lpenv:5 resonance:4 lpdecay:0.15 ]",
+  "[ 37/16 → 19/8 | s:saw note:F1 cutoff:73.75 lpenv:5 resonance:4 lpdecay:0.15 ]",
+  "[ 19/8 → 39/16 | s:saw note:F1 cutoff:72.5 lpenv:5 resonance:4 lpdecay:0.15 ]",
+  "[ 39/16 → 5/2 | s:saw note:F1 cutoff:71.25 lpenv:5 resonance:4 lpdecay:0.15 ]",
+  "[ 5/2 → 41/16 | s:saw note:F1 cutoff:70 lpenv:5 resonance:4 lpdecay:0.15 ]",
+  "[ 41/16 → 21/8 | s:saw note:F1 cutoff:68.75 lpenv:5 resonance:4 lpdecay:0.15 ]",
+  "[ 21/8 → 43/16 | s:saw note:F1 cutoff:67.5 lpenv:5 resonance:4 lpdecay:0.15 ]",
+  "[ 43/16 → 11/4 | s:saw note:F1 cutoff:66.25 lpenv:5 resonance:4 lpdecay:0.15 ]",
+  "[ 11/4 → 45/16 | s:saw note:F1 cutoff:65 lpenv:5 resonance:4 lpdecay:0.15 ]",
+  "[ 45/16 → 23/8 | s:saw note:F1 cutoff:63.75 lpenv:5 resonance:4 lpdecay:0.15 ]",
+  "[ 23/8 → 47/16 | s:saw note:F1 cutoff:62.5 lpenv:5 resonance:4 lpdecay:0.15 ]",
+  "[ 47/16 → 3/1 | s:saw note:F1 cutoff:61.25 lpenv:5 resonance:4 lpdecay:0.15 ]",
+  "[ 3/1 → 49/16 | s:square note:F1 cutoff:60 lpenv:5 resonance:4 lpdecay:0.15 ]",
+  "[ 49/16 → 25/8 | s:square note:F1 cutoff:58.75 lpenv:5 resonance:4 lpdecay:0.15 ]",
+  "[ 25/8 → 51/16 | s:square note:F1 cutoff:57.5 lpenv:5 resonance:4 lpdecay:0.15 ]",
+  "[ 51/16 → 13/4 | s:square note:F1 cutoff:56.25 lpenv:5 resonance:4 lpdecay:0.15 ]",
+  "[ 13/4 → 53/16 | s:square note:F1 cutoff:55 lpenv:5 resonance:4 lpdecay:0.15 ]",
+  "[ 53/16 → 27/8 | s:square note:F1 cutoff:53.75 lpenv:5 resonance:4 lpdecay:0.15 ]",
+  "[ 27/8 → 55/16 | s:square note:F1 cutoff:52.5 lpenv:5 resonance:4 lpdecay:0.15 ]",
+  "[ 55/16 → 7/2 | s:square note:F1 cutoff:51.25 lpenv:5 resonance:4 lpdecay:0.15 ]",
+  "[ 7/2 → 57/16 | s:square note:F1 cutoff:50 lpenv:5 resonance:4 lpdecay:0.15 ]",
+  "[ 57/16 → 29/8 | s:square note:F1 cutoff:48.75 lpenv:5 resonance:4 lpdecay:0.15 ]",
+  "[ 29/8 → 59/16 | s:square note:F1 cutoff:47.5 lpenv:5 resonance:4 lpdecay:0.15 ]",
+  "[ 59/16 → 15/4 | s:square note:F1 cutoff:46.25 lpenv:5 resonance:4 lpdecay:0.15 ]",
+  "[ 15/4 → 61/16 | s:square note:F1 cutoff:45 lpenv:5 resonance:4 lpdecay:0.15 ]",
+  "[ 61/16 → 31/8 | s:square note:F1 cutoff:43.75 lpenv:5 resonance:4 lpdecay:0.15 ]",
+  "[ 31/8 → 63/16 | s:square note:F1 cutoff:42.5 lpenv:5 resonance:4 lpdecay:0.15 ]",
+  "[ 63/16 → 4/1 | s:square note:F1 cutoff:41.25 lpenv:5 resonance:4 lpdecay:0.15 ]",
+]
+`;
+
 exports[`runs examples > example "take" example index 0 1`] = `
 [
   "[ 0/1 → 1/2 | s:bd ]",
@@ -11824,6 +12152,84 @@ exports[`runs examples > example "tour" example index 0 1`] = `
 ]
 `;
 
+exports[`runs examples > example "transient" example index 0 1`] = `
+[
+  "[ 0/1 → 1/1 | s:bd transient:-1 ]",
+  "[ 1/1 → 2/1 | s:bd transient:-0.5 ]",
+  "[ 2/1 → 3/1 | s:bd transient:0 ]",
+  "[ 3/1 → 4/1 | s:bd transient:0.5 ]",
+]
+`;
+
+exports[`runs examples > example "transient" example index 1 1`] = `
+[
+  "[ 0/1 → 1/16 | s:hh bank:tr909 transient:-1 transsustain:1 ]",
+  "[ 1/16 → 1/8 | s:hh bank:tr909 transient:-1 transsustain:1 ]",
+  "[ 1/8 → 3/16 | s:hh bank:tr909 transient:-1 transsustain:1 ]",
+  "[ 3/16 → 1/4 | s:hh bank:tr909 transient:-1 transsustain:1 ]",
+  "[ 1/4 → 5/16 | s:hh bank:tr909 transient:-1 transsustain:1 ]",
+  "[ 5/16 → 3/8 | s:hh bank:tr909 transient:-1 transsustain:1 ]",
+  "[ 3/8 → 7/16 | s:hh bank:tr909 transient:-1 transsustain:1 ]",
+  "[ 7/16 → 1/2 | s:hh bank:tr909 transient:-1 transsustain:1 ]",
+  "[ 1/2 → 9/16 | s:hh bank:tr909 transient:-1 transsustain:1 ]",
+  "[ 9/16 → 5/8 | s:hh bank:tr909 transient:-1 transsustain:1 ]",
+  "[ 5/8 → 11/16 | s:hh bank:tr909 transient:-1 transsustain:1 ]",
+  "[ 11/16 → 3/4 | s:hh bank:tr909 transient:-1 transsustain:1 ]",
+  "[ 3/4 → 13/16 | s:hh bank:tr909 transient:-1 transsustain:1 ]",
+  "[ 13/16 → 7/8 | s:hh bank:tr909 transient:-1 transsustain:1 ]",
+  "[ 7/8 → 15/16 | s:hh bank:tr909 transient:-1 transsustain:1 ]",
+  "[ 15/16 → 1/1 | s:hh bank:tr909 transient:-1 transsustain:1 ]",
+  "[ 1/1 → 17/16 | s:hh bank:tr909 transient:1 transsustain:-1 ]",
+  "[ 17/16 → 9/8 | s:hh bank:tr909 transient:1 transsustain:-1 ]",
+  "[ 9/8 → 19/16 | s:hh bank:tr909 transient:1 transsustain:-1 ]",
+  "[ 19/16 → 5/4 | s:hh bank:tr909 transient:1 transsustain:-1 ]",
+  "[ 5/4 → 21/16 | s:hh bank:tr909 transient:1 transsustain:-1 ]",
+  "[ 21/16 → 11/8 | s:hh bank:tr909 transient:1 transsustain:-1 ]",
+  "[ 11/8 → 23/16 | s:hh bank:tr909 transient:1 transsustain:-1 ]",
+  "[ 23/16 → 3/2 | s:hh bank:tr909 transient:1 transsustain:-1 ]",
+  "[ 3/2 → 25/16 | s:hh bank:tr909 transient:1 transsustain:-1 ]",
+  "[ 25/16 → 13/8 | s:hh bank:tr909 transient:1 transsustain:-1 ]",
+  "[ 13/8 → 27/16 | s:hh bank:tr909 transient:1 transsustain:-1 ]",
+  "[ 27/16 → 7/4 | s:hh bank:tr909 transient:1 transsustain:-1 ]",
+  "[ 7/4 → 29/16 | s:hh bank:tr909 transient:1 transsustain:-1 ]",
+  "[ 29/16 → 15/8 | s:hh bank:tr909 transient:1 transsustain:-1 ]",
+  "[ 15/8 → 31/16 | s:hh bank:tr909 transient:1 transsustain:-1 ]",
+  "[ 31/16 → 2/1 | s:hh bank:tr909 transient:1 transsustain:-1 ]",
+  "[ 2/1 → 33/16 | s:hh bank:tr909 transient:-1 transsustain:1 ]",
+  "[ 33/16 → 17/8 | s:hh bank:tr909 transient:-1 transsustain:1 ]",
+  "[ 17/8 → 35/16 | s:hh bank:tr909 transient:-1 transsustain:1 ]",
+  "[ 35/16 → 9/4 | s:hh bank:tr909 transient:-1 transsustain:1 ]",
+  "[ 9/4 → 37/16 | s:hh bank:tr909 transient:-1 transsustain:1 ]",
+  "[ 37/16 → 19/8 | s:hh bank:tr909 transient:-1 transsustain:1 ]",
+  "[ 19/8 → 39/16 | s:hh bank:tr909 transient:-1 transsustain:1 ]",
+  "[ 39/16 → 5/2 | s:hh bank:tr909 transient:-1 transsustain:1 ]",
+  "[ 5/2 → 41/16 | s:hh bank:tr909 transient:-1 transsustain:1 ]",
+  "[ 41/16 → 21/8 | s:hh bank:tr909 transient:-1 transsustain:1 ]",
+  "[ 21/8 → 43/16 | s:hh bank:tr909 transient:-1 transsustain:1 ]",
+  "[ 43/16 → 11/4 | s:hh bank:tr909 transient:-1 transsustain:1 ]",
+  "[ 11/4 → 45/16 | s:hh bank:tr909 transient:-1 transsustain:1 ]",
+  "[ 45/16 → 23/8 | s:hh bank:tr909 transient:-1 transsustain:1 ]",
+  "[ 23/8 → 47/16 | s:hh bank:tr909 transient:-1 transsustain:1 ]",
+  "[ 47/16 → 3/1 | s:hh bank:tr909 transient:-1 transsustain:1 ]",
+  "[ 3/1 → 49/16 | s:hh bank:tr909 transient:1 transsustain:-1 ]",
+  "[ 49/16 → 25/8 | s:hh bank:tr909 transient:1 transsustain:-1 ]",
+  "[ 25/8 → 51/16 | s:hh bank:tr909 transient:1 transsustain:-1 ]",
+  "[ 51/16 → 13/4 | s:hh bank:tr909 transient:1 transsustain:-1 ]",
+  "[ 13/4 → 53/16 | s:hh bank:tr909 transient:1 transsustain:-1 ]",
+  "[ 53/16 → 27/8 | s:hh bank:tr909 transient:1 transsustain:-1 ]",
+  "[ 27/8 → 55/16 | s:hh bank:tr909 transient:1 transsustain:-1 ]",
+  "[ 55/16 → 7/2 | s:hh bank:tr909 transient:1 transsustain:-1 ]",
+  "[ 7/2 → 57/16 | s:hh bank:tr909 transient:1 transsustain:-1 ]",
+  "[ 57/16 → 29/8 | s:hh bank:tr909 transient:1 transsustain:-1 ]",
+  "[ 29/8 → 59/16 | s:hh bank:tr909 transient:1 transsustain:-1 ]",
+  "[ 59/16 → 15/4 | s:hh bank:tr909 transient:1 transsustain:-1 ]",
+  "[ 15/4 → 61/16 | s:hh bank:tr909 transient:1 transsustain:-1 ]",
+  "[ 61/16 → 31/8 | s:hh bank:tr909 transient:1 transsustain:-1 ]",
+  "[ 31/8 → 63/16 | s:hh bank:tr909 transient:1 transsustain:-1 ]",
+  "[ 63/16 → 4/1 | s:hh bank:tr909 transient:1 transsustain:-1 ]",
+]
+`;
+
 exports[`runs examples > example "transpose" example index 0 1`] = `
 [
   "[ 0/1 → 1/4 | note:C2 ]",