Merge branch 'glossing/basic-node-pool' into glossing/full-node-pool

Use setvalueattime to pin values and prevent bleed
Working version
2026-07-13 22:35:15 -04:00 · 2025-12-04 22:52:57 -06:00 · 2025-12-04 22:50:28 -06:00 · 2025-12-04 22:12:54 -06:00 · 2025-12-04 21:41:52 -06:00 · 2025-12-04 21:33:33 -06:00
151 changed files with 15258 additions and 8032 deletions
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+name: Build and Deploy to beta (warm.strudel.cc)
+
+on: [workflow_dispatch]
+
+# Allow one concurrent deployment
+concurrency:
+  group: "pages"
+  cancel-in-progress: true
+
+jobs:
+  build:
+    runs-on: docker
+    env:
+      SSH_PRIVATE_KEY: ${{ secrets.SSH_PRIVATE_KEY }}
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: pnpm/action-setup@v4
+        with:
+          version: 9.12.2
+      - uses: actions/setup-node@v4
+        with:
+          node-version: 20
+          # cache: "pnpm"
+      - name: Install Dependencies
+        run: pnpm install
+
+      - name: Build
+        run: pnpm build
+
+      - name: Deploy
+        run: |
+          eval $(ssh-agent -s)
+          echo "$SSH_PRIVATE_KEY" | ssh-add -
+          apt update && apt install -y rsync
+          mkdir ~/.ssh
+          ssh-keyscan matrix.toplap.org  > ~/.ssh/known_hosts
+          rsync -atv --delete --delete-after --progress ./website/dist/ strudel@matrix.toplap.org:/home/strudel/deploy/warm.strudel.cc
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-name: Build and Deploy
+name: Build and Deploy to live (strudel.cc)

 on: [workflow_dispatch]

@@ -34,4 +34,4 @@ jobs:
          apt update && apt install -y rsync
          mkdir ~/.ssh
          ssh-keyscan matrix.toplap.org  > ~/.ssh/known_hosts
-          rsync -atv --delete --delete-after --progress ./website/dist/ strudel@matrix.toplap.org:/home/strudel/deploy
+          rsync -atv --delete --delete-after --progress ./website/dist/ strudel@matrix.toplap.org:/home/strudel/deploy/strudel.cc
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 name: Strudel tests

-on: [push]
+on: [push, pull_request]

 jobs:
  build:
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ jobs:
      - uses: actions/setup-node@v4
        with:
          node-version: ${{ matrix.node-version }}
-          cache: 'pnpm'
+          cache: "pnpm"
      - run: pnpm install
      - run: pnpm run format-check
      - run: pnpm run lint
@@ -45,6 +45,20 @@ tidal-drum-machines
 webaudiofontdata
 src-tauri/target

+
+
+### BEGIN Visual Studio Code ###
+# Blanket, recursive exclude for .vscode directory and files
+.vscode/**/*
+# Unexclude specific files and directories within .vscode
+!.vscode/settings.json
+!.vscode/tasks.json
+!.vscode/launch.json
+!.vscode/extensions.json
+### END Visual Studio Code ###
+
+
+
 # BEGIN JetBrains -> END JetBrains

 # for JetBrains IDE users, e.g. WebStorm. Source: https://github.com/github/gitignore/blob/main/Global/JetBrains.gitignore
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+22
@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+# changelog
+
+NOTE: you can generate this with `node warm.js`. it might still not be perfectly sorted...
+
+## november 2025
+
+- 2025-11-27T22:03:53+01:00 [perf] in `noise`, let noiseMix do the disconnect when it exists by jeromew in: [#1783](https://codeberg.org/uzu/strudel/pulls/1783) 
+- 2025-11-27T22:01:01+01:00 Bug Fix: Retries for sounds tab by glossing in: [#1754](https://codeberg.org/uzu/strudel/pulls/1754) 
+- 2025-11-27T20:36:46+01:00 [hydra] return the hydra object when await initHydra(..) is called by jeromew in: [#1784](https://codeberg.org/uzu/strudel/pulls/1784) 
+- 2025-11-27T20:36:14+01:00 Use errorLogger for query and tonal errors by glossing in: [#1782](https://codeberg.org/uzu/strudel/pulls/1782) 
+- 2025-11-27T20:27:10+01:00 [perf] level 5 `connect-leak` on `vowel` by jeromew in: [#1779](https://codeberg.org/uzu/strudel/pulls/1779) 
+- 2025-11-26T08:23:38+01:00 feat: add prebake script import button for loading .strudel files by daslyfe in: [#1774](https://codeberg.org/uzu/strudel/pulls/1774) 
+- 2025-11-26T07:39:28+01:00 Fix Sampler port trampling by Dayglo in: [#1717](https://codeberg.org/uzu/strudel/pulls/1717) 
+- 2025-11-25T20:59:09+01:00 Feat: Hook up octave and fix example by glossing in: [#1773](https://codeberg.org/uzu/strudel/pulls/1773) 
+- 2025-11-25T20:48:09+01:00 [perf] fix `connect-leak` in `tremolo` param by jeromew in: [#1780](https://codeberg.org/uzu/strudel/pulls/1780) 
+- 2025-11-24T17:51:20+01:00 filter modulation improvements! by daslyfe in: [#1769](https://codeberg.org/uzu/strudel/pulls/1769) 
+- 2025-11-24T01:20:53+01:00 Add o as a synonym for orbit by daslyfe in: [#1766](https://codeberg.org/uzu/strudel/pulls/1766) 
+- 2025-11-23T22:23:26+01:00 [perf] fix `connect-leak` in `fm` modulation by jeromew in: [#1758](https://codeberg.org/uzu/strudel/pulls/1758) 
+- 2025-11-23T09:47:24+01:00 Fix interoperability issue between `all` and `await initHydra()` by jeromew in: [#1663](https://codeberg.org/uzu/strudel/pulls/1663) 
+- 2025-11-23T04:23:06+01:00 Bug fix: Swap l/r gains with temp variable by glossing in: [#1768](https://codeberg.org/uzu/strudel/pulls/1768) 
+- 2025-11-23T00:52:28+01:00 FIX: prevent LFO filter modulation from popping from negative values by daslyfe in: [#1767](https://codeberg.org/uzu/strudel/pulls/1767) 
+- 2025-11-21T01:56:11+01:00 Bug Fix: Use frac due to negative frequencies from FM by glossing in: [#1759](https://codeberg.org/uzu/strudel/pulls/1759) 
+- 2025-11-20T19:48:16+01:00 [perf] fix `connect-leak` added by #1742 when noise() is not used by jeromew in: [#1757](https://codeberg.org/uzu/strudel/pulls/1757) 
+- 2025-11-20T14:51:00+01:00 [perf] fix `connect-leak` in `delay` effect by jeromew in: [#1755](https://codeberg.org/uzu/strudel/pulls/1755) 
+- 2025-11-20T14:49:41+01:00 [perf] fix `connect leak` when .noise() is in the mix by jeromew in: [#1742](https://codeberg.org/uzu/strudel/pulls/1742) 
+- 2025-11-18T23:52:45+01:00 wchooseCycles has now notes in an example by scrappy_fiddler in: [#1748](https://codeberg.org/uzu/strudel/pulls/1748) 
+- 2025-11-17T05:31:54+01:00 Feature: Partials by glossing in: [#1659](https://codeberg.org/uzu/strudel/pulls/1659) 
+- 2025-11-16T22:06:14+01:00 README: update superdough documentation by TristanMlct in: [#1741](https://codeberg.org/uzu/strudel/pulls/1741) 
+- 2025-11-16T21:08:54+01:00 Worklet optimizations by glossing in: [#1730](https://codeberg.org/uzu/strudel/pulls/1730) 
+- 2025-11-15T14:59:30+01:00 [perf] disconnect Offline AudioNode connections in generateReverb by jeromew in: [#1740](https://codeberg.org/uzu/strudel/pulls/1740) 
+- 2025-11-15T14:57:47+01:00 [perf] disconnect `send` effect AudioNode when `room` is used by jeromew in: [#1736](https://codeberg.org/uzu/strudel/pulls/1736) 
+- 2025-11-12T21:22:34+01:00 [supradough] fix: unstable filter by froos in: [#1593](https://codeberg.org/uzu/strudel/pulls/1593) 
+- 2025-11-12T21:12:07+01:00 Fix link syntax in `project-start` by Kissaki in: [#1724](https://codeberg.org/uzu/strudel/pulls/1724) 
+- 2025-11-12T21:06:13+01:00 Fix web README sample code by Kissaki in: [#1725](https://codeberg.org/uzu/strudel/pulls/1725) 
+- 2025-11-12T20:59:39+01:00 Fix typo: 'studel' -> 'strudel' by drhayes in: [#1726](https://codeberg.org/uzu/strudel/pulls/1726) 
+- 2025-11-12T15:23:41+01:00 fix for node 24 support in tests - #1718 by ausav in: [#1719](https://codeberg.org/uzu/strudel/pulls/1719) 
+- 2025-11-11T09:00:49+01:00 soundAlias example fix by PepsiiMan in: [#1720](https://codeberg.org/uzu/strudel/pulls/1720)
+- 2025-11-10T08:18:36+01:00 fix: Make Supradough package build by munshkr in: [#1711](https://codeberg.org/uzu/strudel/pulls/1711) 
+- 2025-11-10T08:18:00+01:00 added docs for spaces in scale names by ondras in: [#1715](https://codeberg.org/uzu/strudel/pulls/1715) 
+- 2025-11-10T02:44:01+01:00 Feature: LFOs for Filters by glossing in: [#1636](https://codeberg.org/uzu/strudel/pulls/1636)
+- 2025-11-05T17:07:00+01:00 improvement: sync midi messages to audio context clock by daslyfe in: [#1708](https://codeberg.org/uzu/strudel/pulls/1708) 
+- 2025-11-04T19:36:14+01:00 Add stick button mappings to gamepad implementation and improve docs by kaosuryoko in: [#1696](https://codeberg.org/uzu/strudel/pulls/1696) 
+- 2025-11-04T19:29:35+01:00 Refactor sound stopping and triggering logic in SoundsTab component by IJOL in: [#1688](https://codeberg.org/uzu/strudel/pulls/1688) 
+- 2025-11-04T19:13:21+01:00 Add setting to toggle pattern auto-start on pattern change by moumar in: [#1690](https://codeberg.org/uzu/strudel/pulls/1690) 
+- 2025-11-04T18:58:50+01:00 Voicings JSDoc by sharkeys_lunchbox in: [#1686](https://codeberg.org/uzu/strudel/pulls/1686)
+- 2025-11-01T07:50:40+01:00 FIX: Loading local samples uses too much memory by daslyfe in: [#1706](https://codeberg.org/uzu/strudel/pulls/1706) 
+
+ 
+## october 2025
+
+- 2025-10-28T22:58:24+01:00 Bug Fix: Handle scale-for-notes when n also supplied by glossing in: [#1625](https://codeberg.org/uzu/strudel/pulls/1625) 
+- 2025-10-28T22:51:16+01:00 Repurpose vim shortcuts for usability by dtricks in: [#1624](https://codeberg.org/uzu/strudel/pulls/1624) 
+- 2025-10-28T22:35:21+01:00 Add support for euclidian in mondo with `bd&3:8` by TristanCacqueray in: [#1630](https://codeberg.org/uzu/strudel/pulls/1630)
+- 2025-10-27T10:42:07+01:00 Use bunny cdn for all samples and json files by yaxu in: [#1701](https://codeberg.org/uzu/strudel/pulls/1701) 
+- 2025-10-26T22:52:54+01:00 degithub - switch some samples to bunnycdn by yaxu in: [#1697](https://codeberg.org/uzu/strudel/pulls/1697) 
+- 2025-10-26T17:09:22+01:00 Fix ZZFX example by moumar in: [#1685](https://codeberg.org/uzu/strudel/pulls/1685) 
+- 2025-10-23T15:56:04+02:00 Make osc port and host configurable. Changes dependencies. by yaxu in: [#1682](https://codeberg.org/uzu/strudel/pulls/1682) 
+- 2025-10-23T03:47:31+02:00 Adds back shape to superdough by glossing in: [#1672](https://codeberg.org/uzu/strudel/pulls/1672) 
+- 2025-10-22T22:15:19+02:00 Fix sampler.mjs githubPath by jeromew in: [#1684](https://codeberg.org/uzu/strudel/pulls/1684) 
+- 2025-10-22T16:20:50+02:00 Fix onPaint for widgets by yaxu in: [#1658](https://codeberg.org/uzu/strudel/pulls/1658) 
+- 2025-10-22T15:19:12+02:00 Fix a bug introduced by #4e17cfbdd6 by milliganf in: [#1679](https://codeberg.org/uzu/strudel/pulls/1679) 
+- 2025-10-18T04:29:20+02:00 Bug Fix: Wavetable: phase wrapping at 1 and detune by glossing in: [#1620](https://codeberg.org/uzu/strudel/pulls/1620) 
+- 2025-10-16T20:26:28+02:00 github samples: default to "samples" if repository is not specified by prezmop in: [#1644](https://codeberg.org/uzu/strudel/pulls/1644) 
+- 2025-10-16T17:33:39+02:00 Docs: add example of custom chained function by dariusk in: [#1642](https://codeberg.org/uzu/strudel/pulls/1642) 
+- 2025-10-14T12:39:48+02:00 textbox by yaxu in: [#1650](https://codeberg.org/uzu/strudel/pulls/1650) 
+- 2025-10-13T07:05:57+02:00 Feature: Wavetable FM by glossing in: [#1623](https://codeberg.org/uzu/strudel/pulls/1623) 
+- 2025-10-12T20:43:42+02:00 fix: repair REPL sample sources and URL concat (#1640) by erikfox in: [#1646](https://codeberg.org/uzu/strudel/pulls/1646)
+- 2025-10-10T11:25:02+02:00 Add control-metadata by yaxu in: [#1634](https://codeberg.org/uzu/strudel/pulls/1634) 
+- 2025-10-07T22:59:39+02:00 Fix MQTT: change the trigger handler to match new hap by jurrchen in: [#1629](https://codeberg.org/uzu/strudel/pulls/1629) 
+- 2025-10-05T21:42:19+02:00 Fix case sensitivity for synonym search by vvolhejn in: [#1618](https://codeberg.org/uzu/strudel/pulls/1618) 
+- 2025-10-01T08:56:35+02:00 Optimize wavetable synth by glossing in: [#1613](https://codeberg.org/uzu/strudel/pulls/1613) 
+- 2025-10-01T02:02:33+02:00 fix: pattern switching by daslyfe in: [#1616](https://codeberg.org/uzu/strudel/pulls/1616) 
+
+## September 2025
+
+- 2025-09-29T02:10:54+02:00 fix wavetable JSON by daslyfe in: [#1611](https://codeberg.org/uzu/strudel/pulls/1611) 
+- 2025-09-28T21:28:16+02:00 rename wavetable controls to match existing naming conventions by daslyfe in: [#1610](https://codeberg.org/uzu/strudel/pulls/1610) 
+- 2025-09-27T23:28:13+02:00 Feature: Wavetable synth improvements by glossing in: [#1607](https://codeberg.org/uzu/strudel/pulls/1607) 
+- 2025-09-27T21:43:10+02:00 wavetable improvements by daslyfe in: [#1608](https://codeberg.org/uzu/strudel/pulls/1608) 
+- 2025-09-26T08:48:46+02:00 create orbit based DJ filter by daslyfe in: [#1603](https://codeberg.org/uzu/strudel/pulls/1603) 
+- 2025-09-23T13:28:20+02:00 fix: time signal by daslyfe in: [#1583](https://codeberg.org/uzu/strudel/pulls/1583) 
+- 2025-09-21T16:16:06+02:00 mondo: fix all + setcpm + setcps by froos in: [#1600](https://codeberg.org/uzu/strudel/pulls/1600) 
+- 2025-09-19T21:59:43+02:00 fix: osc error message by froos in: [#1597](https://codeberg.org/uzu/strudel/pulls/1597) 
+- 2025-09-18T21:09:56+02:00 osc: --debug flag to see incoming messages by froos in: [#1595](https://codeberg.org/uzu/strudel/pulls/1595) 
+- 2025-09-17T14:12:10+02:00 simplify osc usage by froos in: [#1588](https://codeberg.org/uzu/strudel/pulls/1588) 
+- 2025-09-16T16:59:58+02:00 dev: logger errors to console in dev mode by daslyfe in: [#1585](https://codeberg.org/uzu/strudel/pulls/1585) 
+- 2025-09-15T22:52:14+02:00 add tic80 font by froos in: [#1579](https://codeberg.org/uzu/strudel/pulls/1579) 
+- 2025-09-15T00:00:19+02:00 supradough: fix delay + add some jsdoc types by froos in: [#1578](https://codeberg.org/uzu/strudel/pulls/1578) 
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+FROM node:24
+
+WORKDIR /app
+
+RUN npm install pnpm --global
+
+COPY pnpm-workspace.yaml ./
+COPY package.json pnpm-lock.yaml ./
+COPY packages/ ./packages/
+COPY examples/ ./examples/
+RUN mkdir -p website/public
+COPY website/package.json ./website/
+
+RUN pnpm install
+
+
+COPY . .
+
+EXPOSE 4321
+
+CMD ["pnpm", "dev"]
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ https://strudel.cc/

 After cloning the project, you can run the REPL locally:

-1. Install [Node.js](https://nodejs.org/)
+1. Install [Node.js](https://nodejs.org/) 18 or newer
 2. Install [pnpm](https://pnpm.io/installation)
 3. Install dependencies by running the following command:
   ```bash
@@ -42,6 +42,7 @@ export default [
      '**/hydra.mjs',
      '**/jsdoc-synonyms.js',
      'packages/hs2js/src/hs2js.mjs',
+      'packages/supradough/dough-export.mjs',
      '**/samples',
    ],
  },
@@ -20,5 +20,8 @@
    "@strudel/tonal": "workspace:*",
    "@strudel/transpiler": "workspace:*",
    "@strudel/webaudio": "workspace:*"
+  },
+  "engines": {
+    "node": ">=18.0.0"
  }
 }
@@ -14,5 +14,8 @@
  },
  "dependencies": {
    "@strudel/web": "workspace:*"
+  },
+  "engines": {
+    "node": ">=18.0.0"
  }
 }
@@ -18,5 +18,8 @@
    "@strudel/transpiler": "workspace:*",
    "@strudel/webaudio": "workspace:*",
    "@strudel/tonal": "workspace:*"
+  },
+  "engines": {
+    "node": ">=18.0.0"
  }
 }
@@ -13,5 +13,8 @@
  },
  "devDependencies": {
    "vite": "^6.0.11"
+  },
+  "engines": {
+    "node": ">=18.0.0"
  }
 }
@@ -32,5 +32,8 @@
  },
  "devDependencies": {
    "vite": "^6.0.11"
+  },
+  "engines": {
+    "node": ">=18.0.0"
  }
 }
@@ -73,5 +73,8 @@
    "prettier": "^3.4.2",
    "vitest": "^3.0.4",
    "vite-plugin-bundle-audioworklet": "workspace:*"
+  },
+  "engines": {
+    "node": ">=18.0.0"
  }
-}
+}
@@ -1,6 +1,11 @@
 import jsdoc from '../../doc.json';
 import { autocompletion } from '@codemirror/autocomplete';
 import { h } from './html';
+//TODO: fix tonal scale import
+// import { Scale } from '@tonaljs/tonal';
+// import { soundMap } from '@strudel/webaudio';
+let soundMap = undefined;
+import { complex } from '@strudel/tonal';

 const escapeHtml = (str) => {
  const div = document.createElement('div');
@@ -54,11 +59,12 @@ const buildExamples = (examples) =>
  `
    : '';

-export const Autocomplete = ({ doc, label }) =>
+export const Autocomplete = (doc) =>
  h`
  <div class="autocomplete-info-container">
    <div class="autocomplete-info-tooltip">
-      <h3 class="autocomplete-info-function-name">${label || getDocLabel(doc)}</h3>
+      <h3 class="autocomplete-info-function-name">${getDocLabel(doc)}</h3>
+      ${doc.synonyms_text ? `<div class="autocomplete-info-function-synonyms">Synonyms: ${doc.synonyms_text}</div>` : ''}
      ${doc.description ? `<div class="autocomplete-info-function-description">${doc.description}</div>` : ''}
      ${buildParamsList(doc.params)}
      ${buildExamples(doc.examples)}
@@ -74,29 +80,384 @@ const isValidDoc = (doc) => {
 const hasExcludedTags = (doc) =>
  ['superdirtOnly', 'noAutocomplete'].some((tag) => doc.tags?.find((t) => t.originalTitle === tag));

-const jsdocCompletions = jsdoc.docs
-  .filter((doc) => isValidDoc(doc) && !hasExcludedTags(doc))
-  // https://codemirror.net/docs/ref/#autocomplete.Completion
-  .map((doc) => ({
-    label: getDocLabel(doc),
-    // detail: 'xxx', // An optional short piece of information to show (with a different style) after the label.
-    info: () => Autocomplete({ doc }),
-    type: 'function', // https://codemirror.net/docs/ref/#autocomplete.Completion.type
-  }));
+export function bankCompletions() {
+  // TODO: FIX IMPORT
+  const soundDict = soundMap?.get() ?? {};
+
+  const banks = new Set();
+  for (const key of Object.keys(soundDict)) {
+    const [bank, suffix] = key.split('_');
+    if (suffix && bank) banks.add(bank);
+  }
+  return Array.from(banks)
+    .sort()
+    .map((name) => ({ label: name, type: 'bank' }));
+}
+
+// Attempt to get all scale names from Tonal TODO: FIX IMPORT
+let scaleCompletions = [];
+// try {
+//   scaleCompletions = (Scale.names ? Scale.names() : []).map((name) => ({ label: name, type: 'scale' }));
+// } catch (e) {
+//   console.warn('[autocomplete] Could not load scale names from Tonal:', e);
+// }
+
+// Valid mode values for voicing
+const modeCompletions = [
+  { label: 'below', type: 'mode' },
+  { label: 'above', type: 'mode' },
+  { label: 'duck', type: 'mode' },
+  { label: 'root', type: 'mode' },
+];
+
+// Valid chord symbols from ireal dictionary plus empty string for major triads
+const chordSymbols = ['', ...Object.keys(complex)].sort();
+const chordSymbolCompletions = chordSymbols.map((symbol) => {
+  if (symbol === '') {
+    return {
+      label: 'major',
+      apply: '',
+      type: 'chord-symbol',
+    };
+  }
+  return {
+    label: symbol,
+    apply: symbol,
+    type: 'chord-symbol',
+  };
+});
+
+export const getSynonymDoc = (doc, synonym) => {
+  const synonyms = doc.synonyms || [];
+  const docLabel = getDocLabel(doc);
+  // Swap `doc.name` in for `s` in the list of synonyms
+  const synonymsWithDoc = [docLabel, ...synonyms].filter((x) => x && x !== synonym);
+  return {
+    ...doc,
+    name: synonym,
+    longname: synonym,
+    synonyms: synonymsWithDoc,
+    synonyms_text: synonymsWithDoc.join(', '),
+  };
+};
+
+const jsdocCompletions = (() => {
+  const seen = new Set(); // avoid repetition
+  const completions = [];
+  for (const doc of jsdoc.docs) {
+    if (!isValidDoc(doc) || hasExcludedTags(doc)) continue;
+    const docLabel = getDocLabel(doc);
+    // Remove duplicates
+    const synonyms = doc.synonyms || [];
+    let labels = [docLabel, ...synonyms];
+    for (const label of labels) {
+      // https://codemirror.net/docs/ref/#autocomplete.Completion
+      if (label && !seen.has(label)) {
+        seen.add(label);
+        completions.push({
+          label,
+          info: () => Autocomplete(getSynonymDoc(doc, label)),
+          type: 'function', // https://codemirror.net/docs/ref/#autocomplete.Completion.type
+        });
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  return completions;
+})();
+
+// --- Handler functions for each context ---
+const pitchNames = [
+  'C',
+  'C#',
+  'Db',
+  'D',
+  'D#',
+  'Eb',
+  'E',
+  'E#',
+  'Fb',
+  'F',
+  'F#',
+  'Gb',
+  'G',
+  'G#',
+  'Ab',
+  'A',
+  'A#',
+  'Bb',
+  'B',
+  'B#',
+  'Cb',
+];
+
+// Cached regex patterns for scaleHandler
+const SCALE_NO_QUOTES_REGEX = /scale\(\s*$/;
+const SCALE_AFTER_COLON_REGEX = /scale\(\s*['"][^'"]*:[^'"]*$/;
+const SCALE_PRE_COLON_REGEX = /scale\(\s*['"][^'"]*$/;
+const SCALE_PITCH_MATCH_REGEX = /([A-Ga-g][#b]*)?$/;
+const SCALE_SPACES_TO_COLON_REGEX = /\s+/g;
+
+function scaleHandler(context) {
+  // First check for scale context without quotes - block with empty completions
+  let scaleNoQuotesContext = context.matchBefore(SCALE_NO_QUOTES_REGEX);
+  if (scaleNoQuotesContext) {
+    return {
+      from: scaleNoQuotesContext.to,
+      options: [],
+    };
+  }
+
+  // Check for after-colon context first (more specific)
+  let scaleAfterColonContext = context.matchBefore(SCALE_AFTER_COLON_REGEX);
+  if (scaleAfterColonContext) {
+    const text = scaleAfterColonContext.text;
+    const colonIdx = text.lastIndexOf(':');
+    if (colonIdx !== -1) {
+      const fragment = text.slice(colonIdx + 1);
+      const filteredScales = scaleCompletions.filter((s) => s.label.startsWith(fragment));
+      const options = filteredScales.map((s) => ({
+        ...s,
+        apply: s.label.replace(SCALE_SPACES_TO_COLON_REGEX, ':'),
+      }));
+      const from = scaleAfterColonContext.from + colonIdx + 1;
+      return {
+        from,
+        options,
+      };
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Then check for pre-colon context
+  let scalePreColonContext = context.matchBefore(SCALE_PRE_COLON_REGEX);
+  if (scalePreColonContext) {
+    if (!scalePreColonContext.text.includes(':')) {
+      if (context.explicit) {
+        const text = scalePreColonContext.text;
+        const match = text.match(SCALE_PITCH_MATCH_REGEX);
+        const fragment = match ? match[0] : '';
+        const filtered = pitchNames.filter((p) => p.toLowerCase().startsWith(fragment.toLowerCase()));
+        const from = scalePreColonContext.to - fragment.length;
+        const options = filtered.map((p) => ({ label: p, type: 'pitch' }));
+        return { from, options };
+      } else {
+        return { from: scalePreColonContext.to, options: [] };
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  return null;
+}
+
+// Cached regex patterns for soundHandler
+const SOUND_NO_QUOTES_REGEX = /(s|sound)\(\s*$/;
+const SOUND_WITH_QUOTES_REGEX = /(s|sound)\(\s*['"][^'"]*$/;
+const SOUND_FRAGMENT_MATCH_REGEX = /(?:[\s[{(<])([\w]*)$/;
+
+function soundHandler(context) {
+  // First check for sound context without quotes - block with empty completions
+  let soundNoQuotesContext = context.matchBefore(SOUND_NO_QUOTES_REGEX);
+  if (soundNoQuotesContext) {
+    return {
+      from: soundNoQuotesContext.to,
+      options: [],
+    };
+  }
+
+  // Then check for sound context with quotes - provide completions
+  let soundContext = context.matchBefore(SOUND_WITH_QUOTES_REGEX);
+  if (!soundContext) return null;
+
+  const text = soundContext.text;
+  const quoteIdx = Math.max(text.lastIndexOf('"'), text.lastIndexOf("'"));
+  if (quoteIdx === -1) return null;
+  const inside = text.slice(quoteIdx + 1);
+  const fragMatch = inside.match(SOUND_FRAGMENT_MATCH_REGEX);
+  const fragment = fragMatch ? fragMatch[1] : inside;
+  const soundNames = Object.keys(soundMap?.get() ?? {}).sort();
+  const filteredSounds = soundNames.filter((name) => name.includes(fragment));
+  let options = filteredSounds.map((name) => ({ label: name, type: 'sound' }));
+  const from = soundContext.to - fragment.length;
+  return {
+    from,
+    options,
+  };
+}
+
+// Cached regex patterns for bankHandler
+const BANK_NO_QUOTES_REGEX = /bank\(\s*$/;
+const BANK_WITH_QUOTES_REGEX = /bank\(\s*['"][^'"]*$/;
+
+function bankHandler(context) {
+  // First check for bank context without quotes - block with empty completions
+  let bankNoQuotesContext = context.matchBefore(BANK_NO_QUOTES_REGEX);
+  if (bankNoQuotesContext) {
+    return {
+      from: bankNoQuotesContext.to,
+      options: [],
+    };
+  }
+
+  // Then check for bank context with quotes - provide completions
+  let bankMatch = context.matchBefore(BANK_WITH_QUOTES_REGEX);
+  if (!bankMatch) return null;
+
+  const text = bankMatch.text;
+  const quoteIdx = Math.max(text.lastIndexOf('"'), text.lastIndexOf("'"));
+  if (quoteIdx === -1) return null;
+  const inside = text.slice(quoteIdx + 1);
+  const fragment = inside;
+  let banks = bankCompletions();
+  const filteredBanks = banks.filter((b) => b.label.startsWith(fragment));
+  const from = bankMatch.to - fragment.length;
+  return {
+    from,
+    options: filteredBanks,
+  };
+}
+
+// Cached regex patterns for modeHandler
+const MODE_NO_QUOTES_REGEX = /mode\(\s*$/;
+const MODE_AFTER_COLON_REGEX = /mode\(\s*['"][^'"]*:[^'"]*$/;
+const MODE_PRE_COLON_REGEX = /mode\(\s*['"][^'"]*$/;
+const MODE_FRAGMENT_MATCH_REGEX = /(?:[\s[{(<])([\w:]*)$/;
+
+function modeHandler(context) {
+  // First check for mode context without quotes - block with empty completions
+  let modeNoQuotesContext = context.matchBefore(MODE_NO_QUOTES_REGEX);
+  if (modeNoQuotesContext) {
+    return {
+      from: modeNoQuotesContext.to,
+      options: [],
+    };
+  }
+
+  // Check for after-colon context first (more specific)
+  let modeAfterColonContext = context.matchBefore(MODE_AFTER_COLON_REGEX);
+  if (modeAfterColonContext) {
+    const text = modeAfterColonContext.text;
+    const colonIdx = text.lastIndexOf(':');
+    if (colonIdx !== -1) {
+      const fragment = text.slice(colonIdx + 1);
+      // For anchor after colon, we can suggest pitch names
+      const filtered = pitchNames.filter((p) => p.toLowerCase().startsWith(fragment.toLowerCase()));
+      const options = filtered.map((p) => ({ label: p, type: 'pitch' }));
+      const from = modeAfterColonContext.from + colonIdx + 1;
+      return {
+        from,
+        options,
+      };
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Then check for pre-colon context
+  let modeContext = context.matchBefore(MODE_PRE_COLON_REGEX);
+  if (!modeContext) return null;
+
+  const text = modeContext.text;
+  const quoteIdx = Math.max(text.lastIndexOf('"'), text.lastIndexOf("'"));
+  if (quoteIdx === -1) return null;
+  const inside = text.slice(quoteIdx + 1);
+  const fragMatch = inside.match(MODE_FRAGMENT_MATCH_REGEX);
+  const fragment = fragMatch ? fragMatch[1] : inside;
+  const filteredModes = modeCompletions.filter((m) => m.label.startsWith(fragment));
+  const from = modeContext.to - fragment.length;
+  return {
+    from,
+    options: filteredModes,
+  };
+}
+
+// Cached regex patterns for chordHandler
+const CHORD_NO_QUOTES_REGEX = /chord\(\s*$/;
+const CHORD_WITH_QUOTES_REGEX = /chord\(\s*['"][^'"]*$/;
+const CHORD_FRAGMENT_MATCH_REGEX = /(?:[\s[{(<])([\w#b+^:-]*)$/;
+
+function chordHandler(context) {
+  // First check for chord context without quotes - block with empty completions
+  let chordNoQuotesContext = context.matchBefore(CHORD_NO_QUOTES_REGEX);
+  if (chordNoQuotesContext) {
+    return {
+      from: chordNoQuotesContext.to,
+      options: [],
+    };
+  }
+
+  // Then check for chord context with quotes - provide completions
+  let chordContext = context.matchBefore(CHORD_WITH_QUOTES_REGEX);
+  if (!chordContext) return null;
+
+  const text = chordContext.text;
+  const quoteIdx = Math.max(text.lastIndexOf('"'), text.lastIndexOf("'"));
+  if (quoteIdx === -1) return null;
+  const inside = text.slice(quoteIdx + 1);
+
+  // Use same fragment matching as sound/mode for expressions like "<G Am>"
+  const fragMatch = inside.match(CHORD_FRAGMENT_MATCH_REGEX);
+  const fragment = fragMatch ? fragMatch[1] : inside;
+
+  // Check if fragment contains any pitch name at start (for root + symbol)
+  let rootMatch = null;
+  let symbolFragment = fragment;
+  for (const pitch of pitchNames) {
+    if (fragment.toLowerCase().startsWith(pitch.toLowerCase())) {
+      rootMatch = pitch;
+      symbolFragment = fragment.slice(pitch.length);
+      break;
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (rootMatch) {
+    // We have a root, now complete chord symbols
+    const filteredSymbols = chordSymbolCompletions.filter((s) =>
+      s.label.toLowerCase().startsWith(symbolFragment.toLowerCase()),
+    );
+
+    // Create completions that replace the entire chord, not just the symbol part
+    const options = filteredSymbols;
+
+    const from = chordContext.to - symbolFragment.length;
+    return { from, options };
+  } else {
+    // No root yet, complete with pitch names
+    const filteredPitches = pitchNames.filter((p) => p.toLowerCase().startsWith(fragment.toLowerCase()));
+    const options = filteredPitches.map((p) => ({ label: p, type: 'pitch' }));
+    const from = chordContext.to - fragment.length;
+    return { from, options };
+  }
+}
+
+// Cached regex patterns for fallbackHandler
+const FALLBACK_WORD_REGEX = /\w*/;
+
+function fallbackHandler(context) {
+  const word = context.matchBefore(FALLBACK_WORD_REGEX);
+  if (word && word.from === word.to && !context.explicit) return null;
+  if (word) {
+    return {
+      from: word.from,
+      options: jsdocCompletions,
+    };
+  }
+  return null;
+}
+
+const handlers = [
+  soundHandler,
+  bankHandler,
+  chordHandler,
+  scaleHandler,
+  modeHandler,
+  // this handler *must* be last
+  fallbackHandler,
+];

 export const strudelAutocomplete = (context) => {
-  const word = context.matchBefore(/\w*/);
-  if (word.from === word.to && !context.explicit) return null;
-
-  return {
-    from: word.from,
-    options: jsdocCompletions,
-    /*     options: [
-      { label: 'match', type: 'keyword' },
-      { label: 'hello', type: 'variable', info: '(World)' },
-      { label: 'magic', type: 'text', apply: '⠁⭒*.✩.*⭒⠁', detail: 'macro' },
-    ], */
-  };
+  for (const handler of handlers) {
+    const result = handler(context);
+    if (result) {
+      return result;
+    }
+  }
+  return null;
 };

 export const isAutoCompletionEnabled = (enabled) =>
@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+import {
+  keymap,
+  highlightSpecialChars,
+  drawSelection,
+  highlightActiveLine,
+  dropCursor,
+  rectangularSelection,
+  crosshairCursor,
+  lineNumbers,
+  highlightActiveLineGutter,
+} from '@codemirror/view';
+import {
+  defaultHighlightStyle,
+  syntaxHighlighting,
+  bracketMatching,
+  foldGutter,
+  foldKeymap,
+} from '@codemirror/language';
+import { defaultKeymap, history, historyKeymap } from '@codemirror/commands';
+import { searchKeymap, highlightSelectionMatches } from '@codemirror/search';
+import { completionKeymap, closeBracketsKeymap } from '@codemirror/autocomplete';
+
+// Taken + slightly modified from https://github.com/codemirror/basic-setup/blob/main/src/codemirror.ts
+
+export const basicSetup = (() => [
+  //   lineNumbers(),
+  //   highlightActiveLineGutter(),
+  highlightSpecialChars(),
+  history(),
+  // foldGutter(),
+  // drawSelection(),
+  dropCursor(),
+  // EditorState.allowMultipleSelections.of(true),
+  // indentOnInput(),
+  // syntaxHighlighting(defaultHighlightStyle, { fallback: true }),
+  // autocompletion(),
+  rectangularSelection(),
+  crosshairCursor(),
+  // highlightActiveLine(),
+  // highlightSelectionMatches(),
+  keymap.of([
+    ...closeBracketsKeymap,
+    ...defaultKeymap,
+    // ...searchKeymap,
+    ...historyKeymap,
+    // ...foldKeymap,
+    // ...completionKeymap,
+  ]),
+])();
+
+/// A minimal set of extensions to create a functional editor. Only
+/// includes [the default keymap](#commands.defaultKeymap), [undo
+/// history](#commands.history), [special character
+/// highlighting](#view.highlightSpecialChars), [custom selection
+/// drawing](#view.drawSelection), and [default highlight
+/// style](#language.defaultHighlightStyle).
+export const minimalSetup = (() => [
+  highlightSpecialChars(),
+  history(),
+  drawSelection(),
+  syntaxHighlighting(defaultHighlightStyle, { fallback: true }),
+  keymap.of([...defaultKeymap, ...historyKeymap]),
+])();
@@ -1,29 +1,31 @@
 import { closeBrackets } from '@codemirror/autocomplete';
-export { toggleComment, toggleBlockComment, toggleLineComment, toggleBlockCommentByLine } from '@codemirror/commands';
-// import { search, highlightSelectionMatches } from '@codemirror/search';
-import { history, indentWithTab } from '@codemirror/commands';
-import { javascript } from '@codemirror/lang-javascript';
-import { defaultHighlightStyle, syntaxHighlighting, bracketMatching } from '@codemirror/language';
+import { indentWithTab, toggleLineComment } from '@codemirror/commands';
+import { javascript, javascriptLanguage } from '@codemirror/lang-javascript';
+import { bracketMatching, defaultHighlightStyle, syntaxHighlighting } from '@codemirror/language';
 import { Compartment, EditorState, Prec } from '@codemirror/state';
 import {
+  drawSelection,
  EditorView,
-  highlightActiveLineGutter,
  highlightActiveLine,
+  highlightActiveLineGutter,
  keymap,
  lineNumbers,
-  drawSelection,
 } from '@codemirror/view';
-import { repl, registerControl } from '@strudel/core';
-import { Drawer, cleanupDraw } from '@strudel/draw';
+import { persistentAtom } from '@nanostores/persistent';
+import { logger, registerControl, repl } from '@strudel/core';
+import { cleanupDraw, Drawer } from '@strudel/draw';
+
 import { isAutoCompletionEnabled } from './autocomplete.mjs';
-import { isTooltipEnabled } from './tooltip.mjs';
+import { basicSetup } from './basicSetup.mjs';
 import { flash, isFlashEnabled } from './flash.mjs';
 import { highlightMiniLocations, isPatternHighlightingEnabled, updateMiniLocations } from './highlight.mjs';
 import { keybindings } from './keybindings.mjs';
-import { initTheme, activateTheme, theme } from './themes.mjs';
 import { sliderPlugin, updateSliderWidgets } from './slider.mjs';
-import { widgetPlugin, updateWidgets } from './widget.mjs';
-import { persistentAtom } from '@nanostores/persistent';
+import { activateTheme, initTheme, theme } from './themes.mjs';
+import { isTooltipEnabled } from './tooltip.mjs';
+import { updateWidgets, widgetPlugin } from './widget.mjs';
+
+export { toggleBlockComment, toggleBlockCommentByLine, toggleComment, toggleLineComment } from '@codemirror/commands';

 const extensions = {
  isLineWrappingEnabled: (on) => (on ? EditorView.lineWrapping : []),
@@ -85,13 +87,17 @@ export function initEditor({ initialCode = '', onChange, onEvaluate, onStop, roo
      /* search(),
      highlightSelectionMatches(), */
      ...initialSettings,
+      basicSetup,
      mondo ? [] : javascript(),
+      javascriptLanguage.data.of({
+        closeBrackets: { brackets: ['(', '[', '{', "'", '"', '<'] },
+        bracketMatching: { brackets: ['(', '[', '{', "'", '"', '<'] },
+      }),
      sliderPlugin,
      widgetPlugin,
-      // indentOnInput(), // works without. already brought with javascript extension?
-      // bracketMatching(), // does not do anything
+      // indentOnInput(), // works without. already brought with javascript
+      // extension? bracketMatching(), // does not do anything
      syntaxHighlighting(defaultHighlightStyle),
-      history(),
      EditorView.updateListener.of((v) => onChange(v)),
      drawSelection({ cursorBlinkRate: 0 }),
      Prec.highest(
@@ -114,13 +120,13 @@ export function initEditor({ initialCode = '', onChange, onEvaluate, onStop, roo
            run: () => onStop?.(),
          },
          /* {
-          key: 'Ctrl-Shift-.',
-          run: () => (onPanic ? onPanic() : onStop?.()),
-        },
-        {
-          key: 'Ctrl-Shift-Enter',
-          run: () => (onReEvaluate ? onReEvaluate() : onEvaluate?.()),
-        }, */
+            key: 'Ctrl-Shift-.',
+            run: () => (onPanic ? onPanic() : onStop?.()),
+          },
+          {
+            key: 'Ctrl-Shift-Enter',
+            run: () => (onReEvaluate ? onReEvaluate() : onEvaluate?.()),
+          }, */
        ]),
      ),
    ],
@@ -201,7 +207,8 @@ export class StrudelMirror {
        updateWidgets(this.editor, widgets);
        updateMiniLocations(this.editor, this.miniLocations);
        replOptions?.afterEval?.(options);
-        // if no painters are set (.onPaint was not called), then we only need the present moment (for highlighting)
+        // if no painters are set (.onPaint was not called), then we only need
+        // the present moment (for highlighting)
        const drawTime = options.pattern.getPainters().length ? this.drawTime : [0, 0];
        this.drawer.setDrawTime(drawTime);
        // invalidate drawer after we've set the appropriate drawTime
@@ -240,6 +247,33 @@ export class StrudelMirror {
      }
    };
    document.addEventListener('start-repl', this.onStartRepl);
+
+    // Handle global evaluation requests (e.g., from Vim :w)
+    this.onEvaluateRequest = (e) => {
+      try {
+        // Evaluate current editor on repl-evaluate
+        logger('[repl] evaluate via event');
+        this.evaluate();
+        e?.cancelable && e.preventDefault?.();
+      } catch (err) {
+        console.error('Error handling repl-evaluate event', err);
+      }
+    };
+    document.addEventListener('repl-evaluate', this.onEvaluateRequest);
+    document.addEventListener('repl-stop', this.onStopRequest);
+
+    // Toggle comments requested from Vim (gc)
+    this.onToggleComment = (e) => {
+      try {
+        // Honor selections; toggleLineComment handles both selections and
+        // single line
+        toggleLineComment(this.editor);
+        e?.cancelable && e.preventDefault?.();
+      } catch (err) {
+        console.error('Error handling repl-toggle-comment event', err);
+      }
+    };
+    document.addEventListener('repl-toggle-comment', this.onToggleComment);
  }
  draw(haps, time, painters) {
    painters?.forEach((painter) => painter(this.drawContext, time, haps, this.drawTime));
@@ -266,6 +300,16 @@ export class StrudelMirror {
  async stop() {
    this.repl.scheduler.stop();
  }
+
+  // Listen for global stop requests (e.g., from Vim :q)
+  onStopRequest = (e) => {
+    try {
+      this.stop();
+      e?.cancelable && e.preventDefault?.();
+    } catch (err) {
+      console.error('Error handling repl-stop event', err);
+    }
+  };
  async toggle() {
    if (this.repl.scheduler.started) {
      this.repl.stop();
@@ -341,11 +385,18 @@ export class StrudelMirror {
    }
  }
  setCode(code) {
-    const changes = { from: 0, to: this.editor.state.doc.length, insert: code };
+    const changes = {
+      from: 0,
+      to: this.editor.state.doc.length,
+      insert: code,
+    };
    this.editor.dispatch({ changes });
  }
  clear() {
    this.onStartRepl && document.removeEventListener('start-repl', this.onStartRepl);
+    this.onEvaluateRequest && document.removeEventListener('repl-evaluate', this.onEvaluateRequest);
+    this.onStopRequest && document.removeEventListener('repl-stop', this.onStopRequest);
+    this.onToggleComment && document.removeEventListener('repl-toggle-comment', this.onToggleComment);
  }
  getCursorLocation() {
    return this.editor.state.selection.main.head;
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
-const parser = typeof DOMParser !== 'undefined' ? new DOMParser() : null;
 export let html = (string) => {
-  return parser?.parseFromString(string, 'text/html').querySelectorAll('*');
+  const template = document.createElement('template');
+  template.innerHTML = string.trim();
+  return template.content.childNodes;
 };
 let parseChunk = (chunk) => {
  if (Array.isArray(chunk)) return chunk.flat().join('');
@@ -1,10 +1,12 @@
+import { defaultKeymap } from '@codemirror/commands';
 import { Prec } from '@codemirror/state';
 import { keymap, ViewPlugin } from '@codemirror/view';
 // import { searchKeymap } from '@codemirror/search';
 import { emacs } from '@replit/codemirror-emacs';
-import { vim } from '@replit/codemirror-vim';
+import { vim, Vim } from '@replit/codemirror-vim';
+// import { vim } from './vim_test.mjs';
 import { vscodeKeymap } from '@replit/codemirror-vscode-keymap';
-import { defaultKeymap, historyKeymap } from '@codemirror/commands';
+import { logger } from '@strudel/core';

 const vscodePlugin = ViewPlugin.fromClass(
  class {
@@ -18,6 +20,110 @@ const vscodePlugin = ViewPlugin.fromClass(
 );
 const vscodeExtension = (options) => [vscodePlugin].concat(options ?? []);

+// Map Vim :w to trigger the same action as evaluation. We dispatch a custom
+// event 'repl-evaluate' that the editor listens for, and also simulate
+// Ctrl+Enter/Alt+Enter as a fallback. We log to the Strudel logger so it
+// appears in the Console panel.
+try {
+  if (Vim && typeof Vim.defineEx === 'function') {
+    // Map gc to toggle line comments by dispatching a custom event that our
+    // CodeMirror integration listens to. This avoids depending on Vim's
+    // internal actions and works with current selections/visual mode.
+    try {
+      Vim.defineAction('strudelToggleComment', (cm) => {
+        const view = cm?.view || cm;
+        try {
+          const ev = new CustomEvent('repl-toggle-comment', { detail: { source: 'vim', view }, cancelable: true });
+          document.dispatchEvent(ev);
+        } catch (e) {
+          console.error('strudelToggleComment dispatch failed', e);
+        }
+      });
+      Vim.mapCommand('gc', 'action', 'strudelToggleComment', {}, { context: 'normal' });
+      Vim.mapCommand('gc', 'action', 'strudelToggleComment', {}, { context: 'visual' });
+    } catch (e) {
+      console.error('Vim gc mapping failed', e);
+    }
+
+    // :q to pause/stop
+    Vim.defineEx('quit', 'q', (cm) => {
+      try {
+        const view = cm?.view || cm;
+        // First try dispatching our custom stop event, then fallback to Alt+.
+        let handled = false;
+        try {
+          const ev = new CustomEvent('repl-stop', { detail: { source: 'vim', view }, cancelable: true });
+          handled = document.dispatchEvent(ev) === false;
+        } catch (e) {
+          console.error('Error dispatching repl-stop event', e);
+        }
+        if (!handled) {
+          const altDot = new KeyboardEvent('keydown', {
+            key: '.',
+            code: 'Period',
+            altKey: true,
+            bubbles: true,
+            cancelable: true,
+          });
+          view?.dom?.dispatchEvent?.(altDot);
+        }
+      } catch (e) {
+        console.error('Error dispatching :q stop event', e);
+      }
+    });
+
+    // :w to evaluate
+    Vim.defineEx('write', 'w', (cm) => {
+      const view = cm?.view || cm; // CM6 Vim passes either an object with view or the view itself
+      try {
+        view?.focus?.();
+        // Let the app know this came from Vim :w
+        try {
+          logger('[vim] :w — evaluating code');
+        } catch (e) {
+          console.error('Error logging Vim :w evaluation', e);
+        }
+        // Dispatch a dedicated evaluate event first
+        let handled = false;
+        try {
+          const ev = new CustomEvent('repl-evaluate', { detail: { source: 'vim', view }, cancelable: true });
+          handled = document.dispatchEvent(ev) === false; // false means preventDefault was called
+        } catch (e) {
+          console.error('Error dispatching repl-evaluate event', e);
+        }
+        if (handled) {
+          return;
+        }
+        // Try Ctrl+Enter first if not handled by custom event
+        const ctrlEnter = new KeyboardEvent('keydown', {
+          key: 'Enter',
+          code: 'Enter',
+          ctrlKey: true,
+          bubbles: true,
+          cancelable: true,
+        });
+        view?.dom?.dispatchEvent?.(ctrlEnter);
+        // If not handled (no handler called preventDefault), try Alt+Enter as
+        // fallback
+        if (!ctrlEnter.defaultPrevented) {
+          const altEnter = new KeyboardEvent('keydown', {
+            key: 'Enter',
+            code: 'Enter',
+            altKey: true,
+            bubbles: true,
+            cancelable: true,
+          });
+          view?.dom?.dispatchEvent?.(altEnter);
+        }
+      } catch (e) {
+        console.error('Error dispatching :w evaluation event', e);
+      }
+    });
+  }
+} catch (e) {
+  console.error('Vim ex command setup failed (defineEx missing or Vim unavailable)', e);
+}
+
 const keymaps = {
  vim,
  emacs,
@@ -27,5 +133,5 @@ const keymaps = {

 export function keybindings(name) {
  const active = keymaps[name];
-  return [active ? active() : [], keymap.of(historyKeymap)];
+  return [active ? Prec.high(active()) : []];
 }
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
  "name": "@strudel/codemirror",
-  "version": "1.2.4",
+  "version": "1.2.6",
  "description": "Codemirror Extensions for Strudel",
  "main": "index.mjs",
  "publishConfig": {
@@ -42,14 +42,20 @@
    "@lezer/highlight": "^1.2.1",
    "@nanostores/persistent": "^0.10.2",
    "@replit/codemirror-emacs": "^6.1.0",
-    "@replit/codemirror-vim": "^6.2.1",
+    "@replit/codemirror-vim": "^6.3.0",
    "@replit/codemirror-vscode-keymap": "^6.0.2",
    "@strudel/core": "workspace:*",
    "@strudel/draw": "workspace:*",
+    "@strudel/tonal": "workspace:*",
    "@strudel/transpiler": "workspace:*",
-    "nanostores": "^0.11.3"
+    "@tonaljs/tonal": "^4.10.0",
+    "nanostores": "^0.11.3",
+    "superdough": "workspace:*"
  },
  "devDependencies": {
    "vite": "^6.0.11"
+  },
+  "engines": {
+    "node": ">=18.0.0"
  }
 }
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { hoverTooltip } from '@codemirror/view';
 import jsdoc from '../../doc.json';
-import { Autocomplete } from './autocomplete.mjs';
+import { Autocomplete, getSynonymDoc } from './autocomplete.mjs';

 const getDocLabel = (doc) => doc.name || doc.longname;

@@ -52,10 +52,11 @@ export const strudelTooltip = hoverTooltip(
    let entry = jsdoc.docs.filter((doc) => getDocLabel(doc) === word)[0];
    if (!entry) {
      // Try for synonyms
-      entry = jsdoc.docs.filter((doc) => doc.synonyms && doc.synonyms.includes(word))[0];
-      if (!entry) {
+      const doc = jsdoc.docs.filter((doc) => doc.synonyms && doc.synonyms.includes(word))[0];
+      if (!doc) {
        return null;
      }
+      entry = getSynonymDoc(doc, word);
    }

    return {
@@ -66,7 +67,7 @@ export const strudelTooltip = hoverTooltip(
      create(view) {
        let dom = document.createElement('div');
        dom.className = 'strudel-tooltip';
-        const ac = Autocomplete({ doc: entry, label: word });
+        const ac = Autocomplete(entry);
        dom.appendChild(ac);
        return { dom };
      },
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ export class Cyclist {
          }

          // query the pattern for events
-          const haps = this.pattern.queryArc(begin, end, { _cps: this.cps });
+          const haps = this.pattern.queryArc(begin, end, { _cps: this.cps, cyclist: 'cyclist' });

          haps.forEach((hap) => {
            if (hap.hasOnset()) {
@@ -35,18 +35,18 @@ const right = function (n, x) {
  return result;
 };

-const _bjork = function (n, x) {
+const _bjorklund = function (n, x) {
  const [ons, offs] = n;
-  return Math.min(ons, offs) <= 1 ? [n, x] : _bjork(...(ons > offs ? left(n, x) : right(n, x)));
+  return Math.min(ons, offs) <= 1 ? [n, x] : _bjorklund(...(ons > offs ? left(n, x) : right(n, x)));
 };

-export const bjork = function (ons, steps) {
+export const bjorklund = function (ons, steps) {
  const inverted = ons < 0;
  const absOns = Math.abs(ons);
  const offs = steps - absOns;
  const ones = Array(absOns).fill([1]);
  const zeros = Array(offs).fill([0]);
-  const result = _bjork([absOns, offs], [ones, zeros]);
+  const result = _bjorklund([absOns, offs], [ones, zeros]);
  const pattern = flatten(result[1][0]).concat(flatten(result[1][1]));
  return inverted ? pattern.map((x) => 1 - x) : pattern;
 };
@@ -128,7 +128,7 @@ export const bjork = function (ons, steps) {
 */

 const _euclidRot = function (pulses, steps, rotation) {
-  const b = bjork(pulses, steps);
+  const b = bjorklund(pulses, steps);
  if (rotation) {
    return rotate(b, -rotation);
  }
@@ -139,7 +139,7 @@ export const euclid = register('euclid', function (pulses, steps, pat) {
  return pat.struct(_euclidRot(pulses, steps, 0));
 });

-export const e = register('e', function (euc, pat) {
+export const bjork = register('bjork', function (euc, pat) {
  if (!Array.isArray(euc)) {
    euc = [euc];
  }
@@ -216,6 +216,6 @@ export const euclidLegatoRot = register(['euclidLegatoRot'], function (pulses, s
 * .pan(sine.slow(8))
 */
 export const { euclidish, eish } = register(['euclidish', 'eish'], function (pulses, steps, perc, pat) {
-  const morphed = _morph(bjork(pulses, steps), new Array(pulses).fill(1), perc);
+  const morphed = _morph(bjorklund(pulses, steps), new Array(pulses).fill(1), perc);
  return pat.struct(morphed).setSteps(steps);
 });
@@ -126,6 +126,8 @@ export const lcm = (...fractions) => {
  );
 };

+export const isFraction = (x) => x instanceof Fraction;
+
 fraction._original = Fraction;

 export default fraction;
@@ -5,8 +5,9 @@ let debounce = 1000,
  lastTime;

 export function errorLogger(e, origin = 'cyclist') {
-  //TODO: add some kind of debug flag that enables this  while in dev mode
-  // console.error(e);
+  if (process.env.NODE_ENV === 'development') {
+    console.error(e);
+  }
  logger(`[${origin}] error: ${e.message}`);
 }

@@ -38,8 +38,7 @@ export class NeoCyclist {
      if (this.started === false) {
        return;
      }
-
-      const haps = this.pattern.queryArc(begin, end, { _cps: this.cps });
+      const haps = this.pattern.queryArc(begin, end, { _cps: this.cps, cyclist: 'neocyclist' });
      haps.forEach((hap) => {
        if (hap.hasOnset()) {
          const timeUntilTrigger = cycleToSeconds(hap.whole.begin - this.cycle, this.cps);
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
  "name": "@strudel/core",
-  "version": "1.2.4",
+  "version": "1.2.5",
  "description": "Port of Tidal Cycles to JavaScript",
  "main": "index.mjs",
  "type": "module",
@@ -37,5 +37,8 @@
  "devDependencies": {
    "vite": "^6.0.11",
    "vitest": "^3.0.4"
+  },
+  "engines": {
+    "node": ">=18.0.0"
  }
 }
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under th
 */

 import TimeSpan from './timespan.mjs';
-import Fraction, { lcm } from './fraction.mjs';
+import Fraction, { isFraction, lcm } from './fraction.mjs';
 import Hap from './hap.mjs';
 import State from './state.mjs';
 import { unionWithObj } from './value.mjs';
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ import {
  stringifyValues,
 } from './util.mjs';
 import drawLine from './drawLine.mjs';
-import { logger } from './logger.mjs';
+import { errorLogger, logger } from './logger.mjs';

 let stringParser;

@@ -98,10 +98,7 @@ export class Pattern {

  // runs func on query state
  withState(func) {
-    return this.withHaps((haps, state) => {
-      func(state);
-      return haps;
-    });
+    return new Pattern((state) => this.query(func(state)));
  }

  /**
@@ -417,7 +414,7 @@ export class Pattern {
    try {
      return this.query(new State(new TimeSpan(begin, end), controls));
    } catch (err) {
-      logger(`[query]: ${err.message}`, 'error');
+      errorLogger(err, 'query');
      return [];
    }
  }
@@ -999,7 +996,7 @@ addToPrototype('weaveWith', function (t, ...funcs) {
 // compose matrix functions

 function _nonArrayObject(x) {
-  return !Array.isArray(x) && typeof x === 'object';
+  return !Array.isArray(x) && typeof x === 'object' && !isFraction(x);
 }
 function _composeOp(a, b, func) {
  if (_nonArrayObject(a) || _nonArrayObject(b)) {
@@ -1246,7 +1243,8 @@ export const silence = gap(1);
 /* Like silence, but with a 'steps' (relative duration) of 0 */
 export const nothing = gap(0);

-/** A discrete value that repeats once per cycle.
+/**
+ * A discrete value that repeats once per cycle.
 *
 * @returns {Pattern}
 * @example
@@ -1299,7 +1297,8 @@ export function sequenceP(pats) {
  return result;
 }

-/** The given items are played at the same time at the same length.
+/**
+ * The given items are played at the same time at the same length.
 *
 * @return {Pattern}
 * @synonyms polyrhythm, pr
@@ -1382,11 +1381,11 @@ export function stackBy(by, ...pats) {
    .setSteps(steps);
 }

-/** Concatenation: combines a list of patterns, switching between them successively, one per cycle:
- *
- * synonyms: `cat`
+/**
+ * Concatenation: combines a list of patterns, switching between them successively, one per cycle.
 *
 * @return {Pattern}
+ * @synonyms cat
 * @example
 * slowcat("e5", "b4", ["d5", "c5"])
 *
@@ -2235,7 +2234,7 @@ export const brak = register('brak', function (pat) {
 });

 /**
- * Reverse all haps in a pattern
+ * Reverse all cycles in a pattern. See also `revv` for reversing a whole pattern.
 *
 * @name rev
 * @memberof Pattern
@@ -2267,6 +2266,23 @@ export const rev = register(
  true,
 );

+/**
+ * Reverse a whole pattern. See also `rev` for reversing each cycle.
+ *
+ * @name revv
+ * @memberof Pattern
+ * @returns Pattern
+ * @example
+ * // This is the same as `<[g e] [d c]>`. If `rev()` is used, you get
+ * // the same as `<[d c] [g e]>`, where each cycle reverses, but the order of
+ * // cycles stays the same.
+ * note("<[c d] [e g]>").revv()
+ */
+export const revv = register('revv', function (pat) {
+  const negateSpan = (span) => new TimeSpan(Fraction(0).sub(span.end), Fraction(0).sub(span.begin));
+  return pat.withQuerySpan(negateSpan).withHapSpan(negateSpan);
+});
+
 /** Like press, but allows you to specify the amount by which each
 * event is shifted. pressBy(0.5) is the same as press, while
 * pressBy(1/3) shifts each event by a third of its timespan.
@@ -2397,6 +2413,57 @@ export const stut = register('stut', function (times, feedback, time, pat) {
  return pat._echoWith(times, time, (pat, i) => pat.gain(Math.pow(feedback, i)));
 });

+export const applyN = register('applyN', function (n, func, p) {
+  let result = p;
+  for (let i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+    result = func(result);
+  }
+  return result;
+});
+
+/**
+ * The plyWith function repeats each event the given number of times, applying the given function to each event.\n
+ * @name plyWith
+ * @synonyms plywith
+ * @param {number} factor how many times to repeat
+ * @param {function} func function to apply, given the pattern
+ * @example
+ * "<0 [2 4]>"
+ * .plyWith(4, (p) => p.add(2))
+ * .scale("C:minor").note()
+ */
+export const plyWith = register(['plyWith', 'plywith'], function (factor, func, pat) {
+  const result = pat
+    .fmap((x) => cat(...listRange(0, factor - 1).map((i) => applyN(i, func, x)))._fast(factor))
+    .squeezeJoin();
+  if (__steps) {
+    result._steps = Fraction(factor).mulmaybe(pat._steps);
+  }
+  return result;
+});
+
+/**
+ * The plyForEach function repeats each event the given number of times, applying the given function to each event.
+ * This version of ply uses the iteration index as an argument to the function, similar to echoWith.
+ * @name plyForEach
+ * @synonyms plyforeach
+ * @param {number} factor how many times to repeat
+ * @param {function} func function to apply, given the pattern and the iteration index
+ * @example
+ * "<0 [2 4]>"
+ * .plyForEach(4, (p,n) => p.add(n*2))
+ * .scale("C:minor").note()
+ */
+export const plyForEach = register(['plyForEach', 'plyforeach'], function (factor, func, pat) {
+  const result = pat
+    .fmap((x) => cat(cat(pure(x), ...listRange(1, factor - 1).map((i) => func(pure(x), i))))._fast(factor))
+    .squeezeJoin();
+  if (__steps) {
+    result._steps = Fraction(factor).mulmaybe(pat._steps);
+  }
+  return result;
+});
+
 /**
 * Divides a pattern into a given number of subdivisions, plays the subdivisions in order, but increments the starting subdivision each cycle. The pattern wraps to the first subdivision after the last subdivision is played.
 * @name iter
@@ -2524,8 +2591,8 @@ export const { chunkBack, chunkback } = register(
 * @returns Pattern
 * @example
 * "<0 8> 1 2 3 4 5 6 7"
- * .fastChunk(4, x => x.color('red')).slow(2)
 * .scale("C2:major").note()
+ * .fastChunk(4, x => x.color('red')).slow(2)
 */
 export const { fastchunk, fastChunk } = register(
  ['fastchunk', 'fastChunk'],
@@ -2948,6 +3015,24 @@ export const extend = stepRegister('extend', function (factor, pat) {
  return pat.fast(factor).expand(factor);
 });

+/**
+ * *Experimental*
+ *
+ * `replicate` is similar to `fast` in that it increases its density, but it also increases the step count
+ * accordingly. So `stepcat("a b".replicate(2), "c d")` would be the same as `"a b a b c d"`, whereas
+ * `stepcat("a b".fast(2), "c d")` would be the same as `"[a b] [a b] c d"`.
+ *
+ * TODO: find out how this function differs from extend
+ * @example
+ * stepcat(
+ *   sound("bd bd - cp").replicate(2),
+ *   sound("bd - sd -")
+ * ).pace(8)
+ */
+export const replicate = stepRegister('replicate', function (factor, pat) {
+  return pat.repeatCycles(factor).fast(factor).expand(factor);
+});
+
 /**
 * *Experimental*
 *
@@ -3483,3 +3568,139 @@ export const morph = (frompat, topat, bypat) => {
  bypat = reify(bypat);
  return frompat.innerBind((from) => topat.innerBind((to) => bypat.innerBind((by) => _morph(from, to, by))));
 };
+
+/**
+ * Soft-clipping distortion
+ *
+ * @name soft
+ * @param {number | Pattern} distortion amount of distortion to apply
+ * @param {number | Pattern} volume linear postgain of the distortion
+ *
+ */
+/**
+ * Hard-clipping distortion
+ *
+ * @name hard
+ * @param {number | Pattern} distortion amount of distortion to apply
+ * @param {number | Pattern} volume linear postgain of the distortion
+ *
+ */
+/**
+ * Cubic polynomial distortion
+ *
+ * @name cubic
+ * @param {number | Pattern} distortion amount of distortion to apply
+ * @param {number | Pattern} volume linear postgain of the distortion
+ *
+ */
+/**
+ * Diode-emulating distortion
+ *
+ * @name diode
+ * @param {number | Pattern} distortion amount of distortion to apply
+ * @param {number | Pattern} volume linear postgain of the distortion
+ *
+ */
+/**
+ * Asymmetrical diode distortion
+ *
+ * @name asym
+ * @param {number | Pattern} distortion amount of distortion to apply
+ * @param {number | Pattern} volume linear postgain of the distortion
+ *
+ */
+/**
+ * Wavefolding distortion
+ *
+ * @name fold
+ * @param {number | Pattern} distortion amount of distortion to apply
+ * @param {number | Pattern} volume linear postgain of the distortion
+ *
+ */
+/**
+ * Wavefolding distortion composed with sinusoid
+ *
+ * @name sinefold
+ * @param {number | Pattern} distortion amount of distortion to apply
+ * @param {number | Pattern} volume linear postgain of the distortion
+ *
+ */
+/**
+ * Distortion via Chebyshev polynomials
+ *
+ * @name chebyshev
+ * @param {number | Pattern} distortion amount of distortion to apply
+ * @param {number | Pattern} volume linear postgain of the distortion
+ *
+ */
+const distAlgoNames = ['scurve', 'soft', 'hard', 'cubic', 'diode', 'asym', 'fold', 'sinefold', 'chebyshev'];
+for (const name of distAlgoNames) {
+  // Add aliases for distortion algorithms
+  Pattern.prototype[name] = function (args) {
+    const argsPat = reify(args).fmap((v) => (Array.isArray(v) ? [...v, name] : [v, 1, name]));
+    return this.distort(argsPat);
+  };
+}
+
+/**
+ * Turns a list of patterns into a single pattern which outputs list-values
+ *
+ * @name parray
+ * @returns Pattern
+ */
+export const parray = (pats) => {
+  const pack = (...xs) => xs;
+  let acc = pure(curry(pack, null, pats.length));
+  for (const p of pats) acc = acc.appBoth(reify(p));
+  return acc;
+};
+
+const _ensureListPattern = (list) => {
+  if (Array.isArray(list)) {
+    return parray(list);
+  }
+  return reify(list);
+};
+
+/**
+ * Scale the magnitude of the harmonics of one of the core synths ('sine', 'tri', 'saw', ..)
+ *
+ * Can also be used to create a new synth via `s('user').partials(...)`
+ *
+ * @name partials
+ * @param {number[] | Pattern} magnitudes List of [0, 1] magnitudes for partials. 0th entry is the fundamental harmonic (i.e. DC offset is skipped)
+ * @example
+ * s("user").seg(16).n(irand(8)).scale("A:major")
+ *   .partials([1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 1])
+ * @example
+ * s("saw").seg(8).n(irand(12)).scale("G#:minor")
+ *   .partials(binaryL(irand(256).add("1")))
+ */
+Pattern.prototype.partials = function (list) {
+  return this.withValue((v) => (l) => ({ ...v, partials: l })).appLeft(_ensureListPattern(list));
+};
+
+// Also create a top-level function
+export const partials = (list) => {
+  return _ensureListPattern(list).as('partials');
+};
+
+/**
+ * Rotates the harmonics of one of the core synths ('sine', 'tri', 'saw', 'user', ..) by a list of phases
+ *
+ * @name phases
+ * @param {number[] | Pattern} phases List of [0, 1) phases for partials. 0th entry is the fundamental phase (i.e. DC offset is skipped)
+ * @example
+ * // Phase cancellation
+ * s("saw").seg(8).n(irand(12)).scale("G#1:minor")
+ *   .partials(partials([1, 1, 1]))
+ *   .superimpose(x => x.phases([0.5, 0.5, 0.5]))
+ */
+Pattern.prototype.phases = function (list) {
+  return this.withValue((v) => (l) => ({ ...v, phases: l })).appLeft(_ensureListPattern(list));
+};
+
+// Also create a top-level function
+export const phases = (list) => {
+  return _ensureListPattern(list).as('phases');
+};
@@ -74,6 +74,14 @@ export function repl({
    return silence;
  };

+  // helper to get a patternified pure value out
+  function unpure(pat) {
+    if (pat._Pattern) {
+      return pat.__pure;
+    }
+    return pat;
+  }
+
  const setPattern = async (pattern, autostart = true) => {
    pattern = editPattern?.(pattern) || pattern;
    await scheduler.setPattern(pattern, autostart);
@@ -85,7 +93,10 @@ export function repl({
  const start = () => scheduler.start();
  const pause = () => scheduler.pause();
  const toggle = () => scheduler.toggle();
-  const setCps = (cps) => scheduler.setCps(cps);
+  const setCps = (cps) => {
+    scheduler.setCps(unpure(cps));
+    return silence;
+  };

  /**
   * Changes the global tempo to the given cycles per minute
@@ -97,7 +108,10 @@ export function repl({
   * setcpm(140/4) // =140 bpm in 4/4
   * $: s("bd*4,[- sd]*2").bank('tr707')
   */
-  const setCpm = (cpm) => scheduler.setCps(cpm / 60);
+  const setCpm = (cpm) => {
+    scheduler.setCps(unpure(cpm) / 60);
+    return silence;
+  };

  // TODO - not documented as jsdoc examples as the test framework doesn't simulate enough context for `each` and `all`..

@@ -138,9 +152,9 @@ export function repl({
        // allows muting a pattern x with x_ or _x
        return silence;
      }
-      if (id === '$') {
+      if (id.includes('$')) {
        // allows adding anonymous patterns with $:
-        id = `$${anonymousIndex}`;
+        id = `${id}${anonymousIndex}`;
        anonymousIndex++;
      }
      pPatterns[id] = this;
@@ -200,7 +214,21 @@ export function repl({
      }
      let { pattern, meta } = await _evaluate(code, transpiler, transpilerOptions);
      if (Object.keys(pPatterns).length) {
-        let patterns = Object.values(pPatterns);
+        let patterns = [];
+        let soloActive = false;
+        for (const [key, value] of Object.entries(pPatterns)) {
+          // handle soloed patterns ex: S$: s("bd!4")
+          const isSolod = key.length > 1 && key.startsWith('S');
+          if (isSolod && soloActive === false) {
+            // first time we see a soloed pattern, clear existing patterns
+            patterns = [];
+            soloActive = true;
+          }
+          if (!soloActive || (soloActive && isSolod)) {
+            const valWithState = value.withState((state) => state.setControls({ id: key }));
+            patterns.push(valWithState);
+          }
+        }
        if (eachTransform) {
          // Explicit lambda so only element (not index and array) are passed
          patterns = patterns.map((x) => eachTransform(x));
@@ -210,13 +238,13 @@ export function repl({
        pattern = eachTransform(pattern);
      }
      if (allTransforms.length) {
-        for (let i in allTransforms) {
-          pattern = allTransforms[i](pattern);
+        for (const transform of allTransforms) {
+          pattern = transform(pattern);
        }
      }
+
      if (!isPattern(pattern)) {
-        const message = `got "${typeof evaluated}" instead of pattern`;
-        throw new Error(message + (typeof evaluated === 'function' ? ', did you forget to call a function?' : '.'));
+        pattern = silence;
      }
      logger(`[eval] code updated`);
      pattern = await setPattern(pattern, autostart);
@@ -228,7 +228,7 @@ const timeToRands = (t, n) => timeToRandsPrime(timeToIntSeed(t), n);
 export const run = (n) => saw.range(0, n).round().segment(n);

 /**
- * Creates a pattern from a binary number.
+ * Creates a binary pattern from a number.
 *
 * @name binary
 * @param {number} n - input number to convert to binary
@@ -242,7 +242,7 @@ export const binary = (n) => {
 };

 /**
- * Creates a pattern from a binary number, padded to n bits long.
+ * Creates a binary pattern from a number, padded to n bits long.
 *
 * @name binaryN
 * @param {number} n - input number to convert to binary
@@ -258,6 +258,51 @@ export const binaryN = (n, nBits = 16) => {
  return reify(n).segment(nBits).brshift(bitPos).band(pure(1));
 };

+/**
+ * Creates a binary list pattern from a number.
+ *
+ * @name binaryL
+ * @param {number} n - input number to convert to binary
+ * s("saw").seg(8)
+ *   .partials(binaryL(irand(4096).add(1)))
+ */
+export const binaryL = (n) => {
+  const nBits = reify(n).log2(0).floor().add(1);
+  return binaryNL(n, nBits);
+};
+
+/**
+ * Creates a binary list pattern from a number, padded to n bits long.
+ *
+ * @name binaryNL
+ * @param {number} n - input number to convert to binary
+ * @param {number} nBits - pattern length, defaults to 16
+ */
+export const binaryNL = (n, nBits = 16) => {
+  return reify(n)
+    .withValue((v) => (bits) => {
+      const bList = [];
+      for (let i = bits - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
+        bList.push((v >> i) & 1);
+      }
+      return bList;
+    })
+    .appLeft(reify(nBits));
+};
+
+/**
+ * Creates a list of random numbers of the given length
+ *
+ * @name randL
+ * @param {number} n Number of random numbers to sample
+ * @example
+ * s("saw").seg(16).n(irand(12)).scale("F1:minor")
+ *   .partials(randL(8))
+ */
+export const randL = (n) => {
+  return signal((t) => (nVal) => timeToRands(t, nVal).map(Math.abs)).appLeft(reify(n));
+};
+
 export const randrun = (n) => {
  return signal((t) => {
    // Without adding 0.5, the first cycle is always 0,1,2,3,...
@@ -479,7 +524,7 @@ export const wchoose = (...pairs) => wchooseWith(rand, ...pairs);
 * @example
 * wchooseCycles(["bd",10], ["hh",1], ["sd",1]).s().fast(8)
 * @example
- * wchooseCycles(["bd bd bd",5], ["hh hh hh",3], ["sd sd sd",1]).fast(4).s()
+ * wchooseCycles(["c c c",5], ["a a a",3], ["f f f",1]).fast(4).note()
 * @example
 * // The probability can itself be a pattern
 * wchooseCycles(["bd(3,8)","<5 0>"], ["hh hh hh",3]).fast(4).s()
@@ -19,9 +19,9 @@ export class State {
    return this.setSpan(func(this.span));
  }

-  // Returns new State with different controls
+  // Returns new State with added controls.
  setControls(controls) {
-    return new State(this.span, controls);
+    return new State(this.span, { ...this.controls, ...controls });
  }
 }

@@ -1,14 +1,14 @@
-import { bjork } from '../euclid.mjs';
+import { bjorklund } from '../euclid.mjs';
 import { describe, expect, it } from 'vitest';
 import { fastcat } from '../pattern.mjs';

-describe('bjork', () => {
-  it('should apply bjorklund to ons and steps', () => {
-    expect(bjork(3, 8)).toStrictEqual([1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0]);
-    expect(bjork(-3, 8)).toStrictEqual([0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1]);
-    expect(bjork(8, 8)).toStrictEqual([1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1]);
-    expect(bjork(-8, 8)).toStrictEqual([0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]);
-    expect(bjork(5, 8)).toStrictEqual([1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0]);
+describe('bjorklund', () => {
+  it('should apply bjorklundlund to ons and steps', () => {
+    expect(bjorklund(3, 8)).toStrictEqual([1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0]);
+    expect(bjorklund(-3, 8)).toStrictEqual([0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1]);
+    expect(bjorklund(8, 8)).toStrictEqual([1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1]);
+    expect(bjorklund(-8, 8)).toStrictEqual([0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]);
+    expect(bjorklund(5, 8)).toStrictEqual([1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0]);
  });
 });

@@ -586,6 +586,18 @@ describe('Pattern', () => {
          .map((a) => a.value),
      ).toStrictEqual(['c', 'b', 'a']);
    });
+    it('Does not reverse the order of cycles', () => {
+      expect(fastcat('a', 'b', 'c', 'd').slow(2).rev().fast(2).sortHapsByPart().firstCycle()).toStrictEqual(
+        fastcat('b', 'a', 'd', 'c').firstCycle(),
+      );
+    });
+  });
+  describe('revv()', () => {
+    it('Does reverse the order of cycles', () => {
+      expect(fastcat('a', 'b', 'c', 'd').slow(2).revv().fast(2).sortHapsByPart().firstCycle()).toStrictEqual(
+        fastcat('d', 'c', 'b', 'a').firstCycle(),
+      );
+    });
  });
  describe('sequence()', () => {
    it('Can work like fastcat', () => {
@@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under th
 import { logger } from './logger.mjs';

 // returns true if the given string is a note
-export const isNoteWithOctave = (name) => /^[a-gA-G][#bs]*[0-9]$/.test(name);
-export const isNote = (name) => /^[a-gA-G][#bsf]*[0-9]?$/.test(name);
+export const isNoteWithOctave = (name) => /^[a-gA-G][#bsf]*[0-9]*$/.test(name);
+export const isNote = (name) => /^[a-gA-G][#bsf]*-?[0-9]*$/.test(name);
 export const tokenizeNote = (note) => {
  if (typeof note !== 'string') {
    return [];
  }
-  const [pc, acc = '', oct] = note.match(/^([a-gA-G])([#bsf]*)([0-9]*)$/)?.slice(1) || [];
+  const [pc, acc = '', oct] = note.match(/^([a-gA-G])([#bsf]*)(-?[0-9]*)$/)?.slice(1) || [];
  if (!pc) {
    return [];
  }
@@ -23,6 +23,10 @@ export const tokenizeNote = (note) => {
 const chromas = { c: 0, d: 2, e: 4, f: 5, g: 7, a: 9, b: 11 };
 const accs = { '#': 1, b: -1, s: 1, f: -1 };

+export const getAccidentalsOffset = (accidentals) => {
+  return accidentals?.split('').reduce((o, char) => o + accs[char], 0) || 0;
+};
+
 // turns the given note into its midi number representation
 export const noteToMidi = (note, defaultOctave = 3) => {
  const [pc, acc, oct = defaultOctave] = tokenizeNote(note);
@@ -30,7 +34,7 @@ export const noteToMidi = (note, defaultOctave = 3) => {
    throw new Error('not a note: "' + note + '"');
  }
  const chroma = chromas[pc.toLowerCase()];
-  const offset = acc?.split('').reduce((o, char) => o + accs[char], 0) || 0;
+  const offset = getAccidentalsOffset(acc);
  return (Number(oct) + 1) * 12 + chroma + offset;
 };
 export const midiToFreq = (n) => {
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
  "name": "@strudel/csound",
-  "version": "1.2.5",
+  "version": "1.2.6",
  "description": "csound bindings for strudel",
  "main": "index.mjs",
  "type": "module",
@@ -38,5 +38,8 @@
  },
  "devDependencies": {
    "vite": "^6.0.11"
+  },
+  "engines": {
+    "node": ">=18.0.0"
  }
 }
@@ -25,5 +25,8 @@
    "@strudel/core": "workspace:*",
    "@tauri-apps/api": "^2.2.0"
  },
-  "homepage": "https://codeberg.org/uzu/strudel#readme"
+  "homepage": "https://codeberg.org/uzu/strudel#readme",
+  "engines": {
+    "node": ">=18.0.0"
+  }
 }
@@ -84,9 +84,18 @@ Pattern.prototype.onPaint = function (painter) {
      state.controls.painters = [];
    }
    state.controls.painters.push(painter);
+    return state;
  });
 };

+// TODO - Why isn't this pure deep copy not working?
+// Pattern.prototype.onPaint = function (painter) {
+//   return this.withState((state) => {
+//     const painters = state.controls.painters ? [...state.controls.painters, painter] : [painter];
+//     return new State(state.span, { ...state.controls, painters });
+//   });
+// };
+
 Pattern.prototype.getPainters = function () {
  let painters = [];
  this.queryArc(0, 0, { painters });
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
  "name": "@strudel/draw",
-  "version": "1.2.4",
+  "version": "1.2.5",
  "description": "Helpers for drawing with Strudel",
  "main": "index.mjs",
  "type": "module",
@@ -33,5 +33,8 @@
  },
  "devDependencies": {
    "vite": "^6.0.11"
+  },
+  "engines": {
+    "node": ">=18.0.0"
  }
 }
@@ -20,5 +20,8 @@
  "bugs": {
    "url": "https://codeberg.org/uzu/strudel/issues"
  },
-  "homepage": "https://codeberg.org/uzu/strudel#readme"
+  "homepage": "https://codeberg.org/uzu/strudel#readme",
+  "engines": {
+    "node": ">=18.0.0"
+  }
 }
@@ -40,6 +40,12 @@ const pattern = sequence([
 - D-Pad
  - `up`, `down`, `left`, `right` (or `u`, `d`, `l`, `r` or uppercase)
  - Toggle versions: `tglUp`, `tglDown`, `tglLeft`, `tglRight`(or `tglU`, `tglD`, `tglL`, `tglR`)
+- Stick Buttons
+  - `l3`, `r3` (or `ls`, `rs`)
+  - Toggle versions: `tglL3`, `tglR3` (or `tglLS`, `tglRS`)
+- System Buttons
+  - `start`, `back` (or uppercase `START`, `BACK`)
+  - Toggle versions: `tglStart`, `tglBack` (or `tglSTART`, `tglBACK`)

 ### Analog Sticks
 - Left Stick
@@ -29,6 +29,10 @@ The gamepad module provides access to buttons and analog sticks as normalized si
 |                  | Toggle versions: `tglLB`, `tglRB`, `tglLT`, `tglRT`                                            |
 | D-Pad            | `up`, `down`, `left`, `right` (or `u`, `d`, `l`, `r` or uppercase)                             |
 |                  | Toggle versions: `tglUp`, `tglDown`, `tglLeft`, `tglRight` (or `tglU`, `tglD`, `tglL`, `tglR`) |
+| Stick Buttons    | `l3`, 'r3' (or `ls`, `rs`)                                                                     |
+|                  | Toggle versions: `tglL3`, 'tglR3' (or `tglLs`, `tglRs`)                                        |
+| System Buttons   | `start`, `back` (or uppercase `START`, `BACK`)                                                 |
+|                  | Toggle versions: `tglStart`, `tglBack` (or `tglSTART`, `tglBACK`)                              |

 ### Analog Sticks

@@ -14,6 +14,10 @@ export const buttonMap = {
  rt: 7,
  back: 8,
  start: 9,
+  l3: 10,
+  ls: 10,
+  r3: 11,
+  rs: 11,
  u: 12,
  up: 12,
  d: 13,
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
  "name": "@strudel/gamepad",
-  "version": "1.2.4",
+  "version": "1.2.5",
  "description": "Gamepad Inputs for strudel",
  "main": "index.mjs",
  "type": "module",
@@ -33,5 +33,8 @@
  },
  "devDependencies": {
    "vite": "^6.0.11"
+  },
+  "engines": {
+    "node": ">=18.0.0"
  }
 }
@@ -34,5 +34,8 @@
  "devDependencies": {
    "tree-sitter-haskell": "^0.23.1",
    "vite": "^6.0.11"
+  },
+  "engines": {
+    "node": ">=18.0.0"
  }
 }
@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@ export async function initHydra(options = {}) {
      hydra.synth.s0.init({ src: canvas });
    }
  }
+  return hydra;
 }

 export function clearHydra() {
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
  "name": "@strudel/hydra",
-  "version": "1.2.4",
+  "version": "1.2.5",
  "description": "Hydra integration for strudel",
  "main": "hydra.mjs",
  "type": "module",
@@ -40,5 +40,8 @@
  "devDependencies": {
    "pkg": "^5.8.1",
    "vite": "^6.0.11"
+  },
+  "engines": {
+    "node": ">=18.0.0"
  }
 }
@@ -5,9 +5,10 @@ This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under th
 */

 import * as _WebMidi from 'webmidi';
-import { Pattern, getEventOffsetMs, isPattern, logger, ref } from '@strudel/core';
+import { Pattern, isPattern, logger, ref } from '@strudel/core';
 import { noteToMidi, getControlName } from '@strudel/core';
 import { Note } from 'webmidi';
+import { scheduleAtTime } from '../superdough/helpers.mjs';

 // if you use WebMidi from outside of this package, make sure to import that instance:
 export const { WebMidi } = _WebMidi;
@@ -190,7 +191,7 @@ function mapCC(mapping, value) {
 }

 // sends a cc message to the given device on the given channel
-function sendCC(ccn, ccv, device, midichan, timeOffsetString) {
+function sendCC(ccn, ccv, device, midichan, targetTime) {
  if (typeof ccv !== 'number' || ccv < 0 || ccv > 1) {
    throw new Error('expected ccv to be a number between 0 and 1');
  }
@@ -198,19 +199,23 @@ function sendCC(ccn, ccv, device, midichan, timeOffsetString) {
    throw new Error('expected ccn to be a number or a string');
  }
  const scaled = Math.round(ccv * 127);
-  device.sendControlChange(ccn, scaled, midichan, { time: timeOffsetString });
+  scheduleAtTime(() => {
+    device.sendControlChange(ccn, scaled, midichan);
+  }, targetTime);
 }

 // sends a program change message to the given device on the given channel
-function sendProgramChange(progNum, device, midichan, timeOffsetString) {
+function sendProgramChange(progNum, device, midichan, targetTime) {
  if (typeof progNum !== 'number' || progNum < 0 || progNum > 127) {
    throw new Error('expected progNum (program change) to be a number between 0 and 127');
  }
-  device.sendProgramChange(progNum, midichan, { time: timeOffsetString });
+  scheduleAtTime(() => {
+    device.sendProgramChange(progNum, midichan);
+  }, targetTime);
 }

 // sends a sysex message to the given device on the given channel
-function sendSysex(sysexid, sysexdata, device, timeOffsetString) {
+function sendSysex(sysexid, sysexdata, device, targetTime) {
  if (Array.isArray(sysexid)) {
    if (!sysexid.every((byte) => Number.isInteger(byte) && byte >= 0 && byte <= 255)) {
      throw new Error('all sysexid bytes must be integers between 0 and 255');
@@ -225,11 +230,13 @@ function sendSysex(sysexid, sysexdata, device, timeOffsetString) {
  if (!sysexdata.every((byte) => Number.isInteger(byte) && byte >= 0 && byte <= 255)) {
    throw new Error('all sysex bytes must be integers between 0 and 255');
  }
-  device.sendSysex(sysexid, sysexdata, { time: timeOffsetString });
+  scheduleAtTime(() => {
+    device.sendSysex(sysexid, sysexdata);
+  }, targetTime);
 }

 // sends a NRPN message to the given device on the given channel
-function sendNRPN(nrpnn, nrpv, device, midichan, timeOffsetString) {
+function sendNRPN(nrpnn, nrpv, device, midichan, targetTime) {
  if (Array.isArray(nrpnn)) {
    if (!nrpnn.every((byte) => Number.isInteger(byte) && byte >= 0 && byte <= 255)) {
      throw new Error('all nrpnn bytes must be integers between 0 and 255');
@@ -237,28 +244,34 @@ function sendNRPN(nrpnn, nrpv, device, midichan, timeOffsetString) {
  } else if (!Number.isInteger(nrpv) || nrpv < 0 || nrpv > 255) {
    throw new Error('A:sysexid must be an number between 0 and 255 or an array of such integers');
  }
-
-  device.sendNRPN(nrpnn, nrpv, midichan, { time: timeOffsetString });
+  scheduleAtTime(() => {
+    device.sendNRPN(nrpnn, nrpv, midichan);
+  }, targetTime);
 }

 // sends a pitch bend message to the given device on the given channel
-function sendPitchBend(midibend, device, midichan, timeOffsetString) {
+function sendPitchBend(midibend, device, midichan, targetTime) {
  if (typeof midibend !== 'number' || midibend < -1 || midibend > 1) {
    throw new Error('expected midibend to be a number between -1 and 1');
  }
-  device.sendPitchBend(midibend, midichan, { time: timeOffsetString });
+  scheduleAtTime(() => {
+    device.sendPitchBend(midibend, midichan);
+  }, targetTime);
 }

 // sends a channel aftertouch message to the given device on the given channel
-function sendAftertouch(miditouch, device, midichan, timeOffsetString) {
+function sendAftertouch(miditouch, device, midichan, targetTime) {
  if (typeof miditouch !== 'number' || miditouch < 0 || miditouch > 1) {
    throw new Error('expected miditouch to be a number between 0 and 1');
  }
-  device.sendChannelAftertouch(miditouch, midichan, { time: timeOffsetString });
+
+  scheduleAtTime(() => {
+    device.sendChannelAftertouch(miditouch, midichan);
+  }, targetTime);
 }

 // sends a note message to the given device on the given channel
-function sendNote(note, velocity, duration, device, midichan, timeOffsetString) {
+function sendNote(note, velocity, duration, device, midichan, targetTime) {
  if (note == null || note === '') {
    throw new Error('note cannot be null or empty');
  }
@@ -268,12 +281,12 @@ function sendNote(note, velocity, duration, device, midichan, timeOffsetString)
  if (duration != null && (typeof duration !== 'number' || duration < 0)) {
    throw new Error('duration must be a positive number');
  }
-
  const midiNumber = typeof note === 'number' ? note : noteToMidi(note);
  const midiNote = new Note(midiNumber, { attack: velocity, duration });
-  device.playNote(midiNote, midichan, {
-    time: timeOffsetString,
-  });
+
+  scheduleAtTime(() => {
+    device.playNote(midiNote, midichan);
+  }, targetTime);
 }

 /**
@@ -309,7 +322,6 @@ Pattern.prototype.midi = function (midiport, options = {}) {
  let midiConfig = {
    // Default configuration values
    isController: false, // Disable sending notes for midi controllers
-    latencyMs: 34, // Default latency to get audio engine to line up in ms
    noteOffsetMs: 10, // Default note-off offset to prevent glitching in ms
    midichannel: 1, // Default MIDI channel
    velocity: 0.9, // Default velocity
@@ -333,18 +345,13 @@ Pattern.prototype.midi = function (midiport, options = {}) {
      logger(`Midi device disconnected! Available: ${getMidiDeviceNamesString(outputs)}`),
  });

-  return this.onTrigger((hap, currentTime, cps, targetTime) => {
+  return this.onTrigger((hap, _currentTime, cps, targetTime) => {
    if (!WebMidi.enabled) {
      logger('Midi not enabled');
      return;
    }
    hap.ensureObjectValue();

-    //magic number to get audio engine to line up, can probably be calculated somehow
-    const latencyMs = midiConfig.latencyMs;
-    // passing a string with a +num into the webmidi api adds an offset to the current time https://webmidijs.org/api/classes/Output
-    const timeOffsetString = `+${getEventOffsetMs(targetTime, currentTime) + latencyMs}`;
-
    // midi event values from hap with configurable defaults
    let {
      note,
@@ -380,7 +387,7 @@ Pattern.prototype.midi = function (midiport, options = {}) {
    // if midimap is set, send a cc messages from defined controls
    if (midicontrolMap.has(midimap)) {
      const ccs = mapCC(midicontrolMap.get(midimap), hap.value);
-      ccs.forEach(({ ccn, ccv }) => sendCC(ccn, ccv, device, midichan, timeOffsetString));
+      ccs.forEach(({ ccn, ccv }) => sendCC(ccn, ccv, device, midichan, targetTime));
    } else if (midimap !== 'default') {
      // Add warning when a non-existent midimap is specified
      logger(`[midi] midimap "${midimap}" not found! Available maps: ${[...midicontrolMap.keys()].join(', ')}`);
@@ -392,12 +399,12 @@ Pattern.prototype.midi = function (midiport, options = {}) {
      // try to prevent glitching by subtracting noteOffsetMs from the duration length
      const duration = (hap.duration.valueOf() / cps) * 1000 - midiConfig.noteOffsetMs;

-      sendNote(note, velocity, duration, device, midichan, timeOffsetString);
+      sendNote(note, velocity, duration, device, midichan, targetTime);
    }

    // Handle program change
    if (progNum !== undefined) {
-      sendProgramChange(progNum, device, midichan, timeOffsetString);
+      sendProgramChange(progNum, device, midichan, targetTime);
    }

    // Handle sysex
@@ -407,53 +414,63 @@ Pattern.prototype.midi = function (midiport, options = {}) {
    // if sysexid is an array the first byte is 0x00

    if (sysexid !== undefined && sysexdata !== undefined) {
-      sendSysex(sysexid, sysexdata, device, timeOffsetString);
+      sendSysex(sysexid, sysexdata, device, targetTime);
    }

    // Handle control change
    if (ccv !== undefined && ccn !== undefined) {
-      sendCC(ccn, ccv, device, midichan, timeOffsetString);
+      sendCC(ccn, ccv, device, midichan, targetTime);
    }

    // Handle NRPN non-registered parameter number
    if (nrpnn !== undefined && nrpv !== undefined) {
-      sendNRPN(nrpnn, nrpv, device, midichan, timeOffsetString);
+      sendNRPN(nrpnn, nrpv, device, midichan, targetTime);
    }

    // Handle midibend
    if (midibend !== undefined) {
-      sendPitchBend(midibend, device, midichan, timeOffsetString);
+      sendPitchBend(midibend, device, midichan, targetTime);
    }

    // Handle miditouch
    if (miditouch !== undefined) {
-      sendAftertouch(miditouch, device, midichan, timeOffsetString);
+      sendAftertouch(miditouch, device, midichan, targetTime);
    }

    // Handle midicmd
    if (hap.whole.begin + 0 === 0) {
      // we need to start here because we have the timing info
-      device.sendStart({ time: timeOffsetString });
+      scheduleAtTime(() => {
+        device.sendStart();
+      }, targetTime);
    }
    if (['clock', 'midiClock'].includes(midicmd)) {
-      device.sendClock({ time: timeOffsetString });
+      scheduleAtTime(() => {
+        device.sendClock();
+      }, targetTime);
    } else if (['start'].includes(midicmd)) {
-      device.sendStart({ time: timeOffsetString });
+      scheduleAtTime(() => {
+        device.sendStart();
+      }, targetTime);
    } else if (['stop'].includes(midicmd)) {
-      device.sendStop({ time: timeOffsetString });
+      scheduleAtTime(() => {
+        device.sendStop();
+      }, targetTime);
    } else if (['continue'].includes(midicmd)) {
-      device.sendContinue({ time: timeOffsetString });
+      scheduleAtTime(() => {
+        device.sendContinue();
+      }, targetTime);
    } else if (Array.isArray(midicmd)) {
      if (midicmd[0] === 'progNum') {
-        sendProgramChange(midicmd[1], device, midichan, timeOffsetString);
+        sendProgramChange(midicmd[1], device, midichan, targetTime);
      } else if (midicmd[0] === 'cc') {
        if (midicmd.length === 2) {
-          sendCC(midicmd[0], midicmd[1] / 127, device, midichan, timeOffsetString);
+          sendCC(midicmd[0], midicmd[1] / 127, device, midichan, targetTime);
        }
      } else if (midicmd[0] === 'sysex') {
        if (midicmd.length === 3) {
          const [_, id, data] = midicmd;
-          sendSysex(id, data, device, timeOffsetString);
+          sendSysex(id, data, device, targetTime);
        }
      }
    }
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
  "name": "@strudel/midi",
-  "version": "1.2.5",
+  "version": "1.2.6",
  "description": "Midi API for strudel",
  "main": "index.mjs",
  "type": "module",
@@ -35,5 +35,8 @@
  },
  "devDependencies": {
    "vite": "^6.0.11"
+  },
+  "engines": {
+    "node": ">=18.0.0"
  }
 }
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
  "name": "@strudel/mini",
-  "version": "1.2.4",
+  "version": "1.2.5",
  "description": "Mini notation for strudel",
  "main": "index.mjs",
  "type": "module",
@@ -38,5 +38,8 @@
    "peggy": "^4.2.0",
    "vite": "^6.0.11",
    "vitest": "^3.0.4"
+  },
+  "engines": {
+    "node": ">=18.0.0"
  }
 }
@@ -21,13 +21,14 @@ export class MondoParser {
    close_curly: /^\}/,
    number: /^-?[0-9]*\.?[0-9]+/, // before pipe!
    // TODO: better error handling when "-" is used as rest, e.g "s [- bd]"
-    op: /^[*/:!@%?+-]|^\.{2}/, // * / : ! @ % ? ..
+    op: /^[*/:!@%?+\-&]|^\.{2}/, // * / : ! @ % ? ..
    // dollar: /^\$/,
    pipe: /^#/,
    stack: /^[,$]/,
    or: /^[|]/,
    plain: /^[a-zA-Z0-9-~_^#]+/,
  };
+  op_precedence = [['*', '/', ':', '!', '@', '%', '?', '+', '-', '..'], ['&']];
  // matches next token
  next_token(code, offset = 0) {
    for (let type in this.token_types) {
@@ -150,9 +151,9 @@ export class MondoParser {
    }
    return children;
  }
-  desugar_ops(children) {
+  desugar_ops(children, types) {
    while (true) {
-      let opIndex = children.findIndex((child) => child.type === 'op');
+      let opIndex = children.findIndex((child) => child.type === 'op' && types.includes(child.value));
      if (opIndex === -1) break;
      const op = { type: 'plain', value: children[opIndex].value };
      if (opIndex === children.length - 1) {
@@ -263,8 +264,10 @@ export class MondoParser {
          // the type we've removed before splitting needs to be added back
          children = [{ type: 'plain', value: type }, ...children];
        }
-        children = this.desugar_ops(children);
-        // children = this.desugar_pipes(children, (children) => this.desugar_dollars(children));
+        // for each precendence group, call desugar_ops once
+        this.op_precedence.forEach((ops) => {
+          children = this.desugar_ops(children, ops);
+        });
        children = this.desugar_pipes(children);
        return children;
      }),
@@ -33,5 +33,8 @@
  "devDependencies": {
    "vite": "^6.0.11",
    "vitest": "^3.0.4"
+  },
+  "engines": {
+    "node": ">=18.0.0"
  }
 }
@@ -117,6 +117,7 @@ describe('mondo sugar', () => {
  it('should desugar x:y', () => expect(desguar('x:y')).toEqual('(: y x)'));
  it('should desugar x:y:z', () => expect(desguar('x:y:z')).toEqual('(: z (: y x))'));
  it('should desugar x:y*x', () => expect(desguar('bd:0*2')).toEqual('(* 2 (: 0 bd))'));
+  it('should desugar x&y:z', () => expect(desguar('bd&3:8')).toEqual('(& (: 8 3) bd)'));
  it('should desugar a..b', () => expect(desguar('0..2')).toEqual('(.. 2 0)'));
  /* it('should desugar x $ y', () => expect(desguar('x $ y')).toEqual('(x y)'));
  it('should desugar x $ y z', () => expect(desguar('x $ y z')).toEqual('(x (y z))'));
@@ -5,12 +5,13 @@ import {
  slow,
  seq,
  stepcat,
-  extend,
+  replicate,
  expand,
  pace,
  chooseIn,
  degradeBy,
  silence,
+  bjork,
 } from '@strudel/core';
 import { registerLanguage } from '@strudel/transpiler';
 import { MondoRunner } from 'mondolang';
@@ -36,10 +37,11 @@ lib.square = (...args) => stepcat(...args).setSteps(1);
 lib.angle = (...args) => stepcat(...args).pace(1);
 lib['*'] = fast;
 lib['/'] = slow;
-lib['!'] = extend;
+lib['!'] = replicate;
 lib['@'] = expand;
 lib['%'] = pace;
 lib['?'] = degradeBy; // todo: default 0.5 not working..
+lib['&'] = bjork;
 lib[':'] = tail;
 lib['..'] = range;
 lib['def'] = () => silence;
@@ -85,7 +87,7 @@ function evaluator(node, scope) {
  let pat;
  if (type === 'plain' && typeof variable !== 'undefined') {
    // some function names are not patternable, so we skip reification here
-    if (['!', 'extend', '@', 'expand', 'square', 'angle'].includes(value)) {
+    if (['!', 'extend', '@', 'expand', 'square', 'angle', 'all', 'setcpm', 'setcps'].includes(value)) {
      return variable;
    }
    pat = reify(variable);
@@ -108,7 +110,7 @@ export function mondo(code, offset = 0) {
  return pat.markcss('color: var(--caret,--foreground);text-decoration:underline');
 }

-let getLocations = (code, offset) => runner.parser.get_locations(code, offset);
+export let getLocations = (code, offset) => runner.parser.get_locations(code, offset);

 export const mondi = (str, offset) => {
  const code = `[${str}]`;
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
  "name": "@strudel/mondo",
-  "version": "1.1.2",
+  "version": "1.1.5",
  "description": "mondo notation for strudel",
  "main": "mondough.mjs",
  "type": "module",
@@ -40,5 +40,8 @@
    "mondo": "*",
    "vite": "^6.0.11",
    "vitest": "^3.0.4"
+  },
+  "engines": {
+    "node": ">=18.0.0"
  }
 }
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 import { defineConfig } from 'vite';
-//import { dependencies } from './package.json';
+import { dependencies } from './package.json';
 import { resolve } from 'path';

 // https://vitejs.dev/config/
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ export default defineConfig({
      fileName: (ext) => ({ es: 'mondough.mjs' })[ext],
    },
    rollupOptions: {
-      // external: [...Object.keys(dependencies)],
+      external: [...Object.keys(dependencies)],
    },
    target: 'esnext',
  },
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
  "name": "@strudel/motion",
-  "version": "1.2.4",
+  "version": "1.2.5",
  "description": "DeviceMotion API for strudel",
  "main": "index.mjs",
  "type": "module",
@@ -33,5 +33,8 @@
  },
  "devDependencies": {
    "vite": "^6.0.11"
+  },
+  "engines": {
+    "node": ">=18.0.0"
  }
 }
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ Pattern.prototype.mqtt = function (
    cx.connect(props);
  }
  return this.withHap((hap) => {
-    const onTrigger = (t_deprecate, hap, currentTime, cps, targetTime) => {
+    const onTrigger = (hap, currentTime, cps, targetTime) => {
      let msg_topic = topic;
      if (!cx || !cx.isConnected()) {
        return;
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
  "name": "@strudel/mqtt",
-  "version": "1.2.4",
+  "version": "1.2.5",
  "description": "MQTT API for strudel",
  "main": "mqtt.mjs",
  "type": "module",
@@ -34,5 +34,8 @@
  },
  "devDependencies": {
    "vite": "^6.0.11"
+  },
+  "engines": {
+    "node": ">=18.0.0"
  }
 }
@@ -4,21 +4,13 @@ OSC output for strudel patterns! Currently only tested with super collider / sup

 ## Usage

-OSC will only work if you run the REPL locally + the OSC server besides it:
+Assuming you have [node.js](https://nodejs.org/) installed, you can run the osc bridge server via:

-From the project root:
-
-```js
-npm run repl
+```sh
+npx @strudel/osc
 ```

-and in a seperate shell:
-
-```js
-npm run osc
-```
-
-This should give you
+You should see something like:

 ```log
 osc client running on port 57120
@@ -26,14 +18,32 @@ osc server running on port 57121
 websocket server running on port 8080
 ```

-Now open Supercollider (with the super dirt startup file)
+### --port

-Now open the REPL and type:
+By default it will use port 57120 for the osc client, which is what [superdirt](https://github.com/musikinformatik/SuperDirt) uses. You can change it via the `--port` option:

-```js
-s("<bd sd> hh").osc()
+```sh
+npx @strudel/osc --port 7771 # classic dirt
 ```

-or just [click here](https://strudel.cc/#cygiPGJkIHNkPiBoaCIpLm9zYygp)...
+### --debug
+
+To log all incoming osc messages, add the `--debug` flag:
+
+```sh
+npx @strudel/osc --debug
+```
+
+## Usage in Strudel
+
+To test it in strudel, you have can use `all(osc)` to send all events through osc:
+
+```js
+$: s("bd*4")
+
+all(osc)
+```
+
+[open in repl](https://strudel.cc/#JDogcygiYmQqNCIpCgphbGwob3NjKQ%3D%3D)

 You can read more about [how to use Superdirt with Strudel the Tutorial](https://strudel.cc/learn/input-output/#superdirt-api)
@@ -4,28 +4,25 @@ Copyright (C) 2022 Strudel contributors - see <https://codeberg.org/uzu/strudel/
 This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later version. This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU Affero General Public License for more details. You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public License along with this program.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */

-import OSC from 'osc-js';
-
-import { logger, parseNumeral, Pattern, isNote, noteToMidi, ClockCollator } from '@strudel/core';
+import { logger, parseNumeral, register, isNote, noteToMidi, ClockCollator } from '@strudel/core';

 let connection; // Promise<OSC>
 function connect() {
  if (!connection) {
    // make sure this runs only once
    connection = new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
-      const osc = new OSC();
-      osc.open();
-      osc.on('open', () => {
-        const url = osc.options?.plugin?.socket?.url;
-        logger(`[osc] connected${url ? ` to ${url}` : ''}`);
-        resolve(osc);
+      const ws = new WebSocket('ws://localhost:8080');
+      ws.addEventListener('open', (event) => {
+        logger(`[osc] websocket connected`);
+        resolve(ws);
      });
-      osc.on('close', () => {
+      ws.addEventListener('close', (event) => {
+        logger(`[osc] websocket closed`);
        connection = undefined; // allows new connection afterwards
        console.log('[osc] disconnected');
        reject('OSC connection closed');
      });
-      osc.on('error', (err) => reject(err));
+      ws.addEventListener('error', (err) => reject(err));
    }).catch((err) => {
      connection = undefined;
      throw new Error('Could not connect to OSC server. Is it running?');
@@ -61,15 +58,19 @@ export function parseControlsFromHap(hap, cps) {
 const collator = new ClockCollator({});

 export async function oscTrigger(hap, currentTime, cps = 1, targetTime) {
-  const osc = await connect();
+  const ws = await connect();
  const controls = parseControlsFromHap(hap, cps);
  const keyvals = Object.entries(controls).flat();
+  const ts = collator.calculateTimestamp(currentTime, targetTime) * 1000;
+  const msg = { address: '/dirt/play', args: keyvals, timestamp: ts };

-  const ts = Math.round(collator.calculateTimestamp(currentTime, targetTime) * 1000);
-  const message = new OSC.Message('/dirt/play', ...keyvals);
-  const bundle = new OSC.Bundle([message], ts);
-  bundle.timestamp(ts); // workaround for https://github.com/adzialocha/osc-js/issues/60
-  osc.send(bundle);
+  if ('oschost' in hap.value) {
+    msg['host'] = hap.value['oschost'];
+  }
+  if ('oscport' in hap.value) {
+    msg['port'] = hap.value['oscport'];
+  }
+  ws.send(JSON.stringify(msg));
 }

 /**
@@ -81,6 +82,4 @@ export async function oscTrigger(hap, currentTime, cps = 1, targetTime) {
 * @memberof Pattern
 * @returns Pattern
 */
-Pattern.prototype.osc = function () {
-  return this.onTrigger(oscTrigger);
-};
+export const osc = register('osc', (pat) => pat.onTrigger(oscTrigger));
@@ -1,8 +1,9 @@
 {
  "name": "@strudel/osc",
-  "version": "1.2.4",
+  "version": "1.3.0",
  "description": "OSC messaging for strudel",
  "main": "osc.mjs",
+  "bin": "./server.js",
  "type": "module",
  "publishConfig": {
    "main": "dist/index.mjs"
@@ -37,10 +38,14 @@
  "homepage": "https://codeberg.org/uzu/strudel#readme",
  "dependencies": {
    "@strudel/core": "workspace:*",
-    "osc-js": "^2.4.1"
+    "osc": "^2.4.5",
+    "ws": "^8.18.3"
  },
  "devDependencies": {
    "pkg": "^5.8.1",
    "vite": "^6.0.11"
+  },
+  "engines": {
+    "node": ">=18.0.0"
  }
 }
@@ -1,34 +1,64 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env node
+
 /*
 server.js - <short description TODO>
 Copyright (C) 2022 Strudel contributors - see <https://codeberg.org/uzu/strudel/src/branch/main/packages/osc/server.js>
 This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later version. This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU Affero General Public License for more details. You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public License along with this program.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */

-import OSC from 'osc-js';
+// import OSC from 'osc-js';

-const config = {
-  receiver: 'ws', // @param {string} Where messages sent via 'send' method will be delivered to, 'ws' for Websocket clients, 'udp' for udp client
-  udpServer: {
-    host: 'localhost', // @param {string} Hostname of udp server to bind to
-    port: 57121, // @param {number} Port of udp client for messaging
-    // enabling the following line will receive tidal messages:
-    // port: 57120, // @param {number} Port of udp client for messaging
-    exclusive: false, // @param {boolean} Exclusive flag
-  },
-  udpClient: {
-    host: 'localhost', // @param {string} Hostname of udp client for messaging
-    port: 57120, // @param {number} Port of udp client for messaging
-  },
-  wsServer: {
-    host: 'localhost', // @param {string} Hostname of WebSocket server
-    port: 8080, // @param {number} Port of WebSocket server
-  },
-};
+import { WebSocketServer } from 'ws';
+import osc from 'osc';

-const osc = new OSC({ plugin: new OSC.BridgePlugin(config) });
+const WS_PORT = 8080; // WebSocket server port
+const OSC_REMOTE_IP = '127.0.0.1';
+const OSC_REMOTE_PORT = 57120;

-osc.open(); // start a WebSocket server on port 8080
+const udpPort = new osc.UDPPort({
+  localAddress: '0.0.0.0',
+  localPort: 0,
+  remoteAddress: OSC_REMOTE_IP,
+  remotePort: OSC_REMOTE_PORT,
+});

-console.log('osc client running on port', config.udpClient.port);
-console.log('osc server running on port', config.udpServer.port);
-console.log('websocket server running on port', config.wsServer.port);
+udpPort.open();
+console.log(`[Sending OSC] ${OSC_REMOTE_IP}:${OSC_REMOTE_PORT}`);
+
+udpPort.on('error', (e) => {
+  console.log('Error: ', e);
+});
+
+const wss = new WebSocketServer({ port: WS_PORT });
+console.log(`[Listening WS] ws://localhost:${WS_PORT}`);
+
+wss.on('connection', (ws) => {
+  console.log('New WebSocket connection');
+
+  ws.on('message', (message) => {
+    let osc_host = '127.0.0.1';
+    let osc_port = 57120;
+
+    try {
+      const data = JSON.parse(message);
+      if ('host' in data) {
+        osc_host = data['host'];
+      }
+      if ('port' in data) {
+        osc_port = data['port'];
+      }
+      let msg = { address: data['address'], args: data['args'] };
+      if ('timestamp' in data) {
+        msg = { timeTag: osc.timeTag(0, data['timestamp']), packets: [msg] };
+      }
+
+      udpPort.send(msg, osc_host, osc_port);
+    } catch (err) {
+      console.error('Error parsing message:', err);
+    }
+  });
+
+  ws.on('close', () => {
+    console.log('WebSocket connection closed');
+  });
+});
@@ -33,5 +33,8 @@
  "homepage": "https://codeberg.org/uzu/strudel#readme",
  "devDependencies": {
    "vite": "^6.0.11"
+  },
+  "engines": {
+    "node": ">=18.0.0"
  }
 }
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
  "name": "@strudel/repl",
-  "version": "1.2.5",
+  "version": "1.2.7",
  "description": "Strudel REPL as a Web Component",
  "module": "index.mjs",
  "publishConfig": {
@@ -48,5 +48,8 @@
    "@rollup/plugin-replace": "^6.0.2",
    "vite": "^6.0.11",
    "vite-plugin-bundle-audioworklet": "workspace:*"
+  },
+  "engines": {
+    "node": ">=18.0.0"
  }
 }
@@ -20,10 +20,13 @@ export async function prebake() {
    // import('@strudel/osc'),
  );
  // load samples
-  const ds = 'https://raw.githubusercontent.com/felixroos/dough-samples/main/';
+  const ds = 'https://raw.githubusercontent.com/felixroos/dough-samples/main';

  // TODO: move this onto the strudel repo
-  const ts = 'https://raw.githubusercontent.com/todepond/samples/main/';
+  const ts = 'https://raw.githubusercontent.com/todepond/samples/main';
+
+  const tc = 'https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tidalcycles/uzu-drumkit/main';
+
  await Promise.all([
    modulesLoading,
    registerSynthSounds(),
@@ -36,9 +39,9 @@ export async function prebake() {
    samples(`${ds}/tidal-drum-machines.json`),
    samples(`${ds}/piano.json`),
    samples(`${ds}/Dirt-Samples.json`),
-    samples(`${ds}/uzu-drumkit.json`),
    samples(`${ds}/vcsl.json`),
    samples(`${ds}/mridangam.json`),
+    samples(`${tc}/strudel.json`),
  ]);

  aliasBank(`${ts}/tidal-drum-machines-alias.json`);
@@ -15,5 +15,8 @@
  "type": "module",
  "dependencies": {
    "cowsay": "^1.6.0"
+  },
+  "engines": {
+    "node": ">=18.0.0"
  }
 }
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ import readline from 'readline';
 import os from 'os';

 const LOG = !!process.env.LOG || false;
+const PORT = process.env.PORT || 5432;
 const VALID_AUDIO_EXTENSIONS = ['wav', 'mp3', 'ogg'];

 const isAudioFile = (f) => {
@@ -54,7 +55,6 @@ async function getBanks(directory, flat = false) {
    banks[bank].push(subDir);
    return subDir;
  });
-  banks._base = `http://localhost:5432`;
  return { banks, files };
 }

@@ -134,8 +134,6 @@ const server = http.createServer(async (req, res) => {
  readStream.pipe(res);
 });

-// eslint-disable-next-line
-const PORT = process.env.PORT || 5432;
 const IP_ADDRESS = '0.0.0.0';
 let IP;
 const networkInterfaces = os.networkInterfaces();
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
  "name": "@strudel/serial",
-  "version": "1.2.4",
+  "version": "1.2.5",
  "description": "Webserial API for strudel",
  "main": "serial.mjs",
  "type": "module",
@@ -33,5 +33,8 @@
  },
  "devDependencies": {
    "vite": "^6.0.11"
+  },
+  "engines": {
+    "node": ">=18.0.0"
  }
 }
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ import {
  getADSRValues,
  getPitchEnvelope,
  getVibratoOscillator,
+  onceEnded,
 } from '@strudel/webaudio';
 import gm from './gm.mjs';

@@ -170,12 +171,12 @@ export function registerSoundfonts() {

        bufferSource.stop(envEnd);
        const stop = (releaseTime) => {};
-        bufferSource.onended = () => {
+        onceEnded(bufferSource, () => {
          bufferSource.disconnect();
          vibratoOscillator?.stop();
          node.disconnect();
          onended();
-        };
+        });
        return { node, stop };
      },
      { type: 'soundfont', prebake: true, fonts },
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
  "name": "@strudel/soundfonts",
-  "version": "1.2.5",
+  "version": "1.2.6",
  "description": "Soundsfont support for strudel",
  "main": "index.mjs",
  "publishConfig": {
@@ -37,5 +37,8 @@
  "devDependencies": {
    "node-fetch": "^3.3.2",
    "vite": "^6.0.11"
+  },
+  "engines": {
+    "node": ">=18.0.0"
  }
 }
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ superdough({ s: 'bd', delay: 0.5 }, 0, 1);
  - `decay`: seconds of decay phase
  - `sustain`: gain of sustain phase
  - `release`: seconds of release phase
- `deadline`: seconds until the sound should play (0 = immediate)
+- `deadline`: seconds from audio context initialization before playing the sound (getAudioContextCurrentTime() = immediate)
 - `duration`: seconds the sound should last. optional for one shot samples, required for synth sounds

 ### registerSynthSounds()
@@ -153,6 +153,7 @@ samples('github:tidalcycles/dirt-samples')

 The format is `github:<user>/<repo>/<branch>`.

+If `<repo>` and `<branch>` are not specified, they will default to `samples` and `main` respectively.
 It expects a `strudel.json` file to be present at the root of the given repository, which declares the sample paths in the repo.

 The format is also expected to be the same as explained above.
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+/*
+audioContext.mjs - Audio Context manager
+
+Sets up a common and accessible audio context for all superdough operations
+
+Copyright (C) 2025 Strudel contributors - see <https://codeberg.org/uzu/strudel/src/branch/main/packages/superdough/audiocontext.mjs>
+This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later version. This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU Affero General Public License for more details. You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public License along with this program.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+*/
+
+let audioContext;
+
+export const setDefaultAudioContext = () => {
+  audioContext = new AudioContext();
+  return audioContext;
+};
+
+export const getAudioContext = () => {
+  if (!audioContext) {
+    return setDefaultAudioContext();
+  }
+
+  return audioContext;
+};
+
+export function getAudioContextCurrentTime() {
+  return getAudioContext().currentTime;
+}
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import { getAudioContext } from './superdough.mjs';
+import { getAudioContext } from './audioContext.mjs';

 let worklet;
 export async function dspWorklet(ac, code) {
@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
-import { getAudioContext } from './superdough.mjs';
-import { clamp, nanFallback } from './util.mjs';
+import { getAudioContext } from './audioContext.mjs';
+import { logger } from './logger.mjs';
 import { getNoiseBuffer } from './noise.mjs';
+import { getNodeFromPool, markWorkletAsDead } from './nodePools.mjs';
+import { clamp, nanFallback, midiToFreq, noteToMidi } from './util.mjs';

 export const noises = ['pink', 'white', 'brown', 'crackle'];

@@ -10,6 +12,13 @@ export function gainNode(value) {
  return node;
 }

+export function effectSend(input, effect, wet) {
+  const send = gainNode(wet);
+  input.connect(send);
+  send.connect(effect);
+  return send;
+}
+
 const getSlope = (y1, y2, x1, x2) => {
  const denom = x2 - x1;
  if (denom === 0) {
@@ -21,11 +30,23 @@ const getSlope = (y1, y2, x1, x2) => {
 export function getWorklet(ac, processor, params, config) {
  const node = new AudioWorkletNode(ac, processor, config);
  Object.entries(params).forEach(([key, value]) => {
-    node.parameters.get(key).value = value;
+    if (value !== undefined) {
+      node.parameters.get(key).value = value;
+    }
  });
  return node;
 }

+export function getPooledWorklet(ac, processor, params, constructorOptions, reInitOptions) {
+  const node = getNodeFromPool(processor, () => new AudioWorkletNode(ac, processor, constructorOptions), params);
+  node.port.postMessage({ type: 'initialize', payload: reInitOptions });
+  node.port.onmessage = (e) => {
+    if (e.data.type === 'died') markWorkletAsDead(node);
+    node.port.onmessage = null;
+  };
+  return node;
+}
+
 export const getParamADSR = (
  param,
  attack,
@@ -88,7 +109,37 @@ export const getParamADSR = (
  param[ramp](min, end + release);
 };

+function getModulationShapeInput(val) {
+  if (typeof val === 'number') {
+    return val % 5;
+  }
+  return { tri: 0, triangle: 0, sine: 1, ramp: 2, saw: 3, square: 4 }[val] ?? 0;
+}
+
+export function getLfo(audioContext, begin, end, properties = {}) {
+  const { shape = 0, ...props } = properties;
+  const { dcoffset = -0.5, depth = 1 } = properties;
+  const lfoprops = {
+    frequency: 1,
+    depth,
+    skew: 0.5,
+    phaseoffset: 0,
+    time: begin,
+    begin,
+    end,
+    shape: getModulationShapeInput(shape),
+    dcoffset,
+    min: dcoffset * depth,
+    max: dcoffset * depth + depth,
+    curve: 1,
+    ...props,
+  };
+
+  return getPooledWorklet(audioContext, 'lfo-processor', lfoprops);
+}
+
 export function getCompressor(ac, threshold, ratio, knee, attack, release) {
+  const node = getNodeFromPool('compressor', () => new DynamicsCompressorNode(ac, {}));
  const options = {
    threshold: threshold ?? -3,
    ratio: ratio ?? 10,
@@ -96,7 +147,11 @@ export function getCompressor(ac, threshold, ratio, knee, attack, release) {
    attack: attack ?? 0.005,
    release: release ?? 0.05,
  };
-  return new DynamicsCompressorNode(ac, options);
+  const now = ac.currentTime;
+  Object.entries(options).forEach(([key, value]) => {
+    node[key].setValueAtTime(value, now);
+  });
+  return node;
 }

 // changes the default values of the envelope based on what parameters the user has defined
@@ -115,37 +170,115 @@ export const getADSRValues = (params, curve = 'linear', defaultValues) => {
  return [Math.max(a ?? 0, envmin), Math.max(d ?? 0, envmin), Math.min(sustain, envmax), Math.max(r ?? 0, releaseMin)];
 };

-export function createFilter(context, type, frequency, Q, att, dec, sus, rel, fenv, start, end, fanchor, model, drive) {
-  const curve = 'exponential';
-  const [attack, decay, sustain, release] = getADSRValues([att, dec, sus, rel], curve, [0.005, 0.14, 0, 0.1]);
-  let filter;
-  let frequencyParam;
-  if (model === 'ladder') {
-    filter = getWorklet(context, 'ladder-processor', { frequency, q: Q, drive });
-    frequencyParam = filter.parameters.get('frequency');
-  } else {
-    filter = context.createBiquadFilter();
-    filter.type = type;
-    filter.Q.value = Q;
-    filter.frequency.value = frequency;
-    frequencyParam = filter.frequency;
+export function getParamLfo(audioContext, param, start, end, lfoValues) {
+  let { defaultDepth = 1, depth, dcoffset, ...getLfoInputs } = lfoValues;
+  if (depth == null) {
+    const hasLFOParams = Object.values(getLfoInputs).some((v) => v != null);
+    depth = hasLFOParams ? defaultDepth : 0;
+  }
+  let lfo;
+  if (depth) {
+    lfo = getLfo(audioContext, start, end, {
+      depth,
+      dcoffset,
+      ...getLfoInputs,
+    });
+    lfo.connect(param);
+  }
+  return lfo;
+}
+
+// helper utility for applying standard modulators to a parameter
+export function applyParameterModulators(audioContext, param, start, end, envelopeValues, lfoValues) {
+  let { amount, offset, defaultAmount = 1, curve = 'linear', values, holdEnd, defaultValues } = envelopeValues;
+
+  if (amount == null) {
+    const hasADSRParams = values.some((p) => p != null);
+    amount = hasADSRParams ? defaultAmount : 0;
  }

-  // envelope is active when any of these values is set
-  const hasEnvelope = att ?? dec ?? sus ?? rel ?? fenv;
-  // Apply ADSR to filter frequency
-  if (hasEnvelope !== undefined) {
-    fenv = nanFallback(fenv, 1, true);
-    fanchor = nanFallback(fanchor, 0, true);
-    const fenvAbs = Math.abs(fenv);
-    const offset = fenvAbs * fanchor;
-    let min = clamp(2 ** -offset * frequency, 0, 20000);
-    let max = clamp(2 ** (fenvAbs - offset) * frequency, 0, 20000);
-    if (fenv < 0) [min, max] = [max, min];
-    getParamADSR(frequencyParam, attack, decay, sustain, release, min, max, start, end, curve);
-    return filter;
+  const min = offset ?? 0;
+  const max = amount + min;
+  const diff = Math.abs(max - min);
+  if (diff) {
+    const [attack, decay, sustain, release] = getADSRValues(values, curve, defaultValues);
+    getParamADSR(param, attack, decay, sustain, release, min, max, start, holdEnd, curve);
  }
-  return filter;
+  const lfo = getParamLfo(audioContext, param, start, end, lfoValues);
+  return { lfo, disconnect: () => lfo?.disconnect() };
+}
+export function createFilter(context, start, end, params, cps, cycle) {
+  let {
+    frequency,
+    anchor,
+    env,
+    type,
+    model,
+    q = 1,
+    drive = 0.69,
+    depth,
+    depthfrequency,
+    dcoffset = -0.5,
+    skew,
+    shape,
+    rate,
+    sync,
+  } = params;
+
+  let frequencyParam, filter;
+  if (model === 'ladder') {
+    filter = getPooledWorklet(context, 'ladder-processor', { frequency, q, drive });
+    frequencyParam = filter.parameters.get('frequency');
+  } else {
+    const factory = () => context.createBiquadFilter();
+    filter = getNodeFromPool('filter', factory);
+    filter.type = type;
+    const now = context.currentTime;
+    Object.entries({ Q: q, frequency }).forEach(([key, value]) => {
+      filter[key].setValueAtTime(value, now);
+    });
+    frequencyParam = filter.frequency;
+  }
+  const envelopeValues = [params.attack, params.decay, params.sustain, params.release];
+  const [attack, decay, sustain, release] = getADSRValues(envelopeValues, 'exponential', [0.005, 0.14, 0, 0.1]);
+  // envelope is active when any of these values is set
+  const hasEnvelope = [...envelopeValues, env].some((v) => v !== undefined);
+  // Apply ADSR to filter frequency
+  if (hasEnvelope) {
+    env = nanFallback(env, 1, true);
+    anchor = nanFallback(anchor, 0, true);
+    const envAbs = Math.abs(env);
+    const offset = envAbs * anchor;
+    let min = clamp(2 ** -offset * frequency, 0, 20000);
+    let max = clamp(2 ** (envAbs - offset) * frequency, 0, 20000);
+    if (env < 0) [min, max] = [max, min];
+    getParamADSR(frequencyParam, attack, decay, sustain, release, min, max, start, end, 'exponential');
+  }
+
+  if (sync != null) {
+    rate = cps * sync;
+  }
+  const hasLFO = [depth, depthfrequency, skew, shape, rate].some((v) => v !== undefined);
+  let lfo;
+  if (hasLFO) {
+    depth = depth ?? 1;
+    const time = cycle / cps;
+    const modDepth = depthfrequency ?? (depth ?? 1) * frequency;
+    const lfoValues = {
+      depth: modDepth,
+      dcoffset,
+      skew,
+      shape,
+      frequency: rate ?? cps,
+      min: -frequency + 30,
+      max: 20000 - frequency,
+      time,
+      curve: 1,
+    };
+    lfo = getParamLfo(context, frequencyParam, start, end, lfoValues);
+  }
+
+  return { filter, lfo };
 }

 // stays 1 until .5, then fades out
@@ -167,14 +300,22 @@ export function drywet(dry, wet, wetAmount = 0) {
  let mix = ac.createGain();
  dry_gain.connect(mix);
  wet_gain.connect(mix);
-  return mix;
+  return {
+    node: mix,
+    onended: () => {
+      dry_gain.disconnect(mix);
+      wet_gain.disconnect(mix);
+      dry.disconnect(dry_gain);
+      wet.disconnect(wet_gain);
+    },
+  };
 }

 let curves = ['linear', 'exponential'];
 export function getPitchEnvelope(param, value, t, holdEnd) {
  // envelope is active when any of these values is set
  const hasEnvelope = value.pattack ?? value.pdecay ?? value.psustain ?? value.prelease ?? value.penv;
-  if (!hasEnvelope) {
+  if (hasEnvelope === undefined) {
    return;
  }
  const penv = nanFallback(value.penv, 1, true);
@@ -202,10 +343,19 @@ export function getVibratoOscillator(param, value, t) {
    gain.gain.value = vibmod * 100;
    vibratoOscillator.connect(gain);
    gain.connect(param);
+    vibratoOscillator.onended = () => {
+      gain.disconnect(param);
+      vibratoOscillator.disconnect(gain);
+    };
    vibratoOscillator.start(t);
    return vibratoOscillator;
  }
 }
+
+export function scheduleAtTime(callback, targetTime, audioContext = getAudioContext()) {
+  const currentTime = audioContext.currentTime;
+  webAudioTimeout(audioContext, callback, currentTime, targetTime);
+}
 // ConstantSource inherits AudioScheduledSourceNode, which has scheduling abilities
 // a bit of a hack, but it works very well :)
 export function webAudioTimeout(audioContext, onComplete, startTime, stopTime) {
@@ -218,25 +368,17 @@ export function webAudioTimeout(audioContext, onComplete, startTime, stopTime) {
  constantNode.connect(zeroGain);

  // Schedule the `onComplete` callback to occur at `stopTime`
-  constantNode.onended = () => {
-    // Ensure garbage collection
-    try {
-      zeroGain.disconnect();
-    } catch {
-      // pass
-    }
-    try {
-      constantNode.disconnect();
-    } catch {
-      // pass
-    }
+  onceEnded(constantNode, () => {
+    releaseAudioNode(zeroGain);
+    releaseAudioNode(constantNode);
    onComplete();
-  };
+  });
  constantNode.start(startTime);
  constantNode.stop(stopTime);
  return constantNode;
 }
-const mod = (freq, range = 1, type = 'sine') => {
+
+const mod = (freq, type = 'sine') => {
  const ctx = getAudioContext();
  let osc;
  if (noises.includes(type)) {
@@ -248,62 +390,254 @@ const mod = (freq, range = 1, type = 'sine') => {
    osc.type = type;
    osc.frequency.value = freq;
  }
-
  osc.start();
-  const g = new GainNode(ctx, { gain: range });
-  osc.connect(g); // -range, range
-  return { node: g, stop: (t) => osc.stop(t) };
+  return osc;
 };
-const fm = (frequencyparam, harmonicityRatio, modulationIndex, wave = 'sine') => {
+
+const fm = (frequencyparam, harmonicityRatio, wave = 'sine') => {
  const carrfreq = frequencyparam.value;
  const modfreq = carrfreq * harmonicityRatio;
-  const modgain = modfreq * modulationIndex;
-  return mod(modfreq, modgain, wave);
+  return { osc: mod(modfreq, wave), freq: modfreq };
 };
+
 export function applyFM(param, value, begin) {
-  const {
-    fmh: fmHarmonicity = 1,
-    fmi: fmModulationIndex,
-    fmenv: fmEnvelopeType = 'exp',
-    fmattack: fmAttack,
-    fmdecay: fmDecay,
-    fmsustain: fmSustain,
-    fmrelease: fmRelease,
-    fmvelocity: fmVelocity,
-    fmwave: fmWaveform = 'sine',
-    duration,
-  } = value;
-  let modulator;
-  let stop = () => {};
-
-  if (fmModulationIndex) {
-    const ac = getAudioContext();
-    const envGain = ac.createGain();
-    const fmmod = fm(param, fmHarmonicity, fmModulationIndex, fmWaveform);
-
-    modulator = fmmod.node;
-    stop = fmmod.stop;
-    if (![fmAttack, fmDecay, fmSustain, fmRelease, fmVelocity].some((v) => v !== undefined)) {
-      // no envelope by default
-      modulator.connect(param);
-    } else {
-      const [attack, decay, sustain, release] = getADSRValues([fmAttack, fmDecay, fmSustain, fmRelease]);
-      const holdEnd = begin + duration;
-      getParamADSR(
-        envGain.gain,
-        attack,
-        decay,
-        sustain,
-        release,
-        0,
-        1,
-        begin,
-        holdEnd,
-        fmEnvelopeType === 'exp' ? 'exponential' : 'linear',
-      );
-      modulator.connect(envGain);
-      envGain.connect(param);
+  const ac = getAudioContext();
+  const toStop = []; // fm oscillators we will expose `stop` for
+  const fms = {};
+  // Matrix
+  for (let i = 1; i <= 8; i++) {
+    for (let j = 0; j <= 8; j++) {
+      let control;
+      if (i === j + 1) {
+        // Standard fm3 -> fm2 -> fm1 -> param usage
+        const iS = i === 1 ? '' : i;
+        control = `fmi${iS}`;
+      } else {
+        control = `fmi${i}${j}`;
+      }
+      const amt = value[control];
+      if (!amt) continue;
+      let io = [];
+      for (let [isMod, idx] of [
+        [true, i], // source
+        [false, j], // target
+      ]) {
+        if (idx === 0) {
+          io.push(param);
+          continue;
+        }
+        if (!fms[idx]) {
+          const idxS = idx === 1 ? '' : idx;
+          const { osc, freq } = fm(param, value[`fmh${idxS}`] ?? 1, value[`fmwave${idxS}`] ?? 'sine');
+          toStop.push(osc);
+          const toCleanup = [osc]; // nodes we want to cleanup after oscillator `stop`
+          const adsr = ['attack', 'decay', 'sustain', 'release'].map((s) => value[`fm${s}${idxS}`]);
+          let output = osc;
+          if (adsr.some((v) => v !== undefined)) {
+            const envGain = ac.createGain();
+            const [attack, decay, sustain, release] = getADSRValues(adsr);
+            const holdEnd = begin + value.duration;
+            const fmEnvelopeType = value[`fmenv${idxS}`] ?? 'exp';
+            getParamADSR(
+              envGain.gain,
+              attack,
+              decay,
+              sustain,
+              release,
+              0,
+              1,
+              begin,
+              holdEnd,
+              fmEnvelopeType === 'exp' ? 'exponential' : 'linear',
+            );
+            toCleanup.push(envGain);
+            output = osc.connect(envGain);
+          }
+          fms[idx] = { input: osc.frequency, output, freq, osc, toCleanup };
+        }
+        const { input, output, freq, osc, toCleanup } = fms[idx];
+        const g = gainNode(amt * freq);
+        io.push(isMod ? output.connect(g) : input);
+        cleanupOnEnd(osc, [...toCleanup, g]);
+      }
+      if (!io[1]) {
+        logger(
+          `[superdough] control ${control} failed to connect FM ${i} to target ${j} due to missing frequency parameter (likely because fm${j} is noise)`,
+          'warning',
+        );
+        continue;
+      }
+      io[0].connect(io[1]);
    }
  }
-  return { stop };
+  return {
+    stop: (t) => toStop.forEach((m) => m?.stop(t)),
+  };
 }
+
+// Saturation curves
+
+const __squash = (x) => x / (1 + x); // [0, inf) to [0, 1)
+const _mod = (n, m) => ((n % m) + m) % m;
+
+const _scurve = (x, k) => ((1 + k) * x) / (1 + k * Math.abs(x));
+const _soft = (x, k) => Math.tanh(x * (1 + k));
+const _hard = (x, k) => clamp((1 + k) * x, -1, 1);
+
+const _fold = (x, k) => {
+  // Closed form folding for audio rate
+  let y = (1 + 0.5 * k) * x;
+  const window = _mod(y + 1, 4);
+  return 1 - Math.abs(window - 2);
+};
+
+const _sineFold = (x, k) => Math.sin((Math.PI / 2) * _fold(x, k));
+
+const _cubic = (x, k) => {
+  const t = __squash(Math.log1p(k));
+  const cubic = (x - (t / 3) * x * x * x) / (1 - t / 3); // normalized to go from (-1, 1)
+  return _soft(cubic, k);
+};
+
+const _diode = (x, k, asym = false) => {
+  const g = 1 + 2 * k; // gain
+  const t = __squash(Math.log1p(k));
+  const bias = 0.07 * t;
+  const pos = _soft(x + bias, 2 * k);
+  const neg = _soft(asym ? bias : -x + bias, 2 * k);
+  const y = pos - neg;
+  // We divide by the derivative at 0 so that the distortion is roughly
+  // the identity map near 0 => small values are preserved and undistorted
+  const sech = 1 / Math.cosh(g * bias);
+  const sech2 = sech * sech; // derivative of soft (i.e. tanh) is sech^2
+  const denom = Math.max(1e-8, (asym ? 1 : 2) * g * sech2); // g from chain rule; 2 if both pos/neg have x
+  return _soft(y / denom, k);
+};
+
+const _asym = (x, k) => _diode(x, k, true);
+
+const _chebyshev = (x, k) => {
+  const kl = 10 * Math.log1p(k);
+  let tnm1 = 1;
+  let tnm2 = x;
+  let tn;
+  let y = 0;
+  for (let i = 1; i < 64; i++) {
+    if (i < 2) {
+      // Already set inital conditions
+      y += i == 0 ? tnm1 : tnm2;
+      continue;
+    }
+    tn = 2 * x * tnm1 - tnm2; // https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chebyshev_polynomials#Recurrence_definition
+    tnm2 = tnm1;
+    tnm1 = tn;
+    if (i % 2 === 0) {
+      y += Math.min((1.3 * kl) / i, 2) * tn;
+    }
+  }
+  // Soft clip
+  return _soft(y, kl / 20);
+};
+
+export const distortionAlgorithms = {
+  scurve: _scurve,
+  soft: _soft,
+  hard: _hard,
+  cubic: _cubic,
+  diode: _diode,
+  asym: _asym,
+  fold: _fold,
+  sinefold: _sineFold,
+  chebyshev: _chebyshev,
+};
+const _algoNames = Object.freeze(Object.keys(distortionAlgorithms));
+
+export const getDistortionAlgorithm = (algo) => {
+  let index = algo;
+  if (typeof algo === 'string') {
+    index = _algoNames.indexOf(algo);
+    if (index === -1) {
+      logger(`[superdough] Could not find waveshaping algorithm ${algo}.
+        Available options are ${_algoNames.join(', ')}.
+        Defaulting to ${_algoNames[0]}.`);
+      index = 0;
+    }
+  }
+  const name = _algoNames[index % _algoNames.length]; // allow for wrapping if algo was a number
+  return distortionAlgorithms[name];
+};
+
+export const getDistortion = (fullParams) => {
+  const { algorithm, ...params } = fullParams;
+  return getPooledWorklet(getAudioContext(), 'distort-processor', params, {}, { algorithm });
+};
+
+export const getFrequencyFromValue = (value, defaultNote = 36) => {
+  let { note, freq, octave = 0 } = value;
+  note = note || defaultNote;
+  if (typeof note === 'string') {
+    note = noteToMidi(note); // e.g. c3 => 48
+  }
+  // get frequency
+  if (!freq && typeof note === 'number') {
+    freq = midiToFreq(note); // + 48);
+  }
+  freq *= Math.pow(2, octave);
+  return Number(freq);
+};
+
+// This helper should be used instead of the `node.onended = callback` pattern
+// It adds a mechanism to help minimize gc retention
+export const onceEnded = (node, callback) => {
+  const onended = callback;
+  node.onended = function cleanup() {
+    onended && onended();
+    this.onended = null;
+  };
+};
+
+export const releaseAudioNode = (node) => {
+  if (node == null) return;
+
+  // check we received an AudioNode
+  if (!(node instanceof AudioNode)) {
+    throw new Error('releaseAudioNode can only release an AudioNode');
+  }
+
+  // https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/AudioNode/disconnect
+  node.disconnect();
+
+  // make sure all AudioScheduledSourceNodes are in a stopped state
+  // https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/AudioScheduledSourceNode
+  if (node instanceof AudioScheduledSourceNode) {
+    if (node.onended && node.onended.name !== 'cleanup') {
+      logger(
+        `[superdough] Deprecation warning: it seems your code path is setting 'node.onended = callback' instead of using the onceEnded helper`,
+      );
+    }
+    try {
+      node.stop();
+    } catch (e) {
+      // At the stage, `start` was not called on the node
+      // but an `onended` callback releasing resources may exist
+      // and we want it to fire :
+      // - we force a start/stop cycle so that `onended` gets called
+      // - we `lock` the node so that no-one can start it
+      node.start(node.context.currentTime + 5); // will never happen
+      node.stop();
+    }
+  }
+
+  // https://www.w3.org/TR/webaudio-1.1/#AudioNode-actively-processing
+  // An AudioWorkletNode is actively processing when its AudioWorkletProcessor's [[callable process]]
+  // returns true and either its active source flag is true or
+  // any AudioNode connected to one of its inputs is actively processing.
+  if (node instanceof AudioWorkletNode) {
+    node.parameters.get('end')?.setValueAtTime(0, 0);
+  }
+};
+
+// Once the `anchor` node has ended, release all nodes in `toCleanup`
+export const cleanupOnEnd = (anchor, toCleanup) => {
+  onceEnded(anchor, () => toCleanup.forEach((n) => releaseAudioNode(n)));
+};
@@ -11,3 +11,5 @@ export * from './synth.mjs';
 export * from './zzfx.mjs';
 export * from './logger.mjs';
 export * from './dspworklet.mjs';
+export * from './audioContext.mjs';
+export * from './wavetable.mjs';
@@ -1,8 +1,9 @@
 let log = (msg) => console.log(msg);

-export function errorLogger(e, origin = 'cyclist') {
-  //TODO: add some kind of debug flag that enables this  while in dev mode
-  // console.error(e);
+export function errorLogger(e, origin = 'superdough') {
+  if (process.env.NODE_ENV === 'development') {
+    console.error(e);
+  }
  logger(`[${origin}] error: ${e.message}`);
 }

@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+/*
+nodePools.mjs - Helper functions related to pooling and re-using audio nodes
+
+Copyright (C) 2025 Strudel contributors - see <https://codeberg.org/uzu/strudel/src/branch/main/packages/superdough/nodePools.mjs>
+This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later version. This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU Affero General Public License for more details. You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public License along with this program.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+*/
+
+const nodePools = new Map();
+const POOL_KEY = Symbol('nodePoolKey');
+const IS_WORKLET_DEAD = Symbol('nodePoolIsWorkletDead');
+const MAX_POOL_SIZE = 64;
+
+export const isPoolable = (node) => !!node[POOL_KEY];
+
+export const releaseNodeToPool = (node) => {
+  node.disconnect();
+  if (node instanceof AudioScheduledSourceNode) {
+    // not reusable
+    return;
+  }
+  if (node[IS_WORKLET_DEAD]) {
+    // Worklet already terminated, don't pool it
+    return;
+  }
+  const key = node[POOL_KEY];
+  if (key == null) return;
+  const pool = nodePools.get(key) ?? [];
+  if (pool.length < MAX_POOL_SIZE) {
+    pool.push(new WeakRef(node));
+    nodePools.set(key, pool);
+  }
+};
+
+export const markWorkletAsDead = (worklet) => (worklet[IS_WORKLET_DEAD] = true);
+
+// Attempt to get node from the pool. If this fails, fall back
+// to building it with the factory
+export const getNodeFromPool = (key, factory, params = {}) => {
+  const pool = nodePools.get(key) ?? [];
+  let node;
+  while (pool.length) {
+    const ref = pool.pop();
+    node = ref?.deref();
+    if (node != null && !node[IS_WORKLET_DEAD]) break;
+  }
+  if (node == null || node[IS_WORKLET_DEAD]) {
+    node = factory();
+  }
+  node[POOL_KEY] = key;
+  const paramMap = new Map();
+  if (node instanceof AudioWorkletNode) {
+    for (const [name, param] of node.parameters.entries()) {
+      paramMap.set(name, param);
+    }
+  } else {
+    for (const name of Object.getOwnPropertyNames(node)) {
+      const value = node[name];
+      if (value instanceof AudioParam) {
+        paramMap.set(name, value);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  const now = node.context?.currentTime ?? 0;
+  paramMap.forEach((param, name) => {
+    param.cancelScheduledValues(now);
+    // Set values from `params` or restore defaults
+    const target = params[name] !== undefined ? params[name] : param.defaultValue;
+    param.setValueAtTime(target, now);
+  });
+  return node;
+};
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 import { drywet } from './helpers.mjs';
-import { getAudioContext } from './superdough.mjs';
+import { getAudioContext } from './audioContext.mjs';

 let noiseCache = {};

@@ -65,8 +65,9 @@ export function getNoiseOscillator(type = 'white', t, density = 0.02) {
 export function getNoiseMix(inputNode, wet, t) {
  const noiseOscillator = getNoiseOscillator('pink', t);
  const noiseMix = drywet(inputNode, noiseOscillator.node, wet);
+  noiseOscillator.node.onended = () => noiseMix.onended();
  return {
-    node: noiseMix,
+    node: noiseMix.node,
    stop: (time) => noiseOscillator?.stop(time),
  };
 }
@@ -1,22 +1,23 @@
 'use strict';

+import { makeReusable } from './worklets-common.mjs';
+
 // sourced from https://github.com/olvb/phaze/tree/master?tab=readme-ov-file
 const WEBAUDIO_BLOCK_SIZE = 128;

 /** Overlap-Add Node */
-class OLAProcessor extends AudioWorkletProcessor {
+class OLAProcessor extends makeReusable(AudioWorkletProcessor) {
  constructor(options) {
    super(options);
-    this.started = false;
    this.nbInputs = options.numberOfInputs;
    this.nbOutputs = options.numberOfOutputs;
-
    this.blockSize = options.processorOptions.blockSize;
    // TODO for now, the only support hop size is the size of a web audio block
    this.hopSize = WEBAUDIO_BLOCK_SIZE;
-
    this.nbOverlaps = this.blockSize / this.hopSize;
+  }

+  initialize() {
    // pre-allocate input buffers (will be reallocated if needed)
    this.inputBuffers = new Array(this.nbInputs);
    this.inputBuffersHead = new Array(this.nbInputs);
@@ -54,7 +55,6 @@ class OLAProcessor extends AudioWorkletProcessor {

  allocateInputChannels(inputIndex, nbChannels) {
    // allocate input buffers
-
    this.inputBuffers[inputIndex] = new Array(nbChannels);
    for (let i = 0; i < nbChannels; i++) {
      this.inputBuffers[inputIndex][i] = new Float32Array(this.blockSize + WEBAUDIO_BLOCK_SIZE);
@@ -157,15 +157,8 @@ class OLAProcessor extends AudioWorkletProcessor {
    }
  }

-  process(inputs, outputs, params) {
-    const input = inputs[0];
-    const hasInput = !(input[0] === undefined);
-    if (this.started && !hasInput) {
-      return false;
-    }
-    this.started = hasInput;
+  processActive(inputs, outputs, params) {
    this.reallocateChannelsIfNeeded(inputs, outputs);
-
    this.readInputs(inputs);
    this.shiftInputBuffers();
    this.prepareInputBuffersToSend();
@@ -173,7 +166,6 @@ class OLAProcessor extends AudioWorkletProcessor {
    this.handleOutputBuffersToRetrieve();
    this.writeOutputs(outputs);
    this.shiftOutputBuffers();
-
    return true;
  }

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
  "name": "superdough",
-  "version": "1.2.5",
+  "version": "1.2.6",
  "description": "simple web audio synth and sampler intended for live coding. inspired by superdirt and webdirt.",
  "main": "index.mjs",
  "type": "module",
@@ -37,5 +37,8 @@
  },
  "dependencies": {
    "nanostores": "^0.11.3"
+  },
+  "engines": {
+    "node": ">=18.0.0"
  }
 }
@@ -104,6 +104,8 @@ var applyGradualLowpass = function (input, lpFreqStart, lpFreqEnd, lpFreqEndAt,
  player.start();
  context.oncomplete = function (event) {
    callback(event.renderedBuffer);
+    filter.disconnect();
+    player.disconnect();
  };
  context.startRendering();

@@ -1,6 +1,14 @@
-import { noteToMidi, valueToMidi, getSoundIndex } from './util.mjs';
-import { getAudioContext, registerSound } from './index.mjs';
-import { getADSRValues, getParamADSR, getPitchEnvelope, getVibratoOscillator } from './helpers.mjs';
+import { getBaseURL, getCommonSampleInfo } from './util.mjs';
+import { registerSound, registerWaveTable } from './index.mjs';
+import { getAudioContext } from './audioContext.mjs';
+import {
+  getADSRValues,
+  getParamADSR,
+  getPitchEnvelope,
+  getVibratoOscillator,
+  onceEnded,
+  releaseAudioNode,
+} from './helpers.mjs';
 import { logger } from './logger.mjs';

 const bufferCache = {}; // string: Promise<ArrayBuffer>
@@ -22,39 +30,16 @@ function humanFileSize(bytes, si) {
  return bytes.toFixed(1) + ' ' + units[u];
 }

-// deduces relevant info for sample loading from hap.value and sample definition
-// it encapsulates the core sampler logic into a pure and synchronous function
-// hapValue: Hap.value, bank: sample bank definition for sound "s" (values in strudel.json format)
 export function getSampleInfo(hapValue, bank) {
-  const { s, n = 0, speed = 1.0 } = hapValue;
-  let midi = valueToMidi(hapValue, 36);
-  let transpose = midi - 36; // C3 is middle C;
-  let sampleUrl;
-  let index = 0;
-  if (Array.isArray(bank)) {
-    index = getSoundIndex(n, bank.length);
-    sampleUrl = bank[index];
-  } else {
-    const midiDiff = (noteA) => noteToMidi(noteA) - midi;
-    // object format will expect keys as notes
-    const closest = Object.keys(bank)
-      .filter((k) => !k.startsWith('_'))
-      .reduce(
-        (closest, key, j) => (!closest || Math.abs(midiDiff(key)) < Math.abs(midiDiff(closest)) ? key : closest),
-        null,
-      );
-    transpose = -midiDiff(closest); // semitones to repitch
-    index = getSoundIndex(n, bank[closest].length);
-    sampleUrl = bank[closest][index];
-  }
-  const label = `${s}:${index}`;
+  const { speed = 1.0 } = hapValue;
+  const { transpose, url, index, midi, label } = getCommonSampleInfo(hapValue, bank);
  let playbackRate = Math.abs(speed) * Math.pow(2, transpose / 12);
-  return { transpose, sampleUrl, index, midi, label, playbackRate };
+  return { transpose, url, index, midi, label, playbackRate };
 }

 // takes hapValue and returns buffer + playbackRate.
 export const getSampleBuffer = async (hapValue, bank, resolveUrl) => {
-  let { sampleUrl, label, playbackRate } = getSampleInfo(hapValue, bank);
+  let { url: sampleUrl, label, playbackRate } = getSampleInfo(hapValue, bank);
  if (resolveUrl) {
    sampleUrl = await resolveUrl(sampleUrl);
  }
@@ -79,14 +64,14 @@ export const getSampleBufferSource = async (hapValue, bank, resolveUrl) => {
  bufferSource.buffer = buffer;
  bufferSource.playbackRate.value = playbackRate;

-  const { s, loopBegin = 0, loopEnd = 1, begin = 0, end = 1 } = hapValue;
+  const { loopBegin = 0, loopEnd = 1, begin = 0, end = 1 } = hapValue;

  // "The computation of the offset into the sound is performed using the sound buffer's natural sample rate,
  // rather than the current playback rate, so even if the sound is playing at twice its normal speed,
  // the midway point through a 10-second audio buffer is still 5."
  const offset = begin * bufferSource.buffer.duration;

-  const loop = s.startsWith('wt_') ? 1 : hapValue.loop;
+  const loop = hapValue.loop;
  if (loop) {
    bufferSource.loop = true;
    bufferSource.loopStart = loopBegin * bufferSource.buffer.duration - offset;
@@ -143,13 +128,18 @@ function githubPath(base, subpath = '') {
  if (!base.startsWith('github:')) {
    throw new Error('expected "github:" at the start of pseudoUrl');
  }
-  let [_, path] = base.split('github:');
+  let path = base.slice('github:'.length);
  path = path.endsWith('/') ? path.slice(0, -1) : path;
-  if (path.split('/').length === 2) {
-    // assume main as default branch if none set
-    path += '/main';
-  }
-  return `https://raw.githubusercontent.com/${path}/${subpath}`;
+
+  let components = path.split('/');
+  let user = components[0];
+  let repo = components.length >= 2 ? components[1] : 'samples';
+  let branch = components.length >= 3 ? components[2] : 'main';
+  let other = components.slice(3);
+  other.push(subpath ? subpath : '');
+  other = other.join('/');
+
+  return `https://raw.githubusercontent.com/${user}/${repo}/${branch}/${other}`;
 }

 export const processSampleMap = (sampleMap, fn, baseUrl = sampleMap._base || '') => {
@@ -196,6 +186,52 @@ function getSamplesPrefixHandler(url) {
  return;
 }

+export async function fetchSampleMap(url) {
+  // check if custom prefix handler
+  const handler = getSamplesPrefixHandler(url);
+  if (handler) {
+    return handler(url);
+  }
+  url = resolveSpecialPaths(url);
+  if (url.startsWith('github:')) {
+    url = githubPath(url, 'strudel.json');
+  }
+  if (url.startsWith('local:')) {
+    url = `http://localhost:5432`;
+  }
+  if (url.startsWith('shabda:')) {
+    let [_, path] = url.split('shabda:');
+    url = `https://shabda.ndre.gr/${path}.json?strudel=1`;
+  }
+  if (url.startsWith('shabda/speech')) {
+    let [_, path] = url.split('shabda/speech');
+    path = path.startsWith('/') ? path.substring(1) : path;
+    let [params, words] = path.split(':');
+    let gender = 'f';
+    let language = 'en-GB';
+    if (params) {
+      [language, gender] = params.split('/');
+    }
+    url = `https://shabda.ndre.gr/speech/${words}.json?gender=${gender}&language=${language}&strudel=1'`;
+  }
+  if (typeof fetch !== 'function') {
+    // not a browser
+    return;
+  }
+  const base = getBaseURL(url);
+  if (typeof fetch === 'undefined') {
+    // skip fetch when in node / testing
+    return;
+  }
+  const json = await fetch(url)
+    .then((res) => res.json())
+    .catch((error) => {
+      console.error(error);
+      throw new Error(`error loading "${url}"`);
+    });
+  return [json, json._base || base];
+}
+
 /**
 * Loads a collection of samples to use with `s`
 * @example
@@ -217,61 +253,16 @@ function getSamplesPrefixHandler(url) {

 export const samples = async (sampleMap, baseUrl = sampleMap._base || '', options = {}) => {
  if (typeof sampleMap === 'string') {
-    // check if custom prefix handler
-    const handler = getSamplesPrefixHandler(sampleMap);
-    if (handler) {
-      return handler(sampleMap);
-    }
-    sampleMap = resolveSpecialPaths(sampleMap);
-    if (sampleMap.startsWith('github:')) {
-      sampleMap = githubPath(sampleMap, 'strudel.json');
-    }
-    if (sampleMap.startsWith('local:')) {
-      sampleMap = `http://localhost:5432`;
-    }
-    if (sampleMap.startsWith('shabda:')) {
-      let [_, path] = sampleMap.split('shabda:');
-      sampleMap = `https://shabda.ndre.gr/${path}.json?strudel=1`;
-    }
-    if (sampleMap.startsWith('shabda/speech')) {
-      let [_, path] = sampleMap.split('shabda/speech');
-      path = path.startsWith('/') ? path.substring(1) : path;
-      let [params, words] = path.split(':');
-      let gender = 'f';
-      let language = 'en-GB';
-      if (params) {
-        [language, gender] = params.split('/');
-      }
-      sampleMap = `https://shabda.ndre.gr/speech/${words}.json?gender=${gender}&language=${language}&strudel=1'`;
-    }
-    if (typeof fetch !== 'function') {
-      // not a browser
-      return;
-    }
-    const base = sampleMap.split('/').slice(0, -1).join('/');
-    if (typeof fetch === 'undefined') {
-      // skip fetch when in node / testing
-      return;
-    }
-    return fetch(sampleMap)
-      .then((res) => res.json())
-      .then((json) => samples(json, baseUrl || json._base || base, options))
-      .catch((error) => {
-        console.error(error);
-        throw new Error(`error loading "${sampleMap}"`);
-      });
+    const [json, base] = await fetchSampleMap(sampleMap);
+    return samples(json, baseUrl || base, options);
  }
  const { prebake, tag } = options;
+
  processSampleMap(
    sampleMap,
-    (key, bank) =>
-      registerSound(key, (t, hapValue, onended) => onTriggerSample(t, hapValue, onended, bank), {
-        type: 'sample',
-        samples: bank,
-        baseUrl,
-        prebake,
-        tag,
-      }),
+    (key, bank) => {
+      registerSampleSource(key, bank, { baseUrl, prebake, tag });
+    },
    baseUrl,
  );
 };
@@ -302,17 +293,19 @@ export async function onTriggerSample(t, value, onended, bank, resolveUrl) {

  const { bufferSource, sliceDuration, offset } = await getSampleBufferSource(value, bank, resolveUrl);

-  // asny stuff above took too long?
-  if (ac.currentTime > t) {
-    logger(`[sampler] still loading sound "${s}:${n}"`, 'highlight');
-    // console.warn('sample still loading:', s, n);
-    return;
-  }
  if (!bufferSource) {
    logger(`[sampler] could not load "${s}:${n}"`, 'error');
    return;
  }

+  // async stuff above took too long?
+  if (ac.currentTime > t) {
+    logger(`[sampler] loading sound "${s}:${n}" took too long`, 'highlight');
+    // AudioBufferSourceNode will never be used. discard it
+    releaseAudioNode(bufferSource);
+    return;
+  }
+
  // vibrato
  let vibratoOscillator = getVibratoOscillator(bufferSource.detune, value, t);

@@ -335,13 +328,13 @@ export async function onTriggerSample(t, value, onended, bank, resolveUrl) {

  const out = ac.createGain(); // we need a separate gain for the cutgroups because firefox...
  node.connect(out);
-  bufferSource.onended = function () {
+  onceEnded(bufferSource, function () {
    bufferSource.disconnect();
    vibratoOscillator?.stop();
    node.disconnect();
    out.disconnect();
    onended();
-  };
+  });
  let envEnd = holdEnd + release + 0.01;
  bufferSource.stop(envEnd);
  const stop = (endTime) => {
@@ -361,3 +354,20 @@ export async function onTriggerSample(t, value, onended, bank, resolveUrl) {

  return handle;
 }
+
+function registerSample(key, bank, params) {
+  registerSound(key, (t, hapValue, onended) => onTriggerSample(t, hapValue, onended, bank), {
+    type: 'sample',
+    samples: bank,
+    ...params,
+  });
+}
+
+export function registerSampleSource(key, bank, params) {
+  const isWavetable = key.startsWith('wt_');
+  if (isWavetable) {
+    registerWaveTable(key, bank, params);
+  } else {
+    registerSample(key, bank, params);
+  }
+}
@@ -7,12 +7,23 @@ This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under th
 import './feedbackdelay.mjs';
 import './reverb.mjs';
 import './vowel.mjs';
-import { clamp, nanFallback, _mod, cycleToSeconds, secondsToCycle } from './util.mjs';
+import { nanFallback, _mod, cycleToSeconds, pickAndRename } from './util.mjs';
 import workletsUrl from './worklets.mjs?audioworklet';
-import { createFilter, gainNode, getCompressor, getWorklet, webAudioTimeout } from './helpers.mjs';
+import {
+  createFilter,
+  effectSend,
+  gainNode,
+  getCompressor,
+  getDistortion,
+  getLfo,
+  getPooledWorklet,
+} from './helpers.mjs';
+import { getNodeFromPool, isPoolable, releaseNodeToPool } from './nodePools.mjs';
 import { map } from 'nanostores';
-import { logger, errorLogger } from './logger.mjs';
+import { logger } from './logger.mjs';
 import { loadBuffer } from './sampler.mjs';
+import { getAudioContext } from './audioContext.mjs';
+import { SuperdoughAudioController } from './superdoughoutput.mjs';

 export const DEFAULT_MAX_POLYPHONY = 128;
 const DEFAULT_AUDIO_DEVICE_NAME = 'System Standard';
@@ -28,13 +39,6 @@ export function setMultiChannelOrbits(bool) {
  multiChannelOrbits = bool == true;
 }

-function getModulationShapeInput(val) {
-  if (typeof val === 'number') {
-    return val % 5;
-  }
-  return { tri: 0, triangle: 0, sine: 1, ramp: 2, saw: 3, square: 4 }[val] ?? 0;
-}
-
 export const soundMap = map();

 export function registerSound(key, onTrigger, data = {}) {
@@ -113,6 +117,19 @@ export async function aliasBank(...args) {
  }
 }

+/**
+ * Register an alias for a sound.
+ * @param {string} original - The original sound name
+ * @param {string} alias - The alias to use for the sound
+ */
+export function soundAlias(original, alias) {
+  if (getSound(original) == null) {
+    logger('soundAlias: original sound not found');
+    return;
+  }
+  soundMap.setKey(alias, getSound(original));
+}
+
 export function getSound(s) {
  if (typeof s !== 'string') {
    console.warn(`getSound: expected string got "${s}". fall back to triangle`);
@@ -138,15 +155,11 @@ let defaultDefaultValues = {
  gain: 0.8,
  postgain: 1,
  density: '.03',
-  ftype: '12db',
-  fanchor: 0,
-  resonance: 1,
-  hresonance: 1,
-  bandq: 1,
  channels: [1, 2],
  phaserdepth: 0.75,
  shapevol: 1,
  distortvol: 1,
+  distorttype: 0,
  delay: 0,
  byteBeatExpression: '0',
  delayfeedback: 0.5,
@@ -193,30 +206,17 @@ export function setVersionDefaults(version) {

 export const resetLoadedSounds = () => soundMap.set({});

-let audioContext;
-
-export const setDefaultAudioContext = () => {
-  audioContext = new AudioContext();
-  return audioContext;
-};
-
-export const getAudioContext = () => {
-  if (!audioContext) {
-    return setDefaultAudioContext();
-  }
-
-  return audioContext;
-};
-
-export function getAudioContextCurrentTime() {
-  return getAudioContext().currentTime;
+let externalWorklets = [];
+export function registerWorklet(url) {
+  externalWorklets.push(url);
 }

 let workletsLoading;
 function loadWorklets() {
  if (!workletsLoading) {
    const audioCtx = getAudioContext();
-    workletsLoading = audioCtx.audioWorklet.addModule(workletsUrl);
+    const allWorkletURLs = externalWorklets.concat([workletsUrl]);
+    workletsLoading = Promise.all(allWorkletURLs.map((workletURL) => audioCtx.audioWorklet.addModule(workletURL)));
  }

  return workletsLoading;
@@ -272,8 +272,8 @@ let audioReady;
 export async function initAudioOnFirstClick(options) {
  if (!audioReady) {
    audioReady = new Promise((resolve) => {
-      document.addEventListener('click', async function listener() {
-        document.removeEventListener('click', listener);
+      document.addEventListener('mousedown', async function listener() {
+        document.removeEventListener('mousedown', listener);
        await initAudio(options);
        resolve();
      });
@@ -282,113 +282,41 @@ export async function initAudioOnFirstClick(options) {
  return audioReady;
 }

-const maxfeedback = 0.98;
-
-let channelMerger, destinationGain;
-//update the output channel configuration to match user's audio device
-export function initializeAudioOutput() {
-  const audioContext = getAudioContext();
-  const maxChannelCount = audioContext.destination.maxChannelCount;
-  audioContext.destination.channelCount = maxChannelCount;
-  channelMerger = new ChannelMergerNode(audioContext, { numberOfInputs: audioContext.destination.channelCount });
-  destinationGain = new GainNode(audioContext);
-  channelMerger.connect(destinationGain);
-  destinationGain.connect(audioContext.destination);
+let controller;
+export function getSuperdoughAudioController() {
+  if (controller == null) {
+    controller = new SuperdoughAudioController(getAudioContext());
+  }
+  return controller;
 }
-
-// input: AudioNode, channels: ?Array<int>
-export const connectToDestination = (input, channels = [0, 1]) => {
-  const ctx = getAudioContext();
-  if (channelMerger == null) {
-    initializeAudioOutput();
-  }
-  //This upmix can be removed if correct channel counts are set throughout the app,
-  // and then strudel could theoretically support surround sound audio files
-  const stereoMix = new StereoPannerNode(ctx);
-  input.connect(stereoMix);
-
-  const splitter = new ChannelSplitterNode(ctx, {
-    numberOfOutputs: stereoMix.channelCount,
-  });
-  stereoMix.connect(splitter);
-  channels.forEach((ch, i) => {
-    splitter.connect(channelMerger, i % stereoMix.channelCount, ch % ctx.destination.channelCount);
-  });
-};
-
-export const panic = () => {
-  if (destinationGain == null) {
-    return;
-  }
-  destinationGain.gain.linearRampToValueAtTime(0, getAudioContext().currentTime + 0.01);
-  destinationGain = null;
-  channelMerger == null;
-};
-
-function getDelay(orbit, delaytime, delayfeedback, t) {
-  if (delayfeedback > maxfeedback) {
-    //logger(`delayfeedback was clamped to ${maxfeedback} to save your ears`);
-  }
-  delayfeedback = clamp(delayfeedback, 0, 0.98);
-  if (!orbits[orbit].delayNode) {
-    const ac = getAudioContext();
-    const dly = ac.createFeedbackDelay(1, delaytime, delayfeedback);
-    dly.start?.(t); // for some reason, this throws when audion extension is installed..
-    connectToOrbit(dly, orbit);
-    orbits[orbit].delayNode = dly;
-  }
-  orbits[orbit].delayNode.delayTime.value !== delaytime &&
-    orbits[orbit].delayNode.delayTime.setValueAtTime(delaytime, t);
-  orbits[orbit].delayNode.feedback.value !== delayfeedback &&
-    orbits[orbit].delayNode.feedback.setValueAtTime(delayfeedback, t);
-  return orbits[orbit].delayNode;
-}
-
-export function getLfo(audioContext, begin, end, properties = {}) {
-  const { shape = 0, ...props } = properties;
-  const { dcoffset = -0.5, depth = 1 } = properties;
-  const lfoprops = {
-    frequency: 1,
-    depth,
-    skew: 0.5,
-    phaseoffset: 0,
-    time: begin,
-    begin,
-    end,
-    shape: getModulationShapeInput(shape),
-    dcoffset,
-    min: dcoffset * depth,
-    max: dcoffset * depth + depth,
-    curve: 1,
-    ...props,
-  };
-
-  return getWorklet(audioContext, 'lfo-processor', lfoprops);
+export function connectToDestination(input, channels) {
+  const controller = getSuperdoughAudioController();
+  controller.output.connectToDestination(input, channels);
 }

 function getPhaser(time, end, frequency = 1, depth = 0.5, centerFrequency = 1000, sweep = 2000) {
  const ac = getAudioContext();
-  const lfoGain = getLfo(ac, time, end, { frequency, depth: sweep * 2 });
+  const lfo = getLfo(ac, time, end, { frequency, depth: sweep * 2 });

  //filters
  const numStages = 2; //num of filters in series
  let fOffset = 0;
  const filterChain = [];
  for (let i = 0; i < numStages; i++) {
-    const filter = ac.createBiquadFilter();
+    const filter = getNodeFromPool('filter', () => ac.createBiquadFilter());
    filter.type = 'notch';
    filter.gain.value = 1;
    filter.frequency.value = centerFrequency + fOffset;
    filter.Q.value = 2 - Math.min(Math.max(depth * 2, 0), 1.9);

-    lfoGain.connect(filter.detune);
+    lfo.connect(filter.detune);
    fOffset += 282;
    if (i > 0) {
      filterChain[i - 1].connect(filter);
    }
    filterChain.push(filter);
  }
-  return filterChain[filterChain.length - 1];
+  return { phaser: filterChain[filterChain.length - 1], lfo };
 }

 function getFilterType(ftype) {
@@ -397,78 +325,6 @@ function getFilterType(ftype) {
  return typeof ftype === 'number' ? filterTypes[Math.floor(_mod(ftype, filterTypes.length))] : ftype;
 }

-//type orbit {
-// gain: number,
-// reverbNode: reverbNode
-// delayNode: delayNode
-//}
-let orbits = {};
-function connectToOrbit(node, orbit) {
-  if (orbits[orbit] == null) {
-    errorLogger(new Error('target orbit does not exist'), 'superdough');
-  }
-  node.connect(orbits[orbit].gain);
-}
-
-function setOrbit(audioContext, orbit, channels) {
-  if (orbits[orbit] == null) {
-    orbits[orbit] = {
-      gain: new GainNode(audioContext, { gain: 1, channelCount: 2, channelCountMode: 'explicit' }),
-    };
-    connectToDestination(orbits[orbit].gain, channels);
-  }
-}
-function duckOrbit(audioContext, targetOrbit, t, attacktime = 0.1, duckdepth = 1) {
-  const targetArr = [targetOrbit].flat();
-
-  targetArr.forEach((target) => {
-    if (orbits[target] == null) {
-      errorLogger(new Error(`duck target orbit ${target} does not exist`), 'superdough');
-      return;
-    }
-    webAudioTimeout(
-      audioContext,
-      () => {
-        orbits[target].gain.gain.cancelScheduledValues(t);
-        const currVal = orbits[target].gain.gain.value;
-        orbits[target].gain.gain.linearRampToValueAtTime(clamp(1 - Math.pow(duckdepth, 0.5), 0.01, currVal), t);
-        orbits[target].gain.gain.exponentialRampToValueAtTime(1, t + Math.max(0.002, attacktime));
-      },
-      0,
-      t - 0.01,
-    );
-  });
-}
-
-let hasChanged = (now, before) => now !== undefined && now !== before;
-function getReverb(orbit, duration, fade, lp, dim, ir, irspeed, irbegin) {
-  // If no reverb has been created for a given orbit, create one
-  if (!orbits[orbit].reverbNode) {
-    const ac = getAudioContext();
-    const reverb = ac.createReverb(duration, fade, lp, dim, ir, irspeed, irbegin);
-    connectToOrbit(reverb, orbit);
-    orbits[orbit].reverbNode = reverb;
-  }
-
-  if (
-    hasChanged(duration, orbits[orbit].reverbNode.duration) ||
-    hasChanged(fade, orbits[orbit].reverbNode.fade) ||
-    hasChanged(lp, orbits[orbit].reverbNode.lp) ||
-    hasChanged(dim, orbits[orbit].reverbNode.dim) ||
-    hasChanged(irspeed, orbits[orbit].reverbNode.irspeed) ||
-    hasChanged(irbegin, orbits[orbit].reverbNode.irbegin) ||
-    orbits[orbit].reverbNode.ir !== ir
-  ) {
-    // only regenerate when something has changed
-    // avoids endless regeneration on things like
-    // stack(s("a"), s("b").rsize(8)).room(.5)
-    // this only works when args may stay undefined until here
-    // setting default values breaks this
-    orbits[orbit].reverbNode.generate(duration, fade, lp, dim, ir, irspeed, irbegin);
-  }
-  return orbits[orbit].reverbNode;
-}
-
 export let analysers = {},
  analysersData = {};

@@ -501,15 +357,8 @@ export function getAnalyzerData(type = 'time', id = 1) {
  return analysersData[id];
 }

-function effectSend(input, effect, wet) {
-  const send = gainNode(wet);
-  input.connect(send);
-  send.connect(effect);
-  return send;
-}
-
 export function resetGlobalEffects() {
-  orbits = {};
+  controller?.reset();
  analysers = {};
  analysersData = {};
 }
@@ -524,6 +373,7 @@ function mapChannelNumbers(channels) {
 export const superdough = async (value, t, hapDuration, cps = 0.5, cycle = 0.5) => {
  // new: t is always expected to be the absolute target onset time
  const ac = getAudioContext();
+  const audioController = getSuperdoughAudioController();

  let { stretch } = value;
  if (stretch != null) {
@@ -563,39 +413,16 @@ export const superdough = async (value, t, hapDuration, cps = 0.5, cycle = 0.5)
    postgain = getDefaultValue('postgain'),
    density = getDefaultValue('density'),
    duckorbit,
+    duckonset,
    duckattack,
    duckdepth,
+    djf,
    // filters
    fanchor = getDefaultValue('fanchor'),
-    drive = 0.69,
    release = 0,
-    // low pass
-    cutoff,
-    lpenv,
-    lpattack,
-    lpdecay,
-    lpsustain,
-    lprelease,
-    resonance = getDefaultValue('resonance'),
-    // high pass
-    hpenv,
-    hcutoff,
-    hpattack,
-    hpdecay,
-    hpsustain,
-    hprelease,
-    hresonance = getDefaultValue('hresonance'),
-    // band pass
-    bpenv,
-    bandf,
-    bpattack,
-    bpdecay,
-    bpsustain,
-    bprelease,
-    bandq = getDefaultValue('bandq'),

    //phaser
-    phaserrate: phaser,
+    phaserrate,
    phaserdepth = getDefaultValue('phaserdepth'),
    phasersweep,
    phasercenter,
@@ -608,6 +435,7 @@ export const superdough = async (value, t, hapDuration, cps = 0.5, cycle = 0.5)
    shapevol = getDefaultValue('shapevol'),
    distort,
    distortvol = getDefaultValue('distortvol'),
+    distorttype = getDefaultValue('distorttype'),
    pan,
    vowel,
    delay = getDefaultValue('delay'),
@@ -641,10 +469,9 @@ export const superdough = async (value, t, hapDuration, cps = 0.5, cycle = 0.5)
  );

  const channels = value.channels != null ? mapChannelNumbers(value.channels) : orbitChannels;
-  setOrbit(ac, orbit, channels, t, cycle, cps);
-
+  const orbitBus = audioController.getOrbit(orbit, channels);
  if (duckorbit != null) {
-    duckOrbit(ac, duckorbit, t, duckattack, duckdepth);
+    audioController.duck(duckorbit, t, duckonset, duckattack, duckdepth);
  }

  gain = applyGainCurve(nanFallback(gain, 1));
@@ -663,7 +490,7 @@ export const superdough = async (value, t, hapDuration, cps = 0.5, cycle = 0.5)
  // oldest audio nodes will be destroyed if maximum polyphony is exceeded
  for (let i = 0; i <= activeSoundSources.size - maxPolyphony; i++) {
    const ch = activeSoundSources.entries().next();
-    const source = ch.value[1];
+    const source = ch.value[1].deref();
    const chainID = ch.value[0];
    const endTime = t + 0.25;
    source?.node?.gain?.linearRampToValueAtTime(0, endTime);
@@ -688,14 +515,14 @@ export const superdough = async (value, t, hapDuration, cps = 0.5, cycle = 0.5)
  } else if (getSound(s)) {
    const { onTrigger } = getSound(s);
    const onEnded = () => {
-      audioNodes.forEach((n) => n?.disconnect());
+      audioNodes.forEach((n) => (isPoolable(n) ? releaseNodeToPool(n) : n?.disconnect()));
      activeSoundSources.delete(chainID);
    };
-    const soundHandle = await onTrigger(t, value, onEnded);
+    const soundHandle = await onTrigger(t, value, onEnded, cps);

    if (soundHandle) {
      sourceNode = soundHandle.node;
-      activeSoundSources.set(chainID, soundHandle);
+      activeSoundSources.set(chainID, new WeakRef(soundHandle)); // allow GC
    }
  } else {
    throw new Error(`sound ${s} not found! Is it loaded?`);
@@ -712,65 +539,113 @@ export const superdough = async (value, t, hapDuration, cps = 0.5, cycle = 0.5)
  }
  const chain = []; // audio nodes that will be connected to each other sequentially
  chain.push(sourceNode);
-  stretch !== undefined && chain.push(getWorklet(ac, 'phase-vocoder-processor', { pitchFactor: stretch }));
+  stretch !== undefined &&
+    chain.push(
+      getPooledWorklet(ac, 'phase-vocoder-processor', { pitchFactor: stretch, begin: t, end: endWithRelease }),
+    );

  // gain stage
  chain.push(gainNode(gain));

-  //filter
+  // filter
  const ftype = getFilterType(value.ftype);
-  if (cutoff !== undefined) {
-    let lp = () =>
-      createFilter(
-        ac,
-        'lowpass',
-        cutoff,
-        resonance,
-        lpattack,
-        lpdecay,
-        lpsustain,
-        lprelease,
-        lpenv,
-        t,
-        end,
-        fanchor,
-        ftype,
-        drive,
-      );
-    chain.push(lp());
+
+  if (value.cutoff !== undefined) {
+    const lpMap = {
+      frequency: 'cutoff',
+      q: 'resonance',
+      attack: 'lpattack',
+      decay: 'lpdecay',
+      sustain: 'lpsustain',
+      release: 'lprelease',
+      env: 'lpenv',
+      anchor: 'fanchor',
+      model: 'ftype',
+      drive: 'drive',
+      rate: 'lprate',
+      sync: 'lpsync',
+      depth: 'lpdepth',
+      depthfrequency: 'lpdepthfrequency',
+      shape: 'lpshape',
+      dcoffset: 'lpdc',
+      skew: 'lpskew',
+    };
+    const lpParams = pickAndRename(value, lpMap);
+    lpParams.type = 'lowpass';
+    const lp = () => createFilter(ac, t, end, lpParams, cps, cycle);
+    const { filter: lpf1, lfo: lfo1 } = lp();
+    chain.push(lpf1);
+    lfo1 && audioNodes.push(lfo1);
    if (ftype === '24db') {
-      chain.push(lp());
+      const { filter: lpf2, lfo: lfo2 } = lp();
+      chain.push(lpf2);
+      lfo2 && audioNodes.push(lfo2);
    }
  }

-  if (hcutoff !== undefined) {
-    let hp = () =>
-      createFilter(
-        ac,
-        'highpass',
-        hcutoff,
-        hresonance,
-        hpattack,
-        hpdecay,
-        hpsustain,
-        hprelease,
-        hpenv,
-        t,
-        end,
-        fanchor,
-      );
-    chain.push(hp());
+  if (value.hcutoff !== undefined) {
+    const hpMap = {
+      frequency: 'hcutoff',
+      q: 'hresonance',
+      attack: 'hpattack',
+      decay: 'hpdecay',
+      sustain: 'hpsustain',
+      release: 'hprelease',
+      env: 'hpenv',
+      anchor: 'fanchor',
+      model: 'ftype',
+      drive: 'drive',
+      rate: 'hprate',
+      sync: 'hpsync',
+      depth: 'hpdepth',
+      depthfrequency: 'hpdepthfrequency',
+      shape: 'hpshape',
+      dcoffset: 'hpdc',
+      skew: 'hpskew',
+    };
+    const hpParams = pickAndRename(value, hpMap);
+    hpParams.type = 'highpass';
+    const hp = () => createFilter(ac, t, end, hpParams, cps, cycle);
+    const { filter: hpf1, lfo: lfo1 } = hp();
+    chain.push(hpf1);
+    lfo1 && audioNodes.push(lfo1);
    if (ftype === '24db') {
-      chain.push(hp());
+      const { filter: hpf2, lfo: lfo2 } = hp();
+      chain.push(hpf2);
+      lfo2 && audioNodes.push(lfo2);
    }
  }

-  if (bandf !== undefined) {
-    let bp = () =>
-      createFilter(ac, 'bandpass', bandf, bandq, bpattack, bpdecay, bpsustain, bprelease, bpenv, t, end, fanchor);
-    chain.push(bp());
+  if (value.bandf !== undefined) {
+    const bpMap = {
+      frequency: 'bandf',
+      q: 'bandq',
+      attack: 'bpattack',
+      decay: 'bpdecay',
+      sustain: 'bpsustain',
+      release: 'bprelease',
+      env: 'bpenv',
+      anchor: 'fanchor',
+      model: 'ftype',
+      drive: 'drive',
+      rate: 'bprate',
+      sync: 'bpsync',
+      depth: 'bpdepth',
+      depthfrequency: 'bpdepthfrequency',
+      shape: 'bpshape',
+      dcoffset: 'bpdc',
+      skew: 'bpskew',
+    };
+    const bpParams = pickAndRename(value, bpMap);
+    bpParams.type = 'bandpass';
+    const bp = () => createFilter(ac, t, end, bpParams, cps, cycle);
+    const { filter: bpf1, lfo: lfo1 } = bp();
+    chain.push(bpf1);
+    lfo1 && audioNodes.push(lfo1);
    if (ftype === '24db') {
-      chain.push(bp());
+      const { filter: bpf2, lfo: lfo2 } = bp();
+      chain.push(bpf2);
+      lfo2 && audioNodes.push(lfo2);
    }
  }

@@ -780,15 +655,26 @@ export const superdough = async (value, t, hapDuration, cps = 0.5, cycle = 0.5)
  }

  // effects
-  coarse !== undefined && chain.push(getWorklet(ac, 'coarse-processor', { coarse }));
-  crush !== undefined && chain.push(getWorklet(ac, 'crush-processor', { crush }));
-  shape !== undefined && chain.push(getWorklet(ac, 'shape-processor', { shape, postgain: shapevol }));
-  distort !== undefined && chain.push(getWorklet(ac, 'distort-processor', { distort, postgain: distortvol }));
+  coarse !== undefined &&
+    chain.push(getPooledWorklet(ac, 'coarse-processor', { coarse, begin: t, end: endWithRelease }));
+  crush !== undefined && chain.push(getPooledWorklet(ac, 'crush-processor', { crush, begin: t, end: endWithRelease }));
+  shape !== undefined &&
+    chain.push(getPooledWorklet(ac, 'shape-processor', { shape, postgain: shapevol, begin: t, end: endWithRelease }));
+  distort !== undefined &&
+    chain.push(getDistortion({ distort, postgain: distortvol, algorithm: distorttype, begin: t, end: endWithRelease }));

  if (tremolosync != null) {
    tremolo = cps * tremolosync;
  }

+  if (value.wtPosSynced != null) {
+    value.wtPosRate /= cps;
+  }
+
+  if (value.wtWarpSynced != null) {
+    value.wtWarpRate /= cps;
+  }
+
  if (tremolo !== undefined) {
    // Allow clipping of modulator for more dynamic possiblities, and to prevent speaker overload
    // EX:  a triangle waveform will clip like this /-\ when the depth is above 1
@@ -809,6 +695,7 @@ export const superdough = async (value, t, hapDuration, cps = 0.5, cycle = 0.5)
      curve: 1.5,
    });
    lfo.connect(amGain.gain);
+    audioNodes.push(lfo);
    chain.push(amGain);
  }

@@ -824,9 +711,10 @@ export const superdough = async (value, t, hapDuration, cps = 0.5, cycle = 0.5)
    chain.push(panner);
  }
  // phaser
-  if (phaser !== undefined && phaserdepth > 0) {
-    const phaserFX = getPhaser(t, endWithRelease, phaser, phaserdepth, phasercenter, phasersweep);
-    chain.push(phaserFX);
+  if (phaserrate !== undefined && phaserdepth > 0) {
+    const { phaser, lfo } = getPhaser(t, endWithRelease, phaserrate, phaserdepth, phasercenter, phasersweep);
+    audioNodes.push(lfo);
+    chain.push(phaser);
  }

  // last gain
@@ -834,14 +722,12 @@ export const superdough = async (value, t, hapDuration, cps = 0.5, cycle = 0.5)
  chain.push(post);

  // delay
-  let delaySend;
  if (delay > 0 && delaytime > 0 && delayfeedback > 0) {
-    const delayNode = getDelay(orbit, delaytime, delayfeedback, t);
-    delaySend = effectSend(post, delayNode, delay);
-    audioNodes.push(delaySend);
+    orbitBus.getDelay(delaytime, delayfeedback, t);
+    const send = orbitBus.sendDelay(post, delay);
+    audioNodes.push(send);
  }
  // reverb
-  let reverbSend;
  if (room > 0) {
    let roomIR;
    if (ir !== undefined) {
@@ -854,25 +740,28 @@ export const superdough = async (value, t, hapDuration, cps = 0.5, cycle = 0.5)
      }
      roomIR = await loadBuffer(url, ac, ir, 0);
    }
-    const reverbNode = getReverb(orbit, roomsize, roomfade, roomlp, roomdim, roomIR, irspeed, irbegin);
-    reverbSend = effectSend(post, reverbNode, room);
-    audioNodes.push(reverbSend);
+    orbitBus.getReverb(roomsize, roomfade, roomlp, roomdim, roomIR, irspeed, irbegin);
+    const send = orbitBus.sendReverb(post, room);
+    audioNodes.push(send);
+  }
+
+  if (djf != null) {
+    orbitBus.getDjf(djf, t);
  }

  // analyser
-  let analyserSend;
  if (analyze) {
    const analyserNode = getAnalyserById(analyze, 2 ** (fft + 5));
-    analyserSend = effectSend(post, analyserNode, 1);
+    const analyserSend = effectSend(post, analyserNode, 1);
    audioNodes.push(analyserSend);
  }
  if (dry != null) {
    dry = applyGainCurve(dry);
    const dryGain = new GainNode(ac, { gain: dry });
    chain.push(dryGain);
-    connectToOrbit(dryGain, orbit);
+    orbitBus.connectToOutput(dryGain);
  } else {
-    connectToOrbit(post, orbit);
+    orbitBus.connectToOutput(post);
  }

  // connect chain elements together
@@ -0,0 +1,218 @@
+/*
+superdoughoutput.mjs - Output controller for superdough
+
+Handles setting up and mixing to the outputs as well as all global (orbit) effects
+
+Copyright (C) 2025 Strudel contributors - see <https://codeberg.org/uzu/strudel/src/branch/main/packages/superdough/superdoughoutput.mjs>
+This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later version. This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU Affero General Public License for more details. You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public License along with this program.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+*/
+
+import { effectSend, getWorklet, webAudioTimeout } from './helpers.mjs';
+import { errorLogger } from './logger.mjs';
+import { clamp } from './util.mjs';
+
+let hasChanged = (now, before) => now !== undefined && now !== before;
+
+export class Orbit {
+  reverbNode;
+  delayNode;
+  output;
+  summingNode;
+  djfNode;
+  audioContext;
+  constructor(audioContext) {
+    this.audioContext = audioContext;
+    this.output = new GainNode(audioContext, { gain: 1, channelCount: 2, channelCountMode: 'explicit' });
+    this.summingNode = new GainNode(audioContext, { gain: 1, channelCount: 2, channelCountMode: 'explicit' });
+    this.summingNode.connect(this.output);
+  }
+
+  disconnect() {
+    this.output.disconnect();
+    this.summingNode.disconnect();
+    this.delayNode?.disconnect();
+    this.reverbNode?.disconnect();
+  }
+
+  getDjf(value, t = 0) {
+    if (this.djfNode == null) {
+      this.djfNode = getWorklet(this.audioContext, 'djf-processor', { value });
+      this.summingNode.disconnect();
+      this.summingNode.connect(this.djfNode);
+      this.djfNode.connect(this.output);
+    }
+    const val = this.djfNode.parameters.get('value');
+    val.setValueAtTime(value, t);
+  }
+
+  getDelay(delaytime = 0, feedback = 0.5, t) {
+    const maxfeedback = 0.98;
+    if (feedback > maxfeedback) {
+      //logger(`feedback was clamped to ${maxfeedback} to save your ears`);
+    }
+    feedback = clamp(feedback, 0, 0.98);
+    if (this.delayNode == null) {
+      this.delayNode = this.audioContext.createFeedbackDelay(1, delaytime, feedback);
+      this.delayNode.connect(this.summingNode);
+      this.delayNode.start?.(t); // for some reason, this throws when audion extension is installed..
+    }
+    this.delayNode.delayTime.value !== delaytime && this.delayNode.delayTime.setValueAtTime(delaytime, t);
+    this.delayNode.feedback.value !== feedback && this.delayNode.feedback.setValueAtTime(feedback, t);
+    return this.delayNode;
+  }
+
+  getReverb(duration, fade, lp, dim, ir, irspeed, irbegin) {
+    // If no reverb has been created for a given orbit, create one
+    if (this.reverbNode == null) {
+      this.reverbNode = this.audioContext.createReverb(duration, fade, lp, dim, ir, irspeed, irbegin);
+      this.reverbNode.connect(this.summingNode);
+    }
+
+    if (
+      hasChanged(duration, this.reverbNode.duration) ||
+      hasChanged(fade, this.reverbNode.fade) ||
+      hasChanged(lp, this.reverbNode.lp) ||
+      hasChanged(dim, this.reverbNode.dim) ||
+      hasChanged(irspeed, this.reverbNode.irspeed) ||
+      hasChanged(irbegin, this.reverbNode.irbegin) ||
+      this.reverbNode.ir !== ir
+    ) {
+      // only regenerate when something has changed
+      // avoids endless regeneration on things like
+      // stack(s("a"), s("b").rsize(8)).room(.5)
+      // this only works when args may stay undefined until here
+      // setting default values breaks this
+      this.reverbNode.generate(duration, fade, lp, dim, ir, irspeed, irbegin);
+    }
+    return this.reverbNode;
+  }
+  sendReverb(node, amount) {
+    return effectSend(node, this.reverbNode, amount);
+  }
+
+  sendDelay(node, amount) {
+    return effectSend(node, this.delayNode, amount);
+  }
+
+  duck(t, onsettime = 0, attacktime = 0.1, depth = 1) {
+    const onset = onsettime;
+    const attack = Math.max(attacktime, 0.002);
+    const gainParam = this.output.gain;
+    webAudioTimeout(
+      this.audioContext,
+      () => {
+        const now = this.audioContext.currentTime;
+
+        // cancelScheduledValues and setValueAtTime together emulate cancelAndHoldAtTime
+        // on browsers which lack that method
+        const currVal = gainParam.value;
+        gainParam.cancelScheduledValues(now);
+        gainParam.setValueAtTime(currVal, now);
+
+        const t0 = Math.max(t, now); // guard against now > t
+        const duckedVal = clamp(1 - Math.sqrt(depth), 0.01, currVal);
+        gainParam.exponentialRampToValueAtTime(duckedVal, t0 + onset);
+        gainParam.exponentialRampToValueAtTime(1, t0 + onset + attack);
+      },
+      0,
+      t - 0.01,
+    );
+  }
+
+  connectToOutput(node) {
+    node.connect(this.summingNode);
+  }
+}
+
+export class SuperdoughOutput {
+  channelMerger;
+  destinationGain;
+
+  constructor(audioContext) {
+    this.audioContext = audioContext;
+    this.initializeAudio();
+  }
+
+  initializeAudio() {
+    const audioContext = this.audioContext;
+    const maxChannelCount = audioContext.destination.maxChannelCount;
+    this.audioContext.destination.channelCount = maxChannelCount;
+    this.channelMerger = new ChannelMergerNode(audioContext, { numberOfInputs: audioContext.destination.channelCount });
+    this.destinationGain = new GainNode(audioContext);
+    this.channelMerger.connect(this.destinationGain);
+    this.destinationGain.connect(audioContext.destination);
+  }
+
+  reset() {
+    this.disconnect();
+    this.initializeAudio();
+  }
+  disconnect() {
+    this.channelMerger.disconnect();
+    this.destinationGain.disconnect();
+    this.destinationGain = null;
+    this.channelMerger = null;
+  }
+  connectToDestination = (input, channels = [0, 1]) => {
+    //This upmix can be removed if correct channel counts are set throughout the app,
+    // and then strudel could theoretically support surround sound audio files
+    const stereoMix = new StereoPannerNode(this.audioContext);
+    input.connect(stereoMix);
+
+    const splitter = new ChannelSplitterNode(this.audioContext, {
+      numberOfOutputs: stereoMix.channelCount,
+    });
+    stereoMix.connect(splitter);
+    channels.forEach((ch, i) => {
+      splitter.connect(this.channelMerger, i % stereoMix.channelCount, ch % this.audioContext.destination.channelCount);
+    });
+  };
+}
+
+export class SuperdoughAudioController {
+  audioContext;
+  output;
+  nodes = {};
+
+  constructor(audioContext) {
+    this.audioContext = audioContext;
+    this.output = new SuperdoughOutput(audioContext);
+  }
+
+  reset() {
+    Array.from(this.nodes).forEach((node) => {
+      node.disconnect();
+    });
+    this.nodes = {};
+    this.output.reset();
+  }
+
+  duck(targetOrbits, t, onsettime = 0, attacktime = 0.1, depth = 1) {
+    const targetArr = [targetOrbits].flat();
+    const onsetArr = [onsettime].flat();
+    const attackArr = [attacktime].flat();
+    const depthArr = [depth].flat();
+
+    targetArr.forEach((target, idx) => {
+      const orbit = this.nodes[target];
+
+      if (orbit == null) {
+        errorLogger(new Error(`duck target orbit ${target} does not exist`), 'superdough');
+        return;
+      }
+      const onset = onsetArr[idx] ?? onsetArr[0];
+      const attack = Math.max(attackArr[idx] ?? attackArr[0], 0.002);
+      const depth = depthArr[idx] ?? depthArr[0];
+
+      orbit.duck(t, onset, attack, depth);
+    });
+  }
+
+  getOrbit(orbitNum, channels) {
+    if (this.nodes[orbitNum] == null) {
+      this.nodes[orbitNum] = new Orbit(this.audioContext);
+      this.output.connectToDestination(this.nodes[orbitNum].output, channels);
+    }
+    return this.nodes[orbitNum];
+  }
+}
@@ -1,40 +1,25 @@
-import { clamp, midiToFreq, noteToMidi } from './util.mjs';
-import { registerSound, getAudioContext, soundMap, getLfo } from './superdough.mjs';
+import { clamp } from './util.mjs';
+import { registerSound, soundMap } from './superdough.mjs';
+import { getAudioContext } from './audioContext.mjs';
 import {
  applyFM,
  gainNode,
  getADSRValues,
+  getFrequencyFromValue,
+  getLfo,
  getParamADSR,
  getPitchEnvelope,
+  getPooledWorklet,
  getVibratoOscillator,
-  webAudioTimeout,
-  getWorklet,
  noises,
+  releaseAudioNode,
+  webAudioTimeout,
 } from './helpers.mjs';
+import { logger } from './logger.mjs';
 import { getNoiseMix, getNoiseOscillator } from './noise.mjs';
+import { releaseNodeToPool } from './nodePools.mjs';

-const getFrequencyFromValue = (value, defaultNote = 36) => {
-  let { note, freq } = value;
-  note = note || defaultNote;
-  if (typeof note === 'string') {
-    note = noteToMidi(note); // e.g. c3 => 48
-  }
-  // get frequency
-  if (!freq && typeof note === 'number') {
-    freq = midiToFreq(note); // + 48);
-  }
-
-  return Number(freq);
-};
-function destroyAudioWorkletNode(node) {
-  if (node == null) {
-    return;
-  }
-  node.disconnect();
-  node.parameters.get('end')?.setValueAtTime(0, 0);
-}
-
-const waveforms = ['triangle', 'square', 'sawtooth', 'sine'];
+const waveforms = ['triangle', 'square', 'sawtooth', 'sine', 'user'];
 const waveformAliases = [
  ['tri', 'triangle'],
  ['sqr', 'square'],
@@ -64,19 +49,17 @@ export function registerSynthSounds() {
          [0.001, 0.05, 0.6, 0.01],
        );

-        let sound = getOscillator(s, t, value);
-        let { node: o, stop, triggerRelease } = sound;
-
        // turn down
        const g = gainNode(0.3);

-        const { duration } = value;
-
-        o.onended = () => {
-          o.disconnect();
+        let sound = getOscillator(s, t, value, () => {
          g.disconnect();
          onended();
-        };
+        });
+
+        let { node: o, stop, triggerRelease } = sound;
+
+        const { duration } = value;

        const envGain = gainNode(1);
        let node = o.connect(g).connect(envGain);
@@ -182,22 +165,14 @@ export function registerSynthSounds() {
      const end = holdend + release + 0.01;
      const voices = clamp(unison, 1, 100);
      let panspread = voices > 1 ? clamp(spread, 0, 1) : 0;
-      let o = getWorklet(
-        ac,
-        'supersaw-oscillator',
-        {
-          frequency,
-          begin,
-          end,
-          freqspread: detune,
-          voices,
-          panspread,
-        },
-        {
-          outputChannelCount: [2],
-        },
-      );
-
+      const params = {
+        frequency,
+        begin,
+        end,
+        freqspread: detune,
+        panspread,
+      };
+      const o = getPooledWorklet(ac, 'supersaw-oscillator', params, { outputChannelCount: [2] }, { voices });
      const gainAdjustment = 1 / Math.sqrt(voices);
      getPitchEnvelope(o.parameters.get('detune'), value, begin, holdend);
      const vibratoOscillator = getVibratoOscillator(o.parameters.get('detune'), value, begin);
@@ -210,8 +185,7 @@ export function registerSynthSounds() {
      let timeoutNode = webAudioTimeout(
        ac,
        () => {
-          destroyAudioWorkletNode(o);
-          envGain.disconnect();
+          releaseNodeToPool(o);
          onended();
          fm?.stop();
          vibratoOscillator?.stop();
@@ -265,7 +239,7 @@ export function registerSynthSounds() {
      const holdend = begin + duration;
      const end = holdend + release + 0.01;

-      let o = getWorklet(
+      let o = getPooledWorklet(
        ac,
        'byte-beat-processor',
        {
@@ -288,8 +262,7 @@ export function registerSynthSounds() {
      let timeoutNode = webAudioTimeout(
        ac,
        () => {
-          destroyAudioWorkletNode(o);
-          envGain.disconnect();
+          releaseAudioNode(o);
          onended();
        },
        begin,
@@ -333,7 +306,7 @@ export function registerSynthSounds() {
      );
      const holdend = begin + duration;
      const end = holdend + release + 0.01;
-      let o = getWorklet(
+      let o = getPooledWorklet(
        ac,
        'pulse-oscillator',
        {
@@ -362,9 +335,8 @@ export function registerSynthSounds() {
      let timeoutNode = webAudioTimeout(
        ac,
        () => {
-          destroyAudioWorkletNode(o);
-          destroyAudioWorkletNode(lfo);
-          envGain.disconnect();
+          releaseAudioNode(o);
+          releaseAudioNode(lfo);
          onended();
          fm?.stop();
          vibratoOscillator?.stop();
@@ -431,9 +403,13 @@ export function registerSynthSounds() {
  waveformAliases.forEach(([alias, actual]) => soundMap.set({ ...soundMap.get(), [alias]: soundMap.get()[actual] }));
 }

-export function waveformN(partials, type) {
-  const real = new Float32Array(partials + 1);
-  const imag = new Float32Array(partials + 1);
+const PI2 = 2 * Math.PI;
+export function waveformN(partials, phases, type) {
+  const isList = typeof partials === 'object';
+  partials = isList ? partials : new Float32Array(partials).fill(1);
+  const len = partials.length;
+  const real = new Float32Array(len + 1);
+  const imag = new Float32Array(len + 1);
  const ac = getAudioContext();
  const osc = ac.createOscillator();

@@ -441,20 +417,29 @@ export function waveformN(partials, type) {
    sawtooth: (n) => [0, -1 / n],
    square: (n) => [0, n % 2 === 0 ? 0 : 1 / n],
    triangle: (n) => [n % 2 === 0 ? 0 : 1 / (n * n), 0],
+    user: (_n) => [0, 1],
  };

  if (!terms[type]) {
    throw new Error(`unknown wave type ${type}`);
  }

-  real[0] = 0; // dc offset
-  imag[0] = 0;
-  let n = 1;
-  while (n <= partials) {
-    const [r, i] = terms[type](n);
-    real[n] = r;
-    imag[n] = i;
-    n++;
+  for (let n = 0; n < len; n++) {
+    const mag = partials[n];
+    const [r, i] = terms[type](n + 1); // we skip n === 0 as this is dc offset
+    const phase = phases?.[n] ?? 0;
+    // Scale by `partials`
+    let R = r * mag;
+    let I = i * mag;
+    // Apply rotation by the phase
+    if (phase !== 0) {
+      const c = Math.cos(PI2 * phase);
+      const s = Math.sin(PI2 * phase);
+      R = c * R - s * I;
+      I = s * R + c * I;
+    }
+    real[n + 1] = R;
+    imag[n + 1] = I;
  }

  const wave = ac.createPeriodicWave(real, imag);
@@ -463,21 +448,28 @@ export function waveformN(partials, type) {
 }

 // expects one of waveforms as s
-export function getOscillator(s, t, value) {
-  let { n: partials, duration, noise = 0 } = value;
+export function getOscillator(s, t, value, onended) {
+  const { duration, noise = 0 } = value;
+  const partials = value.partials ?? value.n;
  let o;
+  if (s === 'user' && !partials) {
+    logger(
+      `[superdough] Synth 'user' was selected, but partials not specified. Defaulting to triangle. Use pat.partials to setup custom waveform`,
+    );
+    s = 'triangle';
+  }
+  s = s === 'user' && !partials ? 'triangle' : s;
  // If no partials are given, use stock waveforms
-  if (!partials || s === 'sine') {
+  if (!partials || partials?.length === 0 || s === 'sine') {
    o = getAudioContext().createOscillator();
    o.type = s || 'triangle';
  }
  // generate custom waveform if partials are given
  else {
-    o = waveformN(partials, s);
+    o = waveformN(partials, value.phases, s);
  }
  // set frequency
  o.frequency.value = getFrequencyFromValue(value);
-  o.start(t);

  let vibratoOscillator = getVibratoOscillator(o.detune, value, t);

@@ -490,6 +482,13 @@ export function getOscillator(s, t, value) {
    noiseMix = getNoiseMix(o, noise, t);
  }

+  o.onended = () => {
+    noiseMix || o.disconnect();
+    noiseMix?.node.disconnect();
+    onended();
+  };
+  o.start(t);
+
  return {
    node: noiseMix?.node || o,
    stop: (time) => {
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ export const tokenizeNote = (note) => {
  if (typeof note !== 'string') {
    return [];
  }
-  const [pc, acc = '', oct] = note.match(/^([a-gA-G])([#bsf]*)([0-9]*)$/)?.slice(1) || [];
+  const [pc, acc = '', oct] = note.match(/^([a-gA-G])([#bsf]*)(-?[0-9]*)$/)?.slice(1) || [];
  if (!pc) {
    return [];
  }
@@ -16,13 +16,17 @@ export const tokenizeNote = (note) => {
 const chromas = { c: 0, d: 2, e: 4, f: 5, g: 7, a: 9, b: 11 };
 const accs = { '#': 1, b: -1, s: 1, f: -1 };

+export const getAccidentalsOffset = (accidentals) => {
+  return accidentals?.split('').reduce((o, char) => o + accs[char], 0) || 0;
+};
+
 export const noteToMidi = (note, defaultOctave = 3) => {
  const [pc, acc, oct = defaultOctave] = tokenizeNote(note);
  if (!pc) {
    throw new Error('not a note: "' + note + '"');
  }
  const chroma = chromas[pc.toLowerCase()];
-  const offset = acc?.split('').reduce((o, char) => o + accs[char], 0) || 0;
+  const offset = getAccidentalsOffset(acc);
  return (Number(oct) + 1) * 12 + chroma + offset;
 };
 export const midiToFreq = (n) => {
@@ -76,3 +80,47 @@ export function cycleToSeconds(cycle, cps) {
 export function secondsToCycle(t, cps) {
  return t * cps;
 }
+
+// deduces relevant info for sample loading from hap.value and sample definition
+// it encapsulates the core sampler logic into a pure and synchronous function
+// hapValue: Hap.value, bank: sample bank definition for sound "s" (values in strudel.json format)
+export function getCommonSampleInfo(hapValue, bank) {
+  const { s, n = 0 } = hapValue;
+  let midi = valueToMidi(hapValue, 36);
+  let transpose = midi - 36; // C3 is middle C;
+  let url;
+  let index = 0;
+  if (Array.isArray(bank)) {
+    index = getSoundIndex(n, bank.length);
+    url = bank[index];
+  } else {
+    const midiDiff = (noteA) => noteToMidi(noteA) - midi;
+    // object format will expect keys as notes
+    const closest = Object.keys(bank)
+      .filter((k) => !k.startsWith('_'))
+      .reduce(
+        (closest, key, j) => (!closest || Math.abs(midiDiff(key)) < Math.abs(midiDiff(closest)) ? key : closest),
+        null,
+      );
+    transpose = -midiDiff(closest); // semitones to repitch
+    index = getSoundIndex(n, bank[closest].length);
+    url = bank[closest][index];
+  }
+  const label = `${s}:${index}`;
+  return { transpose, url, index, midi, label };
+}
+
+/** Selects entries from `source` and renames them via `map` */
+export const pickAndRename = (source, map) => {
+  return Object.fromEntries(Object.entries(map).map(([newKey, oldKey]) => [newKey, source[oldKey]]));
+};
+
+export const getBaseURL = (url) => {
+  try {
+    // For real URLs
+    return new URL('.', new URL(url)).href.replace(/\/$/, ''); // removes trailing slash
+  } catch {
+    // For pseudo URLS
+    return url.split('/').slice(0, -1).join('/');
+  }
+};
@@ -45,7 +45,8 @@ if (typeof GainNode !== 'undefined') {
        throw new Error('vowel: unknown vowel ' + letter);
      }
      const { gains, qs, freqs } = vowelFormant[letter];
-      const makeupGain = ac.createGain();
+      this.makeupGain = ac.createGain();
+      this.audioNodes = [];
      for (let i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
        const gain = ac.createGain();
        gain.gain.value = gains[i];
@@ -53,14 +54,25 @@ if (typeof GainNode !== 'undefined') {
        filter.type = 'bandpass';
        filter.Q.value = qs[i];
        filter.frequency.value = freqs[i];
-        this.connect(filter);
+        super.connect(filter);
        filter.connect(gain);
-        gain.connect(makeupGain);
+        this.audioNodes.push(filter);
+        gain.connect(this.makeupGain);
+        this.audioNodes.push(gain);
      }
-      makeupGain.gain.value = 8; // how much makeup gain to add?
-      this.connect = (target) => makeupGain.connect(target);
+      this.makeupGain.gain.value = 8; // how much makeup gain to add?
      return this;
    }
+    connect(target) {
+      this.makeupGain.connect(target);
+    }
+    disconnect() {
+      this.makeupGain.disconnect();
+      this.audioNodes.forEach((n) => n.disconnect());
+      super.disconnect();
+      this.makeupGain = null;
+      this.audioNodes = null;
+    }
  }

  AudioContext.prototype.createVowelFilter = function (letter) {
@@ -0,0 +1,331 @@
+import { getAudioContext, registerSound } from './index.mjs';
+import { getBaseURL, getCommonSampleInfo } from './util.mjs';
+import {
+  applyFM,
+  applyParameterModulators,
+  getADSRValues,
+  getFrequencyFromValue,
+  getParamADSR,
+  getPitchEnvelope,
+  getPooledWorklet,
+  getVibratoOscillator,
+  webAudioTimeout,
+} from './helpers.mjs';
+import { releaseNodeToPool } from './nodePools.mjs';
+import { logger } from './logger.mjs';
+
+export const Warpmode = Object.freeze({
+  NONE: 0,
+  ASYM: 1,
+  MIRROR: 2,
+  BENDP: 3,
+  BENDM: 4,
+  BENDMP: 5,
+  SYNC: 6,
+  QUANT: 7,
+  FOLD: 8,
+  PWM: 9,
+  ORBIT: 10,
+  SPIN: 11,
+  CHAOS: 12,
+  PRIMES: 13,
+  BINARY: 14,
+  BROWNIAN: 15,
+  RECIPROCAL: 16,
+  WORMHOLE: 17,
+  LOGISTIC: 18,
+  SIGMOID: 19,
+  FRACTAL: 20,
+  FLIP: 21,
+});
+
+const seenKeys = new Set();
+async function getPayload(url, label, frameLen = 2048) {
+  const key = `${url},${frameLen}`;
+  if (!seenKeys.has(key)) {
+    const buf = await loadBuffer(url, label);
+    const ch0 = buf.getChannelData(0);
+    const total = ch0.length;
+    const numFrames = Math.max(1, Math.floor(total / frameLen));
+    const frames = new Array(numFrames);
+    for (let i = 0; i < numFrames; i++) {
+      const start = i * frameLen;
+      frames[i] = ch0.subarray(start, start + frameLen);
+    }
+    seenKeys.add(key);
+    return { frames, frameLen, numFrames, key };
+  }
+  return { frameLen, key }; // worklet will use the cached version
+}
+
+function humanFileSize(bytes, si) {
+  var thresh = si ? 1000 : 1024;
+  if (bytes < thresh) return bytes + ' B';
+  var units = si
+    ? ['kB', 'MB', 'GB', 'TB', 'PB', 'EB', 'ZB', 'YB']
+    : ['KiB', 'MiB', 'GiB', 'TiB', 'PiB', 'EiB', 'ZiB', 'YiB'];
+  var u = -1;
+  do {
+    bytes /= thresh;
+    ++u;
+  } while (bytes >= thresh);
+  return bytes.toFixed(1) + ' ' + units[u];
+}
+
+// Extract the sample rate of a .wav file
+function parseWavSampleRate(arrBuf) {
+  const dv = new DataView(arrBuf);
+  // Header is "RIFF<chunk size (4 bytes)>WAVE", so 12 bytes
+  let p = 12;
+  // Look through chunks for the format header
+  // (they will always have an 8 byte header (id and size) followed by a payload)
+  while (p + 8 <= dv.byteLength) {
+    // Parse id
+    const id = String.fromCharCode(dv.getUint8(p), dv.getUint8(p + 1), dv.getUint8(p + 2), dv.getUint8(p + 3));
+    // Parse chunk size
+    const size = dv.getUint32(p + 4, true);
+    if (id === 'fmt ') {
+      // The format chunk contains the sample rate after
+      // 8 bytes of header, 2 bytes of format tag, 2 bytes of num channels
+      // (for a total of 12)
+      return dv.getUint32(p + 12, true);
+    }
+    // Advance to next chunk
+    p += 8 + size + (size & 1);
+  }
+  return null;
+}
+
+async function decodeAtNativeRate(arr) {
+  const sr = parseWavSampleRate(arr) || 44100;
+  const tempAC = new OfflineAudioContext(1, 1, sr);
+  return await tempAC.decodeAudioData(arr);
+}
+
+const loadCache = {};
+const loadBuffer = (url, label) => {
+  url = url.replace('#', '%23');
+  if (!loadCache[url]) {
+    logger(`[wavetable] load table ${label}..`, 'load-table', { url });
+    const timestamp = Date.now();
+    loadCache[url] = fetch(url)
+      .then((res) => res.arrayBuffer())
+      .then(async (res) => {
+        const took = Date.now() - timestamp;
+        const size = humanFileSize(res.byteLength);
+        logger(`[wavetable] load table ${label}... done! loaded ${size} in ${took}ms`, 'loaded-table', { url });
+        const decoded = await decodeAtNativeRate(res);
+        return decoded;
+      });
+  }
+  return loadCache[url];
+};
+
+function githubPath(base, subpath = '') {
+  if (!base.startsWith('github:')) {
+    throw new Error('expected "github:" at the start of pseudoUrl');
+  }
+  let [_, path] = base.split('github:');
+  path = path.endsWith('/') ? path.slice(0, -1) : path;
+  if (path.split('/').length === 2) {
+    // assume main as default branch if none set
+    path += '/main';
+  }
+  return `https://raw.githubusercontent.com/${path}/${subpath}`;
+}
+
+const _processTables = (json, baseUrl, frameLen, options = {}) => {
+  baseUrl = json._base || baseUrl;
+  return Object.entries(json).forEach(([key, tables]) => {
+    if (key === '_base') return false;
+    if (typeof tables === 'string') {
+      tables = [tables];
+    }
+    if (typeof tables !== 'object') {
+      throw new Error('wrong json format for ' + key);
+    }
+    let resolvedUrl = baseUrl;
+    if (resolvedUrl.startsWith('github:')) {
+      resolvedUrl = githubPath(resolvedUrl, '');
+    }
+    tables = tables
+      .map((t) => resolvedUrl + t)
+      .filter((t) => {
+        if (!t.toLowerCase().endsWith('.wav')) {
+          logger(`[wavetable] skipping ${t} -- wavetables must be ".wav" format`);
+          return false;
+        }
+        return true;
+      });
+    if (tables.length) {
+      registerWaveTable(key, tables, { baseUrl, frameLen });
+    }
+  });
+};
+
+export function registerWaveTable(key, tables, params) {
+  registerSound(
+    key,
+    (t, hapValue, onended, cps) => {
+      return onTriggerSynth(t, hapValue, onended, tables, cps, params?.frameLen ?? 2048);
+    },
+    {
+      type: 'wavetable',
+      tables,
+      ...params,
+    },
+  );
+}
+
+/**
+ * Loads a collection of wavetables to use with `s`
+ *
+ * @name tables
+ */
+export const tables = async (url, frameLen, json, options = {}) => {
+  if (json !== undefined) return _processTables(json, url, frameLen);
+  if (url.startsWith('github:')) {
+    url = githubPath(url, 'strudel.json');
+  }
+  if (url.startsWith('local:')) {
+    url = `http://localhost:5432`;
+  }
+  const base = getBaseURL(url);
+  if (typeof fetch !== 'function') {
+    // not a browser
+    return;
+  }
+  if (typeof fetch === 'undefined') {
+    // skip fetch when in node / testing
+    return;
+  }
+  return fetch(url)
+    .then((res) => res.json())
+    .then((json) => _processTables(json, base, frameLen, options))
+    .catch((error) => {
+      console.error(error);
+      throw new Error(`error loading "${url}"`);
+    });
+};
+
+export async function onTriggerSynth(t, value, onended, tables, cps, frameLen) {
+  const { s, n = 0, duration, clip } = value;
+  const ac = getAudioContext();
+  const [attack, decay, sustain, release] = getADSRValues([value.attack, value.decay, value.sustain, value.release]);
+  let { warpmode } = value;
+  if (typeof warpmode === 'string') {
+    warpmode = Warpmode[warpmode.toUpperCase()] ?? Warpmode.NONE;
+  }
+  const frequency = getFrequencyFromValue(value);
+  const { url, label } = getCommonSampleInfo(value, tables);
+  const payload = await getPayload(url, label, frameLen);
+  let holdEnd = t + duration;
+  if (clip !== undefined) {
+    holdEnd = Math.min(t + clip * duration, holdEnd);
+  }
+  const endWithRelease = holdEnd + release;
+  const envEnd = endWithRelease + 0.01;
+  payload.voices = Math.max(value.unison ?? 1, 1);
+  const params = {
+    begin: t,
+    end: envEnd,
+    frequency,
+    freqspread: value.detune,
+    position: value.wt,
+    warp: value.warp,
+    warpMode: warpmode,
+    panspread: value.spread,
+    phaserand: (value.wtphaserand ?? value.unison > 1) ? 1 : 0,
+  };
+  const source = getPooledWorklet(ac, 'wavetable-oscillator-processor', params, { outputChannelCount: [2] }, payload);
+  if (ac.currentTime > t) {
+    logger(`[wavetable] still loading sound "${s}:${n}"`, 'highlight');
+    return;
+  }
+  const posADSRParams = [value.wtattack, value.wtdecay, value.wtsustain, value.wtrelease];
+  const warpADSRParams = [value.warpattack, value.warpdecay, value.warpsustain, value.warprelease];
+  const wtParams = source.parameters;
+  const positionParam = wtParams.get('position');
+  const warpParam = wtParams.get('warp');
+
+  let wtrate = value.wtrate;
+  if (value.wtsync != null) {
+    wtrate = cps * value.wtsync;
+  }
+
+  const wtPosModulators = applyParameterModulators(
+    ac,
+    positionParam,
+    t,
+    endWithRelease,
+    {
+      offset: value.wt,
+      amount: value.wtenv,
+      defaultAmount: 0.5,
+      shape: 'linear',
+      values: posADSRParams,
+      holdEnd,
+      defaultValues: [0, 0.5, 0, 0.1],
+    },
+    {
+      frequency: wtrate,
+      depth: value.wtdepth,
+      defaultDepth: 0.5,
+      shape: value.wtshape,
+      skew: value.wtskew,
+      dcoffset: value.wtdc ?? 0,
+    },
+  );
+
+  let warprate = value.warprate;
+  if (value.warpsync != null) {
+    warprate = warprate = cps * value.warpsync;
+  }
+  const wtWarpModulators = applyParameterModulators(
+    ac,
+    warpParam,
+    t,
+    endWithRelease,
+    {
+      offset: value.warp,
+      amount: value.warpenv,
+      defaultAmount: 0.5,
+      shape: 'linear',
+      values: warpADSRParams,
+      holdEnd,
+      defaultValues: [0, 0.5, 0, 0.1],
+    },
+    {
+      frequency: warprate,
+      depth: value.warpdepth,
+      defaultDepth: 0.5,
+      shape: value.warpshape,
+      skew: value.warpskew,
+      dcoffset: value.warpdc ?? 0,
+    },
+  );
+  const vibratoOscillator = getVibratoOscillator(source.parameters.get('detune'), value, t);
+  const fm = applyFM(source.parameters.get('frequency'), value, t);
+  const envGain = ac.createGain();
+  const node = source.connect(envGain);
+  getParamADSR(node.gain, attack, decay, sustain, release, 0, 0.3, t, holdEnd, 'linear');
+  getPitchEnvelope(source.parameters.get('detune'), value, t, holdEnd);
+  const handle = { node, source };
+  const timeoutNode = webAudioTimeout(
+    ac,
+    () => {
+      releaseNodeToPool(source);
+      vibratoOscillator?.stop();
+      fm?.stop();
+      wtPosModulators?.disconnect();
+      wtWarpModulators?.disconnect();
+      onended();
+    },
+    t,
+    envEnd,
+  );
+  handle.stop = (time) => {
+    timeoutNode.stop(time);
+  };
+  return handle;
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+/*
+worklets-common.mjs - Common worklet code
+
+Copyright (C) 2025 Strudel contributors - see <https://codeberg.org/uzu/strudel/src/branch/main/packages/superdough/worklets-common.mjs>
+This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later version. This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU Affero General Public License for more details. You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public License along with this program.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+*/
+
+// Mixin to make class "reusable" (i.e. have a begin and end and properly handle `initialize` messages)
+export const makeReusable = (Base) =>
+  class extends Base {
+    static get parameterDescriptors() {
+      return [
+        ...(super.parameterDescriptors ?? []),
+        {
+          name: 'begin',
+          defaultValue: 0,
+          min: 0,
+          max: Number.POSITIVE_INFINITY,
+          automationRate: 'k-rate',
+        },
+        {
+          name: 'end',
+          defaultValue: 0,
+          min: 0,
+          max: Number.POSITIVE_INFINITY,
+          automationRate: 'k-rate',
+        },
+      ];
+    }
+
+    constructor(options) {
+      super(options);
+      this.isAlive = true;
+      this.graceSeconds = options?.processorOptions?.graceSeconds ?? 0.5;
+
+      this.port.onmessage = (e) => {
+        const { type, payload } = e.data || {};
+        if (type === 'initialize') {
+          this.initialize(payload);
+        } else if (this.handlePortMessage) {
+          this.handlePortMessage(type, payload, e);
+        }
+      };
+    }
+
+    initialize(_options) {
+      // defined on subclasses
+    }
+
+    processActive(_inputs, _outputs, _params) {
+      // processing subclasses should do when we're between begin/end
+      return true;
+    }
+
+    process(inputs, outputs, params) {
+      const begin = params.begin[0];
+      const end = params.end[0];
+      if (currentTime >= end + this.graceSeconds) {
+        if (this.isAlive) {
+          this.port.postMessage({ type: 'died' });
+          this.isAlive = false;
+        }
+        return false;
+      }
+      if (currentTime < begin || currentTime >= end) {
+        return true;
+      }
+      return this.processActive(inputs, outputs, params);
+    }
+  };
@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
 //import { ZZFX } from 'zzfx';
 import { midiToFreq, noteToMidi } from './util.mjs';
-import { registerSound, getAudioContext } from './superdough.mjs';
+import { registerSound } from './superdough.mjs';
+import { getAudioContext } from './audioContext.mjs';
 import { buildSamples } from './zzfx_fork.mjs';
+import { onceEnded, releaseAudioNode } from './helpers.mjs';

 export const getZZFX = (value, t) => {
  let {
@@ -82,10 +84,10 @@ export function registerZZFXSounds() {
      wave,
      (t, value, onended) => {
        const { node: o } = getZZFX({ s: wave, ...value }, t);
-        o.onended = () => {
-          o.disconnect();
+        onceEnded(o, () => {
+          releaseAudioNode(o);
          onended();
-        };
+        });
        return {
          node: o,
          stop: () => {},
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import { getAudioContext } from './superdough.mjs';
+import { getAudioContext } from './audioContext.mjs';

 // https://github.com/KilledByAPixel/ZzFX/blob/master/ZzFX.js#L85C5-L180C6
 // changes: replaced this.volume with 1 + using sampleRate from getAudioContext()
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+pattern.wav
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+# supradough
+
+platform agnostic synth and sampler intended for live coding. a reimplementation of superdough.
@@ -0,0 +1,123 @@
+// this is a poc of how a pattern can be rendered as a wav file using node
+// run via: node dough-export.mjs
+import fs from 'node:fs';
+import WavEncoder from 'wav-encoder';
+import { evalScope } from '@strudel/core';
+import { miniAllStrings } from '@strudel/mini';
+import { Dough } from './dough.mjs';
+
+await evalScope(
+  import('@strudel/core'),
+  import('@strudel/mini'),
+  import('@strudel/tonal'),
+  // import('@strudel/tonal'),
+);
+
+miniAllStrings(); // allows using single quotes for mini notation / skip transpilation
+
+let sampleRate = 48000,
+  cps = 0.4;
+
+/* await doughsamples('github:eddyflux/crate');
+await doughsamples('github:eddyflux/wax'); */
+
+let pat = note('c,eb,g,<bb c4 d4 eb4>')
+  .s('sine')
+  .press()
+  .add(note(24))
+  .fmi(3)
+  .fmh(5.01)
+  .dec(0.4)
+  .delay('.6:<.12 .22>:.8')
+  .jux(press)
+  .rarely(add(note('12')))
+  .lpf(400)
+  .lpq(0.2)
+  .lpd(0.4)
+  .lpenv(3)
+  .fmdecay(0.4)
+  .fmenv(1)
+  .postgain(0.6)
+  .stack(s('<pink white>*8').dec(0.07).rarely(ply('2')).delay(0.5).hpf(sine.range(200, 2000).slow(4)).hpq(0.2))
+  .stack(
+    s('[- white@3]*2')
+      .dec(0.4)
+      .hpf('<2000!3 <4000 8000>>*4')
+      .hpq(0.6)
+      .ply('<1 2>*4')
+      .postgain(0.5)
+      .delay(0.5)
+      .jux(rev)
+      .lpf(5000),
+  )
+  .stack(
+    note('<c2 - [- f1] ->*2')
+      .s('square')
+      .lpf(sine.range(100, 300).slow(4))
+      .lpe(1)
+      .segment(8)
+      .lpd(0.3)
+      .lpq(0.2)
+      .dec(0.2)
+      .speed('<1 2>')
+      .ply('<1 2>')
+      .postgain(1),
+  )
+  .stack(
+    chord('<Cm Cm7 Cm9 Cm11 Fm Fm7 Fm9 Fm11>')
+      .voicing()
+      .s('<sine>')
+      .clip(1)
+      .rel(0.4)
+      .vib('4:.2')
+      .gain(0.7)
+      .hpf(1200)
+      .fm(0.5)
+      .att(1)
+      .lpa(0.5)
+      .lpf(200)
+      .lpenv(4)
+      .chorus(0.8),
+  )
+  .slow(1 / cps);
+
+let cycles = 30;
+let seconds = cycles + 1; // 1s release tail
+const haps = pat.queryArc(0, cycles);
+
+const dough = new Dough(sampleRate);
+
+console.log('spawn voices...');
+haps.forEach((hap) => {
+  hap.value._begin = Number(hap.whole.begin);
+  hap.value._duration = hap.duration /*  / cps */;
+  dough.scheduleSpawn(hap.value);
+});
+console.log(`render ${seconds}s long buffer, each dot is 1 second:`);
+const buffers = [new Float32Array(seconds * sampleRate), new Float32Array(seconds * sampleRate)];
+let t = performance.now();
+while (dough.t <= buffers[0].length) {
+  dough.update();
+  buffers[0][dough.t] = dough.out[0];
+  buffers[1][dough.t] = dough.out[1];
+  if (dough.t % sampleRate === 0) {
+    process.stdout.write('.');
+  }
+}
+const took = (performance.now() - t) / 1000;
+const load = (took / seconds) * 100;
+const speed = (seconds / took).toFixed(2);
+console.log('');
+console.log(`done!
+rendered ${seconds}s in ${took.toFixed(2)}s 
+speed: ${speed}x
+load: ${load.toFixed(2)}%`);
+
+const patternAudio = {
+  sampleRate,
+  channelData: buffers,
+};
+
+WavEncoder.encode(patternAudio).then((buffer) => {
+  fs.writeFileSync('pattern.wav', new Float32Array(buffer));
+});
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+import { Dough } from './dough.mjs';
+
+const clamp = (num, min, max) => Math.min(Math.max(num, min), max);
+
+class DoughProcessor extends AudioWorkletProcessor {
+  constructor() {
+    super();
+    this.dough = new Dough(sampleRate, currentTime);
+    this.port.onmessage = (event) => {
+      if (event.data.spawn) {
+        this.dough.scheduleSpawn(event.data.spawn);
+      } else if (event.data.sample) {
+        this.dough.loadSample(event.data.sample, event.data.channels, event.data.sampleRate);
+      } else if (event.data.samples) {
+        event.data.samples.forEach(([name, channels, sampleRate]) => {
+          this.dough.loadSample(name, channels, sampleRate);
+        });
+      } else {
+        console.log('unrecognized event type', event.data);
+      }
+    };
+  }
+  process(inputs, outputs, params) {
+    if (this.disconnected) {
+      return false;
+    }
+    const output = outputs[0];
+    for (let i = 0; i < output[0].length; i++) {
+      this.dough.update();
+      for (let c = 0; c < output.length; c++) {
+        //prevent speaker blowout via clipping if threshold exceeds
+        output[c][i] = clamp(this.dough.out[c], -1, 1);
+      }
+    }
+    return true; // keep the audio processing going
+  }
+}
+
+registerProcessor('dough-processor', DoughProcessor);
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+// import _workletUrl from './dough-worklet.mjs?url'; // only for dev (breaks for production build)
+import _workletUrl from './dough-worklet.mjs?audioworklet'; // only for prod (breaks in development?!)
+
+export * from './dough.mjs';
+export const workletUrl = _workletUrl;
--- a/Show More
+++ b/Show More